Is there value in the product of labor What is the value of labor?

Because this "value" is an economic term, it refers specifically to "undifferentiated human labor condensed in commodities", provided that it is "condensed in commodities".

Commodities have two attributes, one is what you say, and the other is that they have use value. For example, if you pick up a stone on the mountain, and you bend down to it, it is labor value, but the stone is useless and cannot be sold in the market, that is, it has no use value and cannot become a commodity. To use another analogy, I have woven a scarf for you, which has my labor, but it is given to you as a gift, and it is not sold, so it is not a commodity.

The definition of value is multifaceted: value must be relatively comparative, and its existence is unnecessary and meaningless if it loses its opposite. The material obtained by labor must have a purpose for its existence, that is, its product has room for use, so that it can produce the so-called value.

This reveals the supply and demand of goods.

"Value" is an economic term that refers specifically to "undifferentiated human labor condensed in commodities", provided that it is "condensed in commodities".

You must know that value and use value cannot be obtained at the same time, and when the product of labor is not exchanged, that is, it does not become a commodity, you have its practical value, then you do not get its value, and therefore have no value.

Of course, you can't understand this value in terms of people's notions of value in the general sense.

Labor value it is a special kindUse valueIt is the use value generated by the special commodity of labor, and it is a kind of use value that can produce value appreciation.

It is both the use value: after the laborer consumes a certain form and a certain amount of the use value of the means of subsistence, he transforms it into the potential of labor banquet imitation (this is a transitional form of value), and then transforms the labor potential into labor value in the labor process.

Attributes of Labor Value:

1. The value of commodities is created by labor.

2. Provisions on the value of goods.

3. It is abstract labor that creates the substance of commodity value.

4. Value is only reflected in the process of commodity exchange.

5. Value is a kind of production relationship.

and historical categories.

6. Value is the social attribute of commodities, reflecting the social relations between commodity producers.

7. The only factor that creates value is labor, which is greater than any other factor of production.

None of them are a source of value.

8. The labor that forms value is abstract labor, that is, undifferentiated human labor. Concrete labor creates the use value of commodities, but concrete labor is not the source of value.

9. The labor that creates value is living labor, that is, the abstract labor consumed in the ongoing production process. Materialized labor, that is, dead labor, is only the condensation of past labor, which only transfers its own value in the process of new commodity production, but cannot create value.

The value of labor is that of laborUse value, that is, the generalized ordered energy that a certain subject has and releases from another subject, which is expressed by qv.

It can be seen that labor value is a special kind of use value, which is the use value possessed and released by laborers or labor forces, and the use value refers to the value possessed and released by ordinary things.

Use value and labor value are the two basic forms of value, both of which are concrete, not abstract. Use value and labor value represent two different directions: use value reflects the degree of effect of good things on the survival and development of people, and labor value reflects the degree of reaction of people to objective things with the survival and development of people as the basic purpose.

The mutual transformation of labor value and use value.

The value of labor is generated by the human organism itself, which is the value embodiment of human labor ability, and is released by human beings in the process of labor. Obviously, the survival and development of the human organism is inseparable from the consumption of means of subsistence, and the formation, maintenance, and development of man's labor capacity must be premised on the consumption of a certain quantity, a certain quality, and a certain form of the use value of the means of subsistence.

Under normal circumstances, the longer the labor time paid by a person in the process of labor, the greater the labor intensity, the higher the complexity of labor, and the more the use value of the means of subsistence that needs to be consumed to compensate for these labor costs. Further research shows that the amount of labor consumed by the average worker is related to "socially necessary compensatory living."

There is a certain correspondence between the consumption of data use value.

It can be seen that the labor value is the use value of the means of living, and will eventually be transformed into the use value of the means of living, and the mutual transformation of the use value and the value of labor can be divided into three processes.

The three components of the value of labor commodities:

To maintain the value of the means of subsistence necessary for the worker's own survival, and to reproduce his labor power.

The value of the means of subsistence necessary for the reproduction of the laborer is used to continue the supply of labor.

The expenses incurred by the laborers in receiving education and training are used to train the labour forces suitable for capitalist reproduction.

The use value and value of labor commodities Labor goods, like other commodities, have use value and value. The value of the commodity of labor is also determined by the amount of labor time necessary to produce and reproduce labor power. However, the commodity of labor has many special characteristics compared with ordinary commodities.

Labor power, the labor ability of people, the sum of mental and physical strength contained in the human body. The process of material means of production is the process in which labor forces act on the means of production. Without labour-power, it is impossible to create anything by the means of production itself; However, in the process of material material production, labor force plays a role, and in addition to having certain production experience and labor skills or cultural and scientific knowledge, it must also have a certain amount of means of production, otherwise, the production process of material materials cannot be carried out.

In the production process, workers use their own labor force and production tools to act on the objects of labor, which can not only create material wealth, but also continuously improve their labor skills. In different societies, the use of labor is different due to the different ways in which the means of production and labor are combined.

In a capitalist society, the capitalist owns the means of production and takes possession of labor power through the purchase of commodities, prompting the laborer to enter the production process and combine with the means of production to create surplus value; Under the socialist market economy, the combination of labor and means of production in the production process is different from that of capitalist society.

But labor is a special commodity, and its value and use value have characteristics that are different from ordinary commodities.

The three values of labor.

The meaning and value of labor is not only laundry, cooking, cleaning, but also pragmatism, work, operation, and practice.

In the process of labor, human beings form information through the transformation of behavior and thinking, select information through value judgment and value evaluation, and store and disseminate information through experience and ability.

On the other hand, information is formed through the establishment, development and improvement of various forms of extended dissipation structures (means of subsistence, means of production, social relations, natural environment and social environment, etc.), information is selected through value judgment and value evaluation, and information is stored and disseminated through science and technology.

Third, labor promotes the division of labor between hands and feet, enables people to learn to make and use tools, labor promotes the production of language, accelerates the production and dissemination of information, promotes the evolution of the brain and body, and accelerates the accumulation and processing of information.

And any labor has an active and passive nature. Motivation refers to the process in which people transform nature according to their own understanding of the laws of nature, and motivation refers to the process in which people are always governed by these wild laws and have to carry out activities according to these laws, regardless of whether they know these laws or not.

In a certain sense, these two processes coexist at the same time, two sides of the same process. Experts call the results of the active side of people in this process "free labor" and give it the essential stipulation of beauty.

1.Labor can condense a certain amount of information, so it can produce value appreciation, among which the Xinbi dust condensed by physiological labor is usually in the form of physiological information condensed in the human body, which is mainly manifested in the strengthening of body health, physical flexibility, sensory sensitivity, environmental adaptability, thinking creativity, etc.

2.From a philosophical point of view, labor is a connotative integration of subject, object and meaning.

3.Labor usually refers to the human movement that can export the amount or value of labor to the outside world, and labor is the only means for people to maintain their own survival and self-development.

4.According to the traditional theory of labor classification, labor can be divided into two categories: mental labor and physical labor.

5.Labor is a special form of human movement.

6.In a system of commodity production, labor is the expenditure and use of labor.

7.Marx gave us this definition: "The use of labor power is labor itself."

8.The buyer of labor consumes labor power, which is called the labor of the seller of labor power.

Hello dear, the value of labor: 1. Each worker puts himself in the appropriate social division of labor according to his own reality, and can transform his skills into productivity and products through labor fiber, and get social recognition, which is the embodiment of labor value and code destruction. 2. Labor is not only a job, but also the meaning of labor is reflected when oneself can bring a clean environment and a pleasant mood to the citizens.

The value of the commodity of labor is determined by the socially necessary labor time for the production and reproduction of the commodity of labor. The value of the commodity of labor includes three parts: the value of the means of subsistence necessary for the maintenance of the laborer's own survival, which is used to reproduce his labor power; The value of the means of subsistence necessary for the reproduction of the laborer is used to continue the supply of labor. The expenses incurred by the labourers in receiving education and training are used to train the labour force suitable for the needs of capitalist reproduction.

The value of labor commodities is also influenced by historical and moral factors. Under the conditions of the socialist market economy, labor force is also a commodity and an important factor of production, and strengthening the study of labor commodities and scientifically managing and using labor force is of great significance to the rational allocation of resources and the improvement of economic efficiency.

the peculiarities of labor commodities in three aspects; Peculiarities of the Conditions for the Formation of the Commodity of Labor Power (Freedom of Life, Nothing) Personal Freedom of the Laborer The laborer has lost all means of production and means of subsistence, has nothing but his own labor power, and must sell his labor power in order to survive. peculiarities in the composition of the value of labor commodities; the value of the necessities of life; (the value of the means of subsistence necessary for the reproduction of the working person), the cost of education and training, historical and moral factors. That is, the composition and quantity of the means of subsistence required by the laborers vary according to the level of socio-economic development and the natural and historical conditions of each country.

The peculiarity of the use value of labor commodities. The use value of labor is labor, and its characteristics are as follows: It is the source of value, and it is a source of value greater than its own value.

It is the peculiarity of the use value of the commodity of labour power that can create surplus value for its purchaser that is decisive for the capitalist mode of production. The transformation of labor power into a commodity is the prerequisite for the transformation of money into capital, so the necessary condition for resolving the formal contradiction of the general formula of capital is the purchase of labor power, a special commodity. The generation of surplus value is neither in the field of circulation nor inseparable from the field of circulation.

the value of labor; It is a special use value, it is the use value generated by the special commodity of labor, and it is a use value that can produce value multiplication, which is both the use value

After consuming a certain form and a certain amount of the use value of the means of subsistence, the laborer converts it into labor potential (which is a transitional form of value), and then transforms the labor potential into labor value in the labor process; It in turn serves the use value.

At the level of bourgeois society, the wages of the workers are expressed in the form of the ** of labor, in the form of a certain amount of money paid for a certain amount of labor. Here, one speaks of the value of labor, and calls its monetary expression the necessity or nature of labor.

Labor is the physical and intrinsic measure of value, but it has no value in itself. In any case, labour must exist before it is sold in the market as a commodity. But if the worker can make his labor stand on his own, he sells the commodity, not the labour.

Labor Theory of Value (labor

valuetheory）

Marx defined value as: value is the undifferentiated human labor condensed in commodities. That is, condensed by abstract labor.

The labor theory of value defines value as a kind of human labor, so within the scope of the value definition of the labor theory of value, "it cannot be said that labor can create value", and there is no statement in Capital that "labor creates value", but only mentions that specific people or laborers can create value. The idea that exchange in commodity exchange is a labor (value) rather than an immeasurable utility of exchange was first proposed by the British economist Petty. According to Pedi, the usefulness of things makes them use value, and use value always constitutes the material content of wealth, and at the same time it is the material bearer of exchange value.

Labor is the only source of value, and at the same time, it is also the only source of wealth, labor is the father of wealth, and land is the mother of wealth. Adam Smith and David Ricardo also made great contributions to the labor theory of value. (If it helps you, please set "Ruli praise", thank you!) ）