Why is it said that Newton used despicable means against Leibniz 5

Both sides used dishonorable tactics, and the escalation of the controversy led to complementary exchanges and hostility between the British and continental European mathematical communities. Although Newton won in the end, it was still worth the loss overall.

When he was president of the Royal Society, he retaliated against Leibniz's academic achievements.

Newton was not only a great mathematician but also a physicist. Just from the "Apple Story" that we often hear, we know how famous he is. He also basically established the theoretical framework of "classical mechanics". It can be regarded as very "powerful".

Leibniz was not weak, he was the most important German natural scientist, mathematician, physicist, historian and philosopher, a rare scientific genius, and the founder of calculus along with Newton. He was well-read, dabbled in encyclopedias, and made an indelible contribution to enriching the treasure trove of scientific knowledge of mankind.

But Newton is more famous.

You can take a look at their introduction on the encyclopedia.

Feel like Leibniz.

Smarter, Leibniz published calculus first, after all.

Newton.

Later, he said that he had already researched the lack of luck, but he didn't publish it. It is only Newton's one-sided statement, and it is not convincing.

Some people believe that Leibniz's greatest contribution was not the invention of calculus, but the invention of mathematical notation used in calculus.

Because Newton's use of symbols is generally considered to be worse than Leibniz's.

Leibniz was involved in more than 40 fields such as law, mechanics, optics, linguistics, etc., all of which had outstanding performance, which was not comparable to Newton. He, along with Descartes and Baruch Spinoza, are considered the three greatest rationalist philosophers of the seventeenth century. Leibniz's work in philosophy, while foreseeing the birth of modern logic and analytic philosophy, was also clearly heavily influenced by the scholastic tradition, which applied more first principles or a priori definitions than experimental evidence to derive to conclusions.

Leibniz also made significant contributions to the development of physics and technology, and developed concepts that would later cover a wide range of topics, including biology, medicine, geology, probability theory, psychology, linguistics, and information science. Leibniz left a legacy in political science, law, ethics, theology, philosophy, history, and linguistics.

Finally found a soulmate! I think there's something wrong with Newton's character, and the reason why he wants to have such a high reputation, I personally think it's possible that he used his president of the Royal Society to suppress others, and he had a lot of controversy with a lot of people.

I think he's a scientist, but he's more likely also a politician and a conspirator.

Gottfried? William? Leibniz (Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz) is the son of a philosophy professor in Leipzig, Germany, the great philosopher, mathematician, logician, historian and linguist of the German Enlightenment, known as the last generalist in German and European history Leibniz is very versatile in history few people can compare with him, his works include mathematics, history, language, biology, geology, mechanics, physics, law, diplomacy and other aspects.

There should be Leibniz's esoteric philosophy in philosophy and logic, where the concept of the possible world is used to express modal assertions.

In philosophy, the term "modality" encompasses ideas such as "possibility", "necessity" and "contingency".

Talking about the possible world is very common in contemporary philosophical discussions (especially in the English-speaking world), albeit with great controversy.

Newton's philosophical thought is basically spontaneous materialism, and he acknowledges the objective existence of time and space.

Like all great figures in history, although Newton made great contributions to mankind, he could not be immune to the limitations of the times.

For example, he regarded time and space as things that are separate from moving matter, and proposed the concepts of so-called absolute time and absolute space. He attributed the temporary inexplicable phenomena of nature to God's arrangement, and proposed that all planets began to move under the action of some external "first impetus of the rolling source".

Seven years after Newton created calculus, his theory was passed on without knowing what happened. But what is certain is that Newton created calculus absolutely independently. As for Leibniz, who knows.

The significance of the Newton-Leibniz formula is that it links the indefinite integral with the definite integral, and also provides a perfect and satisfactory method for the operation of the definite integral. Here's how the formula works:

We know that the definite integral of the function f(x) over the interval [a,b] is expressed as:

b (upper limit) a (lower limit) f(x) dx

Now let's take the upper bound of the integral interval as a variable, so we define a new function:

x) = x (upper limit) a (lower limit) f(x) dx

But here x has two meanings, one is to represent the upper limit of the integral, and the other is to represent the independent variable of the integrand, but it is meaningless to take a fixed value of the independent variable of the integrand in the definite integral. In order to represent only the change in the upper limit of the integral, we change the independent variable of the integrand to another letter such as t, so that the meaning is very clear:

x) = x (upper limit) a (lower limit) f(t) dt

Let's look at the properties of this function (x):

1. Define the function (x)=

x(upper limit) a(lower limit) f(t)dt, then '(x)=f(x).

Proof: Let the function (x) obtain the delta δx, then the corresponding function increment.

= (x+δx)- x)=x+δx(upper limit) a(lower limit) f(t)dt-x(upper limit) a(lower limit) f(t)dt

Obviously, x+δx(upper limit) a(lower bound) f(t)dt-x(upper limit) a(lower limit) f(t)dt=x+δx(upper limit) x(lower limit) f(t)dt

And δ =x+δx(upper limit) x(lower limit)f(t)dt=f( )x( Between x and x+δx, it can be deduced from the median theorem in the definite integral, or you can draw a graph by yourself, and the geometric meaning is very clear. )

When δx tends to 0, that is δ tends to 0, it tends to x, and f( ) tends to f(x), so there is lim

x→0φ/δx=f(x)

This is also the definition of a derivative, so we end up with '(x)=f(x).

2. b (upper limit) a (lower limit) f(x) dx = f(b)-f(a), f(x) is the original function of f(x).

Proof: We have proven '(x)=f(x), so (x)+c=f(x).

But (a)=0 (the integral interval becomes [a,a], so the area is 0), so f(a)=c

So there is (x)+f(a)=f(x), when x=b, (b)=f(b)-f(a), and (b)=b(upper limit) a(lower bound) f(t)dt, so b(upper limit) a(lower limit) f(t)dt=f(b)-f(a).

Write t as x again, and it becomes the formula at the beginning, which is the Newton-Leibniz formula.

1. Newton: (January 4, 1643 – March 31, 1727) was a great English mathematician, physicist, astronomer and natural philosopher. He was born on 4 January 1643 in the village of Walthop near Grantham, Lincolnshire, England, and died in London on 31 March 1727.

2. Leibniz: (July 1, 1646, November 14, 1716), German philosopher, mathematician, rare generalist in history, known as Aristotle in the seventeenth century.

They were contemporaries, but according to the above introduction, they clearly belonged to two people.