Who came up with the attachment theory

Attachment Theory. Originally proposed by British psychoanalyst John Bowlby, he sought to understand the intense distress experienced by babies after being separated from their parents. Bowlby observed that separated babies would try to resist separation from their parents or get close to missing parents in extreme ways (eg, crying, clinging, frantically searching).

At the time, psychoanalytic writers believed that these expressions of infants were manifestations of infantile immature defense mechanisms, which were mobilized to suppress emotional pain. But Bowlby points out that in many mammals.

This expression is very common, and he thinks that these behaviors may have biological evolution.

meaning of the function.

Bowlby based on behavioral theory hypothesizes that these attachment behaviors, such as crying and searching, are adaptive responses that arise from separation from the original attachment partner (i.e., the person who provides support, protection, and care). This reaction occurs because both humans and other mammalian young children are unable to obtain food and protect themselves on their own, and they rely on "older and smarter" adult individuals for care and protection.

Bowlby argues that over the course of evolution, babies who are able to maintain a close relationship with an attachment partner (either by looking cute or by resorting to attachment behavior) are more likely to survive to reproductive age. In Bowlby's view, natural selection.

Gradually, he "designed" a motivational control system that he called the "Attachment Behavior System" to adjust the closeness to the object to which he was attached.

The attachment behavior system is an important concept in attachment theory because it connects the two in general: the behavioral patterns of human development, emotional regulation, and the phenomenology of personality. In Bowlby's view, the attachment system essentially "asks" fundamental questions such as:

If your child perceives that the answer to this question is "yes," he or she will feel loved, safe, confident, and engage in behaviors such as exploring his surroundings, playing with others, and socializing. However, if the child perceives that the answer to this question is "no," the child experiences anxiety and exhibits a variety of attachment behaviors: from searching with the eye to actively following and shouting.

These behaviors continue until the child re-establishes an adequate level of physical or psychological closeness to the person to whom he is attached, or until the child is "exhausted," which occurs in situations of prolonged separation or disappearance. Bowlby believes that children experience disappointment and depression in such helpless situations.

In terms of attachment theory, it mainly lies in the fact that you are attached to other people, and there is another kind of attachment, which is a kind of dependence.

1) Secure attachment: The baby has a secure emotional connection with the mother, likes to be close to the mother, responds more positively to strangers, and the mother leaves obvious distress and uneasiness.

Mother returns, excited, soothed, quickly calmed down, and continues to play.

2) Avoidant type: Adopt an avoidant attitude towards the mother, and there is basically no manifestation of separation anxiety when separating.

There is not much anxiety and uneasiness about strangers, and "unattached babies".

3) Ambivalent type: (rebellious type) has ambivalent feelings towards the mother, and the strange emotion cries the most and plays the least.

Mother leaves: very distressed, upset and resistant, mother returns: very angry, refuses to touch, is not easily comforted, and it is difficult to continue the game.

4) Disorganized: Lack of coherent strategies for unfamiliar situations, poorly organized behavior Showing contradictory behaviors of seeking closeness and avoiding at the same time Sometimes cautious about parents as strangers One of the most disturbing attachments The reasons for the formation of attachment types are mainly the interaction between the mother and the baby in the first year The key is the sensitivity of the mother, the degree of positive reaction, which is also influenced by the characteristics of the baby.

The main reason is the lack of love from the original family when I was a child.

If you lack father's love, you will grow up and become attached to older people. Lacking maternal love, you may like the woman to be older.

It has something to do with the lack of love when I was a child.

The attachment theory was first developed by the British psychiatrist John Bowlby, who in 1944 conducted a study of 44 teenage thieves that first sparked his interest in studying mother-child relationships.

Subsequently, he carried out a series of studies on "maternal deprivation" and pointed out that in the first years of an individual's life, extended time in public institutions and frequent changes in primary caregivers have a negative impact on personality development.

In 1969, the first of Bowlby's three major books on attachment appeared, which dealt with the connection between infants and caregivers, a groundbreaking idea that attachment does not come from the mother's feeding behavior and human drives, but is part of the living system.

While it is present throughout the life course, it is most evident in early childhood, where children can only effectively explore their surroundings if they use their parents as a safe base. If the infant does not seek and maintain closeness to its caregivers, the helpless human infant will die.

Attachment is the tendency of infants and toddlers to seek and attempt to maintain an intimate physical and emotional connection with another person. It is an emotional bond, bond or lasting relationship that is gradually formed in the interaction between children and their parents.

Attachment in infants and young children is highlighted by the following three points:

1. Infants and young children are most willing to be with their attachment objects, and when they are with them, infants and young children can get the greatest comfort, comfort and satisfaction.

2. When infants and young children are in pain and uneasy, the attachment object can soothe them more than anyone else.

3. The attachment object makes the infant and young child feel safe.

Infants and toddlers are less afraid when they are attached to their partner; When they are afraid, they are most likely to have attachment behaviors and look for attachment partners.

Its application and impact:

Attachment studies have found that mothers are the first attachment partners of young children. The positive experiences of mothers in the process of interacting with young children help young children form a basic sense of trust in the world around them and themselves, and see their mothers as a safe base; This basic sense of trust forms an appropriate expectation of stressful events, knowing that they can be managed, even though they need to be faced and endured with effort.

A major theoretical trend in psychology emphasizes the major role that individual differences may play in coping with and adapting to the environment. In stressful situations, the attachment system is activated, and secure attachment may be an internal resource that helps individuals positively evaluate stressful situations, so that they can constructively resolve these events and improve their own health and resilience.

Moreover, individuals who are securely attached have a strong sense of self-efficacy.

and a sense of control over events, with the confidence to be able to seek outside help when needed. Insecure attachment reduces an individual's resilience in the event of stress and may be an intrinsic factor that leads to an individual's adjustment disorder and poor ability to deal with stressful events.

attachment, which means nostalgia; Reluctance to leave is generally defined as a special emotional relationship between a child and his caregiver (usually a parent). It arises from the interaction between young children and their caregivers' mother-child attachment and is an emotional bond and bond. In addition, there are song and clothing brands.

The theory was first proposed by the British psychoanalyst Bowbly (1969). During World War II, many children became orphans with no one to care for, and Bowlby found that these orphans who entered orphanages, although they were physically cared for, still showed severe psychological disorders, so he began with the concern about the psychological disorders of orphans in orphanages due to factors such as deprivation of maternal love, and on the basis of ecology and psychoanalysis, he proposed attachment theory. Bowlby argues that the internal working model between the individual and the caregiver is formed in the actual interaction between the individual and the attachment object, and this internal working model is an internal representation of the early attachment experience, and this internal representation of attachment becomes the prototype for young children to establish a "inner working model" about the concept of self and others.

The working model of attachment relationship is a cognitive-affective construct that is a psychological representation of the other and the self that develops in the process of interaction between the child's and caregiver's behavior. Children's attachment behavior to caregivers is not a secondary need, but is subordinate to an independent attachment motivation system. The object of attachment is not just a tool to alleviate the drive, it is an ultimate goal in itself.

Brehtartno (1992) proposes that young children develop an internal working model in their increasingly complex interactions with the people and objects around them, which internalizes the internal representation of the attachment object and themselves, as well as the relationship between the two. Under the guidance of this model, children build up their response patterns in different situations. Once formed, this behavior pattern has a strong tendency to maintain self-stability and will work in the subconscious of the actor (young children).

Dutch psychologist Vandenboom (1988) proposed a two-way model of attachment and exploratory behavior based on his predecessors and his own research. Her research demonstrates that factors that may influence attachment behavior in young children are: endogenous variables (such as irritability in young children's temperament), young children's internal working patterns, sensitivity to maternal responses, and two external factors (social support and stress) that influence maternal behavior.

Determining which attachment type you belong to will give you a better understanding of how you behave in a relationship, which in turn will sweeten your relationship. There is no need for us to apologize for the various requests we have made. There's nothing wrong with being emotionally excited, and you can be honest with each other and say Senshu:

I need someone to be there for me and for me to have something to lean on. "The potential partner's ability to reveal his or her ability to meet these needs in the future. If you're anxious or avoidant, there are some things you shouldn't do.

If you fall in love now, don't lose your temper at every turn, your partner doesn't return in time or comes home late, you should first think about what they may encounter that they can't get away with, instead of coming up and complaining.

Studies have found that avoidant and anxious tend to be attracted to each other, but each other's characteristics are further deteriorated, with vertical lines leading to anxious types falling into a never-ending anxiety spiral and craving to be close to each other, while avoidant types further choose to distance themselves. That's not to say they can't be happy, they need to work together to strengthen each other's feelings. Normally, both anxious and avoidant can be intimate with the safe type, making them a good pair.

If you're the anxious type, you may initially find the security type annoying because they don't give you exciting emotional ups and downs, but after a while, you'll find that living with this type of person is like discovering a gold mine.

If you are the evasive type, you need to learn to rely on and trust each other, so that they have a chance to discover their mistakes instead of choosing to be estranged. Don't make your former partner perfect, and don't wait for the so-called ideal partner. Only then will you be able to become more intimate with the other person.

The secure partner doesn't require you to give a lot for him, and you can become more independent. While we can learn a lot from the security type, that doesn't mean there won't be problems with the security type. Sometimes, they are overly tolerant of anxiety or distancing behavior, which is not conducive to the development of relationships.

More often than not, the safe type is able to have a magical effect on other people because they do exactly what the avoidant and anxious type wants. They are able to meet each other's needs and make them feel loved and secure.

Our basic attachment patterns are established at the age of 2.

Attachment is an important form of early parent-child relationship, which mainly begins to form when the child is about 18 months old.

Children's attachment types are mainly divided into secure attachment and avoidant attachment.

Pure agitated and ambivalent attachment (or adversarial attachment). Among them, the latter three are collectively referred to as "non-security sock love". To determine whether parents have established a secure attachment pattern with their children, we need to first have a general understanding of the manifestations of each attachment type.

Sometimes, your child may show a mixture of two or three types, depending on your child's condition and circumstances. Moreover, the study found that children's attachment style is not constant, and the type of attachment relationship formed before the age of 2 can still change the attachment status between children and adults through follow-up targeted educational activities.