The practice and recipe of homemade fertilizer, how to make your own fertilizer?

Here are some guidelines for making fertilizer for your home:

Food waste composting is the process of using microorganisms and small insects in nature to break down organic matter (food waste) in the presence of air and water. The final product is called food waste fertilizer, which is rich in easy-to-use phytonutrients that form part of a healthy soil. It is recommended to buy a bucket and wooden box for composting food waste.

It is best made on the balcony or outdoors. When the food waste compost is fermented, it will have a taste (mainly ammonia and hydrogen sulfide).

Kitchen waste composting mainly has the following conditions:

Carbon-containing organic matter such as dried leaves, wood chips, paper, peanut shells, melon seed shells, etc.

Nitrogenous organic compounds such as fruit and vegetable waste, coffee grounds, malt powder, etc.

1. Air 2. Appropriate amount of water 3. Treat kitchen waste and turn waste into treasure.

Easy 6 Steps:

1. Separate edible kitchen waste (vegetable peels, fruit peels, a small amount of wasted cooked food) into containers.

2. Collect the dried organic matter (dried leaves, sawdust) in a small container.

3. Take a box or a bucket and drill 4 5 different holes around the container to let air in.

4. Spread a layer of soil on the bottom.

5. Now start adding food waste alternately wet waste (vegetable and fruit skins) and dry waste (straw, sawdust, dry leaves).

6. Cover this container with plastic sheeting or wooden planks to help retain moisture and heat. Some advice Every few days, use a rake to turn the pile quickly to provide inflation. If you feel that the pile is too dry, sprinkle it with some water and make it moist.

Within 2-3 months, your food waste should start to form compost on dry, dark brown soil. There are also ready-made, kitted tools for food waste composting. With time and a little patience, you might enjoy composting food waste.

It is not recommended to use leftover meat, bones, leftovers, leftovers, etc. from food waste.

By sorting, ** and composting, a family of four can reduce waste by 1,000 kg to less than 100 kg per year. Imagine that 90% of all the garbage in Chennai disappeared overnight, a clean green city – and it will help you start your composting journey.

1. Waste vegetable leaves, melon peels, fish scales, waste bones, eggshells and moldy foods (peanuts, melon seeds, beans, bean flour) can be put into a small tank or small jar, and the appropriate amount of water can be used after high temperature fermentation and rotting. The above-mentioned waste can also be mixed with some old culture soil, add an appropriate amount of water and put it into a large plastic bag, and ferment after tying it tightly.

2. You can also dig a soil pit with a depth of 60-80 cm in the ground, pad 10 cm of furnace ash, and then put rotten vegetable leaves, poultry offal, scales, chicken and duck manure, chicken bones and fish bones, eggshells, meat waste and broken bones into the pit, cover the surface with a thin layer of pure soil, sprinkle some pesticides and cover it tightly, keep the pit moist during fermentation, and promote fertilizer decomposition. It is best to choose soil pit composting in autumn and winter, and it can be mixed into the culture soil as base fertilizer after the temperature rises in spring.

The ingredients of homemade fertilizer can be peanut shells, sunflower shells, banana peels, leaves, humus soil in the forest, sandy soil, chemical fertilizers, etc.; How? You can find an abandoned pot, first spread a layer of humus in the basin, and then spread a layer of cut peanut shells, banana peels, fertilizers, and then a layer of sand, and then a layer of humus, sunflower shells, banana peels, leaves, etc., and then a layer of humus, sand, so that layer by layer on three to four layers, cover with thicker humus, insert a hole with a wooden stick in the pot, pour water, put it in the field after three months of sun and night dew, and then fertilizer the configuration in the pot to see peanut shells, sunflower shells, and banana peelsIf it is not completely rotten, then put it in a pot to continue to rot, if it has completely rotted, pour out the configuration soil, flatten and dry it in a place that can get to the sun, and then put it in a bag for use when the flowers and trees are potted.

Fertilizer production methods include plant ash to make fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer to make, banana peel to make potassium fertilizer.

1. Make fertilizer from plant ash.

Tools: Dry leaves, dry wood, dead branches, fire.

Dry leaves, dry wood, and dead branches were burned to ashes by fire.

Grass ash contains a lot of potassium, which is a good potassium fertilizer, and can also improve the pH of the soil.

2. Nitrogen fertilizer production.

Tools: moldy beans, peanuts, melon seeds, leftover leaves, bean shells, melon peels, small jars, water, pots.

Crack and boil the moldy beans, peanuts, melon seeds, leftover leaves, bean shells, and melon peels, put them in a small jar and fill them with water, and then seal them to ferment and rot.

Hydrogen contains chlorophyll, which is necessary for plants to photosynthesize, so nitrogen fertilizer can promote photosynthesis in plants. Hydrogen is the main component of protein in crops, and it cannot be formed without nitrogen. Proper application of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the flourishing of tree foliage.

If there is a lack of hydrogen fertilizer, yellowing and thinning of the plants will occur.

3. Banana peel to make potassium fertilizer.

Tools: banana peel, scissors, trash can, dirt, water.

Cut the banana peel directly into small pieces, then find a slightly larger trash can, spread a layer of soil and then a layer of banana peel, add water, and finally seal the layer with soil, about a month or so.

Banana peels are very rich in potassium fertilizer, and they are also a fertilizer crop that is easy to rot. If you lack potassium fertilizer, you will get "hypochondriasis", which is easy to fall down, and is often plagued by bacteria and pests.

Introduction to fertilizers

Fertilizer refers to a class of substances that provide one or more essential nutrients for plants, improve soil properties and improve soil fertility levels, and is one of the material bases of agricultural production. It mainly includes ammonium phosphate fertilizers, macro-element water-soluble fertilizers, medium-element fertilizers, biological fertilizers, organic fertilizers, multi-dimensional field energy concentrated organic fertilizers, etc.

Methods of making homemade fertilizer: bones, rice washing water, tea or coffee grounds, egg shells. Formula: amine fresh fat, sodium renitrophenol, brassin.

1.Bone. We soak these leftover bones in water overnight, wash off the remaining salt on them, and then boil them in water for half an hour.

Bone meal is a well-known fertilizer among phosphate fertilizers, especially fish bones, which are rich in phosphorus, and bone meal is suitable for application as a base fertilizer when preparing soil.

It should be noted that the salt and oil of the bones must be cleaned, otherwise it will cause damage to the soil and directly lead to plant decay.

2.Rice water

Rice water is rich in potassium, must be decomposed before use, rice water should be placed in a well-lit place after bottling, pay attention to the bottle cap do not tighten, fully fermented for about one or two months can be used. In the later stage, you can also add a fresh peel to remove the smell.

3.Tea or coffee grounds

Tea grounds and coffee grounds are also good potassium fertilizers, add them to compost, pour in water and stir, and the slightly moist amount will be fine, and they can be used after about 3 months of decay.

4.Egg shells

Eggshells and bone meal have a similar effect, so the early treatment is more important. The eggshell must be cleaned, disinfected and then exposed to the sun and crushed into powder, which is a good eggshell fertilizer, and it can be absorbed immediately when mixed with the soil.

Recipe for homemade fertilizer:

1.Amine fresh fat

10 grams of 8% amine fresh fat (1500 times), 30 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (300-500 times), 15 kg of water, used for spraying foliage, each spraying interval is 10-15 days, spraying 2-3 times throughout the growth period, not only can adjust the growth of crops at any time, but also greatly improve crop yield, pay attention (due to the different content of amine fresh fat, it must be mixed with water in accordance with the packaging instructions when using).

2.Sodium syndiclate

4 grams of sodium dinitrophenol (4000 times), 30 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (300-500 times), mixed with 16 kg of water, spray the branches and leaves, or use 6000 times of sodium dinitrophenol + 1000 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate at the seedling stage for root irrigation. Sodium nitrate can also be used to compound other foliar fertilizers. The effect is very good.

3.Brassin

Brassin 3000 times (due to different ingredient content, be sure to mix with water in accordance with the packaging instructions) potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 times, in the crop growth period, spray once every 10-15 days, can also be used alone, according to multiple verifications, the increase in yield can reach more than 30%, especially for tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables, the maximum increase in yield of more than 100%, true or false can be verified by themselves.

Preparation of raw materials: the proportion of various crop straw, weeds, fallen leaves, etc. is about 1000 kilograms, adding 200-300 kilograms of manure and urine, 100-200 kilograms of water (the amount of water added depends on the dry and wet raw materials), each layer can be properly covered with a thin layer of soil, mainly playing the role of limestone, peat, etc.

In order to speed up decomposition, each layer can be inoculated with high-humidity decomposing fibrous bacteria (such as enzyme bacteria), if it is lacking, an appropriate amount of stove finches, mules and horse manure or old compost, deep culvert mud and fertile soil can be added to promote decomposition. However, the soil should not be too much, so as not to affect the decomposition and compost quality.

Taking organic compost as an example, the simple steps to make it are as follows:

1. Prepare probiotic activation solution. According to the probiotic stock solution: nutrients:

Water = 2:2:16 ratio to prepare 20 kg of probiotic activating solution.

The specific preparation is: first use a small amount of hot water to dissolve 2 kg of nutrients, then add cold water to reduce the temperature to 30-35, pour in 2 kg of probiotic stock solution, add enough water and stir well.

2.Prepare a "mixed diluent". Pour the 20 kg of probiotic activation solution obtained in the previous step into 100-150 kg of water (the water consumption depends on the dry and wet of the raw materials, and the water content can be controlled at 40-50% during stacking), and the water temperature should not exceed 30 or more.

3.Stack. Mix 1 ton of manure raw materials with straw and other prepared rolling materials and humus, pile them directly on the ground, generally pile them into a trapezoidal shape, no more than one meter high, no more than 5 meters wide at the bottom of the pile, spray probiotic "mixed diluent", stir evenly, and control the water content at 40-50%.

4. Carry out aerobic fermentation for a few days until the material temperature reaches 40-50 (generally 1-2 days in summer, about 3-5 days in spring and autumn), stack and compact, seal with plastic cloth or rainproof cloth (around to be compacted to prevent air leakage) for anaerobic fermentation.

5.Due to the different temperatures on the surface of the pile and the inside of the pile, the degree of fermentation and decay is different, and the pile should be poured in time. The number of stacking should be determined by the temperature in the reactor, generally starting from the stacking and reaching 60-65 when the temperature in the reactor reaches 60-65.

The temperature must be strictly controlled, when the temperature in the pile exceeds 70, it means that there is a shortage of water in the pile, and the water should be replenished in time to pour the pile, and the fermentation and decay should be continued; When the temperature in the pile is less than 40, it means that the moisture in the pile is too large, and the backing of the sail should also be carried out to reduce the moisture, and the number of times of the pile is generally not less than 2 times.

Note: 1) The amount of water added should be adjusted according to the humidity of the raw materials, and when it is dry, more water should be added when preparing the "mixed diluent", and the water consumption should be reduced; When spraying the "mixed diluent", it should also be noted that it can be sprayed several times to prevent too much water from being sprayed at one time.

2) Sealed fermentation. During anaerobic fermentation, if the seal is not tight, it is easy to enter the air and cause high temperature, which affects the quality of organic fertilizer.

3) Fermentation time and temperature. The general fermentation time is 20-25 days in spring and autumn, 15-20 days in summer, and 30-40 days in winter. The optimal ambient temperature for fermentation is 25-35.

4) Fermentation completion standard: the smell of fermented compost is koji flavor, and it is advisable not to smell.

1. Production of nitrogen fertilizer. Moldy and inedible beans, peanuts, melon seeds, castor beans, pick the remaining leaves, bean shells, melon peels or pigeon dung and expired milk powder and boil them, put them in a small jar and fill them with water, and then seal them to ferment and rot (if possible, sprinkle some pesticides). In order to allow it to rot as quickly as possible, it can be placed in a place exposed to the sun and increase the temperature.

When all these substances in the jar sink, and the water turns black and odorless (about 3-6 months), it means that it has been fermented and rotted. In summer, after 10 days, the upper layer of fertilizer water can be taken out for water use, which can be used as top dressing or directly used as base fertilizer, and then filled with water and then wet. The raw material residue can be mixed into the flower soil.

2. Production of phosphate fertilizer. Sheep's horns, pig's trotters, bones, fish intestines, poultry feces, fish belly, meat bones, fish bone spurs, fish scales, crab shells, shrimp shells, hair, nails, livestock hooves, miscellaneous bones, poured into the tank and added an appropriate amount of Gymboree starter (anaerobic type) after adding a small amount of water, the humidity is kept at 60%-70%, sealed, and can be mixed with water after a period of decay and fermentation.

3. The production of potash fertilizer. Drink the remaining residual tea, rice water, swill and grass ash water, and wash the milk bottle water. and so on are good potash fertilizers, which can be used directly to water flowers.

They all contain certain nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are used to water flowers and trees, which can not only maintain soil water, but also add nitrogen fertilizer and nutrients to plants, and promote the development of root systems.