The characteristics of bronze mirrors in the Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, and Song Dynasty, how to ide

You can touch the material. ( Trouble set to praise, thank you).

The bronze mirror of the Han Dynasty gradually became thicker and heavier, and the buttons were mostly hemispherical, and the patterns were not only geometric patterns, but also gods and beasts. In the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a new relief portrait mirror was created.

The mirror body of the bronze mirror of the Han Dynasty is mostly round, with large round buttons, round or square button bases, wide edges, and the theme decoration is mostly semi-relief, and the themes are varied. The southern ornamentation is dominated by the mirror of the divine beast, the mirror of the portrait, and the mirror of the beast; In the north, it is mainly dominated by persimmon arc pattern, checkered regular pattern, panlong pattern, kui phoenix pattern and animal head pattern. The regular pattern mirror was most popular in the late Western Han Dynasty, Xinmang and Eastern Han dynasties, and the back of the mirror was often decorated with round breasts, four gods, feathered people, dragons and tigers, or geometric patterns.

The back of the mirror of the grass leaf pattern mirror is mainly grass leaf pattern, and the common ones are eight leaves, four leaves, and some have both four breasts, cockroaches and regular patterns. The edges are mostly decorated with continuous arc patterns, with 16 consecutive arcs being the most. The main production area of the divine beast pattern mirror is in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, which began in the Eastern Han Dynasty and prevailed in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

The ornamentation on the back of the mirror is usually composed of gods and beasts such as the East Prince, the West Queen Mother, etc., most of them are high reliefs, and some of them have rhyme inscriptions or years on them, and the production is very exquisite. In 1974, the No. 3 Han tomb of the hydropower warehouse construction site in Anhui Province unearthed a bronze mirror with the portrait of the East Prince, the West Queen Mother, round, round buttons, small beaded button seats, there is an inscription belt outside the seat, and the four corners of the double-line square frame are exposed under the belt, and the inscription is "Du's mirror is clear and clear, the article caused by the famous worker, serve this mirror, Fu Shouchang, ten men and five women are not young, and there is nothing to do, such as Hou Wang." Outside, there are four breast nails to divide the main ornament into four areas, which are decorated with the green dragon, the white tiger, the prince of the east, the queen mother of the west, the standing attendant, and the kneeling feather man.

The wide edge has zigzag, string and moire.

Summary. There are many bronze mirrors in the Tang Dynasty, some of which have been unearthed and some have been handed down. The bronze mirrors of the Tang Dynasty have broken through the Han style mirrors in terms of shape, such as sunflower mirrors, diamond mirrors, square sub-shaped mirrors, etc.

There are many bronze mirrors in the Tang Dynasty, some of which have been unearthed and some have been handed down. The bronze mirror of the Tang Dynasty has broken through the Han style mirror Wu Ziwei in the Qi Xun type, such as sunflower mirrors, rhombic mirrors, square sub-shaped mirrors, etc.

In addition to the traditional ornaments such as beasts, birds and beasts, portraits, and inscriptions, the patterns also add the grape pattern of sea beasts that express Western themes, and the polo pattern that expresses real life. The Tang Dynasty bronze mirror's slow smile ornament and overall cloth scrambling chain contain a bureau, which also broke through the early program norms. Although the composition of the bronze mirror is still a wrapping and symmetrical expression, the layout is fresh and clear, smooth and gorgeous, free and lively, especially the high relief technique, full of vitality, soft and natural.

The mirror is an ordinary item in everyone's life, it is not only a good special tool, but also has technical and expressive power, for many people, it is necessary to comb their own surface according to it every day, especially for the ancients. Due to the limitations of industrial production, the ancients had only mirrors made of copper for thousands of yearsTherefore, the bronze mirror bears a thick culture and art in the progress of time, especially in the Tang Dynasty, which is more strongly embodied. What characteristics did it exhibit during this period, and what factors did it promote?

To be familiar with this, you must gradually grasp it from its origins.

Bronze mirror culture and art that began in the Bronze Age, in ancient China can be described as broad and profound, but at the beginning only the upper class of society had the "baby" as early as the pre-Qin era, it has happened in everyone's life, when brass is understood and applied by everyone, it is also developed and designed as a mirror side. Because of the preciousness of this kind of material, it was only used by the top level personnel at that time, and it was a key item used for worship, and it was given the expectation of Tengtu. At this time, the mirror style was very simple, and the oak Yu looked relatively rough and clumsy, and ordinary people did not have the opportunity to adopt it.

It was generally touched by the masses in the Western Han Dynasty, when the high-spirited items were owned by the people, and the production and processing skills were further improved with the strong support of the laborers.

The superintendent may collect water in the bright moon, because he may do so." Everyone's imagination is unlimited, it allows everyone to appreciate the beauty in the mirror, and people's affection for beauty is gradually mellowing. The reverse side of it can be used to reflect the skin such as filial piety, and the other side has a mirror button, and everyone fully embodies the perception and longing for life on the reverse side.

The inner world is harmed by the living environment, at this time, everyone likes to engrave runes on the back of the mirror, and most of the messages of the text are placed on the sincere emotions of the characters, if they are used to send them out, or widely spread to future generations, the text above can better show the blessings and wishes of the owners. Other skills were also reflected at this time, but they did not enter a stable situation, which also had a lot to do with the unstable social status quo at that time, but it was in the fashion of folk customs, and laid a solid foundation for the liveliness of future generations.

The Tang Dynasty bronze mirror has a very great improvement and independent innovation in the processing technology, pattern design, specific content, modeling design and decoration design. In the past, the mirror glass of copper mirrors did not look clear due to the use of brass, but the copper mirrors of the Tang Dynasty increased the proportion of tin and silver in alloy copper, making the mirror glass clearer. In the past, the bronze mirror mostly selected traditional patterns such as mythical beasts, beasts, portraits, etc., and the pattern design of the bronze mirror in the Tang Dynasty was more diverse, gorgeous and colorful, not only produced flowers, birds, fish and insects mirrors, Rui old flower mirrors, heroic deeds mirrors, dragon mirrors, phoenix mirrors, etc., but also absorbed popular culture.

The reason why the bronze mirror of Lu Fengji in the Tang Dynasty can prosper and develop is because its base content is relatively rich, and the shape of the morning socks is also relatively curved, the style is particularly many, and the decoration is also designed to be particularly generous, giving people a feeling of simplicity and elegance.

Because the bronze mirror of the Tang Dynasty is very beautiful, the copper mirror is particularly clear, and it is relatively cheap, so it will prosper.

It was because it was very beautifully made at that time, and it was able to play a particularly good role, so it was able to prosper.

The bronze mirror of the Tang Dynasty is generally thicker and heavier, the mirror body is mostly silvery-white, the surface is uniform, the pattern is clear, and the mirror surface is slightly convex outward, which can illuminate the whole human face. The large bronze mirror can reach more than 65cm, and the small one is only 4cm; The heaviest ones weigh thousands of grams, and the smaller ones weigh only a few hundred grams. In 1986, Anhui Hefei unearthed a gossip pattern mirror, for the "Asia" character shape, round button, diamond-shaped button seat, outside the seat for the square fold ring column gossip map, with a double line string pattern framed inside, the outer four sides of each have 4 characters seal inscription "heaven and earth contain gas, the sun and the moon are bright, write all things, insight into the lark."

Plain flat edge, long side, mirror light shines. The Shuangluan ribbon mirror is one of the most popular bronze mirrors in the Tang Dynasty, and the common mirror back decoration is Shuangluan (a symbol of auspicious birds in folklore) with a long ribbon at the mouth, stepping on flower branches or stepping on Ruiyun, and with bract flowers, moon, flowing clouds, running beasts, flowers and birds, etc. In addition, the common bronze mirrors in the Tang Dynasty also include parrot ribbon mirrors, gold-pasted silver-plated mirrors, gold and silver flat phoenix flower and bird mirrors, turtle mirrors, peacock pattern mirrors, grape animal mirrors, polo pattern mirrors, hunting pattern mirrors, moon palace Chang'e pattern mirrors, coiling dragon mirrors, flying fairy pattern mirrors, etc.

The bronze mirror of the Song Dynasty is practical and not yet decorative. In addition to the popular round, square, sunflower-shaped, sub-shaped, and rhombic shape, it has also created a variety of forms such as shank-shaped, chicken-heart-shaped, rectangular, shield-shaped, bell-shaped, and tripod-shaped. Due to the thin fetal quality, the fine line shallow carving method is mostly used, and the zigzag pattern, rope pattern, and folded line pattern that were popular in the Han and Wei dynasties have been extinct, and they are replaced by bead patterns.

The Song Dynasty's cast mirror production area to Huzhou, Raozhou and Chengdu as the center, the copper mirror produced by the handle is many, and all plain without lines, the mirror inscription to the font number trademark is more, the name of the state is often crowned before the font size, the surname, by the official strict management of the production, there is a carved paragraph can be carried.