How to prevent and control edible fungi and insect pests, and what are the economic benefits of edib

1. Pay attention to the management of the production environment and control the source of pests and diseases. The mushroom house should be selected in a place with a good environment, away from the source of pest and disease breeding; Inside and outside the mushroom room, environmental sanitation should be strengthened to prevent breeding of diseases and insects; Strengthen preventive measures in the mushroom room, such as installing insect nets, etc., to block the passage of pests and diseases into the mushroom room; Operators should change into work clothes, wear work hats and masks when entering the studio, and disinfect their hands to prevent pathogenic bacteria and pests from being brought into the studio.

2. Strict disinfection of mushroom rooms to prevent pests and diseases. There are two ways to disinfect the mushroom room, one is to fumigate with the agent before the mushroom bag enters the mushroom room, and the other is to remove the film and disinfect the mushroom room in the summer when it is idle in the summer, and the tools used should also be strictly disinfected; Cultivation waste should be disposed of in time, polluted materials should be destroyed immediately, and other waste materials can be used as fertilizer, feed or biogas raw materials, and should not be piled up indiscriminately.

3. Strengthen the management of mushroom houses to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. By adjusting the temperature, humidity, ventilation and light of the mushroom room, the environment conducive to the growth of edible fungi and the reproduction and growth of miscellaneous fungi and insect pests is created to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. In addition, black lights are installed in the mushroom room and the phototaxis of pests is used to trap and kill insects.

Fourth, strictly control the use of chemical pesticides. When chemical pesticides are used as a last resort, they must strictly control the use of high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue agents, and it is strictly forbidden to spray pesticides in the long mushroom stage.

Edible fungi and insect pests should be prevented. Prevention is better than cure. The cultivation environment is clean.

Good ventilation environment. In the high temperature season, follow the insect net. The culture material should be handled thoroughly.

Before cultivation, insecticides should be sprayed inside and outside the mushroom room. If conditions permit, insecticidal lamps can be installed in the mushroom room. Once insect pests occur, biological pesticides or high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides can be used locally for treatment.

Summary. The production of edible fungi has the characteristics of short cycle, low investment, quick effect and high efficiency, and has become an advantageous industry in some places, which has played a positive role in promoting the development of rural economy and increasing farmers' income. With the rapid development of the edible fungus industry and the continuous increase of the cultivation scale of edible fungi, the occurrence of edible fungus diseases and insect pests is becoming more and more serious, which has become an important reason restricting its development.

According to Li Wei of Liaoyang Edible Fungi Research Institute, pests and diseases have a serious impact on the yield of edible fungi on the one hand, with general losses of 20% and 30% of the total output, and more than 50% in serious cases, and even no harvest; On the other hand, pests and diseases have reduced the quality of edible mushroom products and greatly reduced economic benefits, which has seriously dampened the production enthusiasm of mushroom farmers. The "Notice on Effectively Strengthening the Supervision and Administration of Edible Fungi Production and Drug Use" issued by the Planting Industry Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on August 14, 2019 pointed out that the phenomenon of indiscriminate drug use and drug abuse by farmers in the production process of edible fungi is relatively common, and the problem of insufficient law enforcement and supervision is still prominent, which seriously threatens the safety of edible fungus production and the quality and safety of agricultural products.

The production of edible fungi has the characteristics of short cycle, low investment, quick effect and high efficiency, and has become an advantageous industry in some places, which has played a positive role in promoting the development of rural economy and increasing farmers' income. With the rapid development of the edible fungus industry and the continuous increase of the cultivation scale of edible fungi, the occurrence of edible fungus diseases and insect pests is becoming more and more serious, which has become an important reason for the collapse of the beam restricting its development. According to Li Weimao of Liaoyang Edible Fungi Research Institute, pests and diseases have a serious impact on the yield of edible fungi on the one hand, with a general loss of 20% to 30% of the total output, and more than 50% in serious cases. On the other hand, pests and diseases have reduced the quality of edible mushroom products and greatly reduced economic benefits, which has seriously dampened the production enthusiasm of mushroom farmers.

The "Notice on Effectively Strengthening the Supervision and Administration of Edible Fungi Production and Drug Use" issued by the Planting Industry Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on August 14, 2019 pointed out that the phenomenon of indiscriminate drug use and drug abuse by farmers in the production process of edible fungi is relatively common, and the problem of insufficient law enforcement and supervision is still prominent, which seriously threatens the safety of edible fungus production and the quality and safety of agricultural products.

What I want is the economic benefits after prevention and control.

Good. The loss of one-year-old rent is 20% to 30% of the total output, and it is more than 50% when it is severe, and even the harvest is out of production; On the other hand, pests and diseases have reduced the quality of edible mushroom products and greatly reduced economic benefits, which has seriously dampened the production enthusiasm of mushroom farmers.

Okay. This is what it is after the prevention and treatment.

Kiss hello 1Choose excellent varieties and high-quality strains. It is suitable for local cultivation conditions and has strong resistance to pests and diseases.

In addition, bacteria can also be used to improve disease and insect resistance. 2.Choose high-quality raw materials.

The selection and preparation of fresh, dry, non-mildew, non-moth-eaten raw materials and substrates are used to fully consider the growth and development needs of varieties, so as to inhibit bacteria and improve disease resistance. At the same time, it should be done well in the storage and storage of the wide and flat quality of the medium brigade to prevent it from being drenched in the rainwater, which will lead to mildew and deterioration. 3.

The mushroom house should be kept away from feedlots, garbage and manure tanks, close to water sources, ventilated sunlight, doors, windows and vents. Before planting mushrooms, the mushroom house should be thoroughly dismantled and cleaned and disinfected. Waste from production must be removed from the mushroom house, where there is no clutter, no sewage, and no garbage.

4.The rules of action are strictly enforced. In particular, the inoculation process, production sites, tools, strains and substrate packaging should be carefully disinfected by vaccinators, ensured under aseptic operating conditions, and required to be fast and efficient.

5.Create optimal growing conditions. In cultivation management, based on the needs of its growth and development conditions, each temperature, humidity, light, pH, nutrition, and ventilation conditions should be scientifically managed, so that the environmental conditions are suitable for the growth and development of varieties, so as to reduce the breeding of pests and diseases.

Hello dear. First, clean up the environment and destroy the source of miscellaneous fungus breeding. In addition to the sanitary cleaning of the grass piles, garbage, ditches, etc. around the production site, it is best to have no toilets and farms within 200 meters of the mushroom shed.

For the prevention and control of miscellaneous bacteria, Saibai 09 can generally be sprayed, and it can be used alternately with lead disease silly to ensure the prevention effect. Second, standardize the operation and do not let the bacteria enter the base material. It is mainly a good sterilization and inoculation link when cultivating strains or clinker, which requires standardized operation and no flushing operation to prevent miscellaneous bacteria from entering the base material.

Third, we should strictly eliminate miscellaneous and be vigilant against "fish that slip through the net". Practice has proved that even if the conditions are good, experienced and rigorous, it is inevitable that miscellaneous bacteria contamination will occur in the germination, so we must pay attention to the "inspection and removal" process in the germination and post-ripening culture, the purpose is to cultivate the mycelium with high purity in the base material, and lay a good foundation for the mushroom.