How to understand the historical role of science and technology

1. The rise of modern science and technology.

The mid-15th century was an important period of transition in European history. The bourgeois revolution provided the social conditions for the birth of modern natural science. At the same time, science itself has waged an indomitable struggle to gain its own independent status and free from the shackles of religion.

The rise of experimental science has given natural science an independent practical basis.

2. The first industrial revolution.

The main reason or political premise for the first industrial revolution to take place in Britain was that the rule of the bourgeoisie in Britain was gradually established and strengthened day by day; Through the enclosure movement, Britain generated and gathered a large number of laborers, and at the same time expanded the British domestic market; Years of overseas ** and colonial expansion have accumulated original capital for the return of the United Kingdom, providing a broad raw material and overseas market.

3. The Century of Science.

The century of science refers to the 19th century, when modern science flourished in all its aspects. The scale and maturity of scientific development in the 19th century far exceeded that of the scientific revolution in the 17th century, and major breakthroughs were made in thermodynamics, optics, electromagnetism, chemistry, geology, biology, anthropology and other disciplines, and most of them entered a new stage of theoretical synthesis.

Science is the sum total of all the technical aspects and a lot of theoretical knowledge that human beings are currently exposed to. It is also a tool to help human progress, to help people study historical truths, and to expose some truths and phenomena.

First, because science is a tool that helps humanity progress

Science is a big concept, just like we say that fruits, including many kinds, in fact, science contains many kinds, including biochemistry and so on. The reason why he has been able to play so much in the history of mankind is that he has exposed certain truths that we humans know about the rapid progress that can be made later. It has contributed to a lot of tools that can help the development of human society to achieve a more efficient production.

It is what human beings have researched to help them progress faster and better, so the purpose of its production is this, so it can play so many roles in human history.

Second, science is a powerful **

In any way, science is the most powerful human being, and the ability to use science is also a dividing line between us humans and other animals in society. We use scienceBecause humans have a unique ability to think and do, we have created a lot of scientific tools and theories. Human beings can be greatly improved in thought, behavior, and action, and this is one of the biggest roles that science has played in human history, which is to divide humans and other animals more and more obviously, and the gap is getting wider and wider.

3. Science enlightens people and makes them powerful partners

Take a very simple example of scientific thinking, which can enable human beings to constantly pursue a more efficient and reasonable way of life and way of thinking. Sometimes we just rely on instinct to survive, but once we have the idea of scientific pursuit of efficiency, we will explore more and better methods in the future, which is an aspect of helping human progress, so after having this way of thinking, the scientific way of thinking has prompted us to create a lot of scientific tools, which are also greatly in practical life, helping us human progress and promoting human evolution.

I think that it is because of the birth of science that human beings have been able to go so far, and science has promoted labor productivity and improved people's production and living standards. In the history of mankind, there have been many famous scientists, such as Newton, Galileo and so on. The scientific conclusions they bring through practice have promoted the process of human civilization, so I think the role of science is very powerful.

Science is a theory of knowledge based on the ability to explain a phenomenon, and it is knowledge that has been systematized and formulated. Able to systematically explain the emergence of a phenomenon.

Science is an advanced productive force. Because science and technology promote human progress and development. It is precisely because of the power of science and technology that mankind has entered the industrial revolution.

and the scientific and technological revolution. Changed the way classes survive. and the way of life.

Increased human lifespan. Liberated human hands.

The history of science and technology is a discipline that describes and explains the process of the generation, development and systematization of science and technology, as well as the historical interaction between it and various social fields such as politics, military, economy, industry, culture, religion, and philosophy.

The history of science and technology is a first-level discipline of science, and its research scope covers the four disciplines of science, engineering, agriculture and medicine, mainly including the history of science, the history of technology, the history of agriculture, the history of medicine, the archaeology of science and technology and the protection of cultural heritage, science and technology and society.

The history of science and technology comprehensively uses the relevant methods of natural science, technical science, and humanities and social sciences, and takes documentary materials and physical remains as the research content to reveal the regularity of scientific development.

History of Science and Technology in China:

The history of Chinese science is a set of Chinese history with scientific development as the main axis. The history of Chinese science can be combined with the history of Chinese thought, complementing each other, and is an important part of the history of world science and culture. Chinese science sprouted in the pre-Qin period, and was inspired by the Mohists who focused on logical debate, epistemology, and geometry among the philosophers of the time, as well as the famous scholars who attached great importance to debate.

The popularization of papermaking in the Han Dynasty provided the conditions, so that the scientific thought and knowledge and dialectics of the predecessors were preserved through paper, and the later generations had to improve the scientific works of the predecessors, or overturn them through dialectic, forming a set of empirical scientific traditions. By the time of the Sui, Tang and Song dynasties, China had long been a world leader in science.

However, due to modern historical reasons, many ancient Chinese scientific works have been lost or lost overseas, which is not conducive to the excavation and sorting of Chinese science history. The loss and loss of scientific works even led later historians to think that there was no science in China.

1) Science is people's knowledge system about nature, society and thinking, and technology is the application of natural science knowledge in the production process. Although science and technology are not independent elements of the productive forces, when they penetrate into the three basic elements of the productive forces, they will cause major changes in the means of production, the objects of labor, and the laborers, and transform them into direct productive forces, thus promoting the rapid development of social production.

2) In modern society, science and technology are not only the general productive forces, but also the primary productive forces. Because:

Science and technology have become the most important factor in the development of productive forces. In ancient times, the development of production and economic growth mainly depended on people's manual labor; In modern times, the main factors for the improvement of labor productivity and economic growth are still the input of capital, labor and resources; In contemporary times, science and technology factors account for more than half of the economic growth of developed countries, and in some regions and sectors, it is as high as 60 percent90％.

Thus, scientific and technological factors have become one of the basic characteristics that distinguish them from the productive forces of ancient and modern times.

Science and technology have penetrated into all elements of productive forces in an all-round way. Whether it is the improvement of laborers' skills, the reform and innovation of labor tools, the development of labor objects, or the rational allocation of various factors of productive forces, the optimal organization and management of production activities are all realized through the role of science and technology. Science and technology have been integrated with production and have become a major lever for promoting the development of productive forces.

Science and technology play a leading and advanced role in the development of production in modern society. The status and role of science and technology in economic and social development are becoming more and more important, and in a certain sense, it has become a "decisive factor" restricting economic and social development

3) The guiding significance of socialist construction.

It is proposed that science and technology are the primary productive forces, which is a major contribution to the advancement of historical materialist theory with the times.

Science and technology are the primary productive forces, and the key to China's modernization lies in the modernization of science and technology, which requires us to elevate the development of science and technology to a strategic position and understand the importance of "rejuvenating the country through science and education."

The tremendous role of modern science and technology in promoting the development of productive forces requires that China's economic construction must rely on science and technology, give play to the role of scientific and technological personnel, apply scientific and technological achievements to production, and transform them into real productive forces. Science and technology are the primary productive forces, and China must develop a high-tech knowledge-based economy, so that the grand goal of China's socialist modernization can be realized at an early date.