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Scientific management theory describes the application of scientific methods to determine the "best way" to do a job. It can be summarized as: science, not just experience; Harmony, not cooperation; cooperation, not individualism; To maximize the output, replace the limited output, everyone to play the greatest work efficiency, the greatest success, is to replace the low-cost production mode with high-efficiency production mode, in order to strengthen the control of labor costs.
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Scientific Management Theory.
The purpose of scientific management is to improve labor productivity. An important means of improving labor productivity is to replace the traditional management method with the method of scientific management. The core of scientific management is a thorough ideological revolution between labor and management psychologically and spiritually.
The theory of scientific management separates the planning function from the executive function, and replaces the traditional method of working on experience with scientific working methods. Labor productivity is not only affected by factors such as workers' labor attitudes, work quotas, operating methods, and wage systems, but also by the organization and command of managers.
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These three conclusions constitute the main content of the early theory of human relations, and are also the basic theoretical basis of the later behavioral science. how to improve labor productivity; The latter, represented by Fayol and Weber, focuses on the overall operation of large enterprises.
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1.Commodity Two Factor Commodities are labor products that can meet people's needs in exchange, and have two factors: use value and value. Use value refers to the attribute that a commodity can meet a certain need of people, that is, the usefulness of the commodity, which reflects the material relationship between man and nature, is the natural attribute of the commodity, and is the attribute common to all labor products.
Use value constitutes the material content of social wealth. Use value is the material bearer of value and exchange value.
Value is the undifferentiated general human labor condensed in commodities, that is, the expenditure of human mental and physical energy. Value is a unique social attribute of commodities, which essentially reflects a certain social relationship between producers. Value is the basis of exchange value, and exchange value is the manifestation of value.
It is not the use value of the commodity that determines the ratio of commodity exchange, but the value.
The relationship between the value of commodities and the use value of use is a relationship of unity of opposites. Its antagonism is manifested in the fact that the use value and value of commodities are mutually exclusive, and the two cannot be both.
Its unity is manifested in the fact that as a commodity, it must have both use value and value factors.
2.The duality of labor in the production of commodities can be divided into concrete labor and abstract labor. Concrete labor refers to the specific form of labor that produces a certain use value, that is, useful labor.
Abstract labor refers to the indiscriminate general human labor, that is, the exertion of human physical and mental power. Concrete labor and abstract labor are two provisions of the same labor. The duality of labor determines the duality of commodities.
Concrete labor forms the use value of commodities, but it is not the only source of use value; Abstract labor forms the value entity of the commodity and is the only source of value.
3.The reason why commodities with different value and use value can be exchanged in a certain proportion is because they all have value. It is not the individual labor time that determines the value of the commodity, but the socially necessary labor time.
The amount of value of a commodity is directly proportional to the labor time spent producing it, and inversely proportional to labor productivity. In addition, the amount of value of commodities is measured on the scale of simple labor.
4.The development of the form of money goes through four stages: the simple or accidental form of value, the sum or enlarged form of value, the general form of value, and the form of money.
The exchange of commodities is mediated by money, which is a commodity formed in the course of a long period of exchange that acts as a general equivalent. Money has five functions, namely, the measure of value, the means of circulation, the means of storage, the means of payment, and the world currency.
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From the perspective of commodity two factors, improving labor productivity has the following significance:
Increasing the productivity rate of workers can increase the level of workers' intake. Labor productivity refers to the number of items produced per unit of time, and if labor productivity increases, then workers can produce more goods in the same working hours, and therefore can earn more profits.
Improving labor productivity can improve the competitiveness of enterprises. The increase in labor productivity means that enterprises can produce more goods in the same working hours, so they can reduce production costs and improve production efficiency. In the market competition, enterprises can provide better goods and services, and improve their own competitiveness.
Increasing labor productivity can boost economic development. Increased labor productivity means that more goods can be supplied to consumers to meet consumer demand. At the same time, due to the improvement of labor productivity, the production cost of enterprises is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved, so it can attract more investment and promote the sustainable development of the economy.
In short, improving labor productivity is of great importance to workers, businesses, and the economy as a whole.
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Increasing labor productivity is of great economic importance. From the perspective of commodity two factors, improving labor productivity means that more goods can be produced in the same labor time. In this way, companies are able to produce more goods at a lower cost, which in turn improves their economic efficiency.
In addition, increasing labor productivity can also increase workers' earnings. When companies are able to produce more goods, they are able to sell more goods and thus earn more money. These revenues can be used to raise the wages of workers and thus their earnings.
In general, improving labor productivity is of great significance to both enterprises and workers. It can not only improve the economic efficiency of enterprises, but also improve the income of workers.
There are many ways to increase labor productivity. One common approach is to improve the skill level of workers so that they can do their jobs more efficiently. Another way is to improve the performance of production equipment and make the production process more efficient.
Technological means, such as artificial intelligence and big data, can also be used to improve production efficiency.
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Answer]: BThe increase in agricultural labor productivity means that Duan Hefang produces more round agricultural products in less time, reducing the labor consumption per unit of agricultural products, and the higher the productivity, the lower the value of the unit product.
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The factors that determine and affect the level of labor productivity are mainly as follows:
1) The average proficiency of the laborer. The higher the average digging proficiency of a worker, the higher the labor productivity.
2) The level of development of science and technology and the degree of its application in production. The more science and technology are developed and continuously applied to the production process, the more they can promote the improvement of labor productivity.
3) The form of social organization of the production process, including labor organization and production management, plays a significant role in labor productivity.
4) The quality and efficiency of the means of production. Whether the quantity of the means of production is sufficient, and how high the quality and efficiency are, directly determines the labor productivity.
5) Natural conditions, including the use of natural resources and natural forces, have a great influence on the level of agricultural labor productivity.
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1. Economic investment in human resources.
3. Reasonable organization and allocation of personnel.
3. Through education and training, improve the quality of employees in the jujube industry.
1. Improve the ability of enterprises to innovate independently.
2. Optimize the industrial structure.
3. Adjust the optimal allocation of resources.
4. Vigorously develop productive forces before demolition.
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Labour productivity.
The situation is caused by the social rotten productivity.
The level of development is determined.
Gu Qi Senti said that the main factors that determine the level of labor productivity are:
The average proficiency level of the laborer. The higher the average proficiency level of a worker, the higher the labor productivity. The average proficiency of workers refers not only to the actual operation of labor, but also to the acceptance of new production technologies by workers.
means, adapted to labor productivity.
Ability for new processes.
The degree of development of science and technology. The more science and technology develop, and the more widely it is used in the production process, the higher the productivity of labor.
Organization and management of the production process. It mainly includes the division of laborers, cooperation and labor combination in the production process, as well as the corresponding technological procedures and economic management methods.
Production. scale and efficiency. It mainly refers to the degree of effective use of labor tools, the degree of utilization of raw materials and power fuels, etc.
Natural conditions. It mainly includes geological status, resource distribution, mineral product level, climatic conditions and soil fertility related to social production.
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The higher the labor productivity, the higher the (Answer).
a.The smaller the number of goods produced per unit of time.
b.The more socially necessary hours are required to produce each commodity.
c.The greater the amount of value per unit of goods.
d.The more affordable the unit of goods.
Correct answer: d
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Hello dear, the improvement of labor productivity depends on what interpersonal relationships belong to, and the assumptions are as follows: (1) Employees are social beings. "Social man" is the basic assumption of human nature in the theory of human relations. This assumption holds that human beings have not only economic and material needs, but also social and psychological needs.
2) There is a non-confessional formal organization in the formal organization. The so-called formal organization is a certain organizational system that stipulates the mutual relationship and scope of responsibilities between the members of the enterprise in order to effectively achieve the goals of the enterprise in order to effectively achieve the goals of the enterprise. Under the cover of formal legal relations, there is a more complex system of relationships composed of informal groups.
It is interdependent with formal organizations and has a great impact on productivity gains. (3) The management ability of the new type of manager is to improve the satisfaction of employees. Working conditions and wages are not the primary factors that determine the level of production efficiency, the primary factor is the morale of workers, and the morale of workers is related to the satisfaction rate.
The higher the worker satisfaction rate, the more productive it will be. The management ability of the new type of manager is to improve the satisfaction of employees, so as to boost the morale of employees and improve labor productivity.
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Basic methods for improving labor productivity:Continuously increase the investment in science and technology for production design and production.
Relying on scientific and technological progress, we will continue to save energy and materials, reduce the consumption of physical labor, and improve labor productivity.
Adopt modern management methods.
Division of labor and cooperation, improve attendance, effective working hour utilization, and consolidate labor discipline.
Continuously improve the overall quality and work skills of workers.
Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of workers.
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Labour productivity.
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