What are the expressions of the Book of Songs? How can we read the Book of Songs?

What are the expressions of the Book of Songs? How can we read the Book of Songs? Fu, Bi and Xing are the three unique artistic expressions in the Book of Songs.

The Book of Songs is an ancient Chinese poem.

It is also the earliest collection of poems. The Book of Songs as a whole is the Zhou Dynasty.

An image of Chinese social life during the 500 years of its rise and fall. Among them are the ode to the founding of the ancestors, the movement to worship ghosts and gods, the resentment of the uneven work and rest of the aristocracy, and some moving articles reflecting labor and hunting and a lot of love, marriage, and social customs.

Fu, Bi, and Xing are the three unique artistic expressions in the Book of Songs, which can be flexibly used in many chapters of the Book of Songs. At the same time, Fu, Bi and Xing also embody the poetic art of the Book of Songs, which has played a huge role in constructing poetic spring, creating poetic artistic conception, and expressing poets' feelings, and has had a significant impact on later generations. The earliest mention of "endowment, comparison, and prosperity" is "Li Zhou-Guanchun":

One surname teaches six poems, namely Rifeng, Rifu, Ribi, Yuexing, Riya, Song Yue, and Liu De.

Based on the six rhythms, the tone is the hexagram. The "six poems" here refer to the ** songs with six melodies combined. Later generations regarded "endowment, comparison, and rejuvenation" as the three typical manifestations of the Book of Songs.

Xing" is what Zhu said: "Xing people, first say something else that causes them to recite." "Xing" means "qi", which is a token of love, sustenance, and association.

Its role is implicit, and it means that there are endless words and meanings. Some emotions can easily get tired if they are expressed straightforwardly. Embedding emotions in the image will make the reader unconsciously infected from the image, producing infinite effects, such as "I have been, willow."

cling to me; Today I feel like it's raining and snowing. If you give up the scenery, you say, "It's spring when you go, it's winter when you come." "What's the point?

Zhu's interpretation of "comparison" is "comparing one thing with another", that is, metaphor. Similes and metaphors fall into this category. There are many places where metaphors are used in the Book of Songs, and the techniques are also varied. For example, "Meng" compares the ups and downs of love to a mulberry tree.

change from exuberant to withering; He Ming said, "The stones of other mountains can attack jade."

The metaphor is to rule the country with sages; "Shuoren.

The use of "women's body" as a metaphor for a beauty's hands, "clotted fat" as a metaphor for a beauty's **, and "fairy" as a metaphor for a beauty's teeth are all good examples of the use of "bi" in the "Book of Songs".

The Song Dynasty poet Zhu defined Fu, Bi, and Xing as follows: "The endowed, the thing that is given, the straightforward words", "the comparator, the time when other things are compared with this thing", "the one who is excited, the preface of other things, and the words that are sung in order to provoke". In short, Fu is a straightforward narrative in which the poet directly expresses what he wants to express and his thoughts and feelings.

It's a metaphor. It just arouses interest, evokes associations, and sets off the atmosphere of rendering. The expression "Xing" is generally used at the beginning of a poem or a chapter, that is, the poet touches the scene.

Start by writing about the surrounding scenery in a sentence or two to elicit the following. It can play the role of allegorical, associative, symbolic, and atmospheric setting.

There are three kinds of expressions in the Book of Songs: "Fu, Compare, and Xing".

1. Fu is to lay out the direct narrative, that is, the poet expresses the thoughts and feelings and related things in a straightforward manner.

2. Comparison is an analogy, comparing this thing with another thing, the poet has the ability or emotion, and uses a thing as a metaphor.

3. Xing is touching things and words, objective things trigger the poet's emotions and cause the poet to sing, so most of them are at the beginning of poetry.

First of all, it is recommended that you buy a relatively thin, simple guide to read, and then read the original text after you have a general meaning in mind. Of course, it is possible to read it with interest, and read it in the last breath, not every other 10 days and half a month.

The expression technique of the Book of Poetry is Fu Bixing, Fu: flat and straightforward, laying out, and arranging. Equivalent to today's rhetorical method of analogy, than:

Analogy. Pictorial metaphors for people or objects make their characteristics more distinctive. Xing:

Something else starts with what is to be sung. If you want to read the Book of Poetry well, you must learn to read and understand it with the help of the explanations of reference books.

For the "Book of Songs", its expression techniques are Fu, Bi, Xing three kinds, attached to the main is the relevant direct narrative, so as to express some of the central ideas, the pen refers to the analogy, and Xing is to objectively express the relative emotions of the poet; If you want to read the Book of Poetry effectively, you must chant it aloud, and you must integrate it into it to grasp the central idea of the text.

There are three kinds of expressions in the Book of Songs: "Fu, Compare, and Xing".

1. "Compare", in Zhu Xi's explanation, is "comparing this thing with other things", which is the meaning of metaphor. There are many places where metaphors are used in the Book of Songs, and the techniques are also full of variations.

2. Xing is to borrow other things to elicit the meaning of this thing, which is equivalent to the current symbolic rhetorical method. The "xing" in the "Book of Songs", according to Zhu Xi's interpretation, is "to foretell other things to cause the words to be sung", that is, to use other things to pave the way for the content of the sung.

It is often used at the beginning of a poem or chapter of poetry. Sometimes when a sentence in a poem seems to be exciting, you can use whether it is used at the beginning of the sentence or paragraph to determine whether it is exciting. For example, in the Weifeng Gangster, "the mulberry has not fallen, and its Ye Woruo" is Xing. .

About the most primitive "Xing" is just a kind of origin, which has no meaningful relationship with the following, showing the gratuitous drift of thoughts and associations.

3. Fu is to lay out the direct narrative, that is, people express their thoughts and feelings and related things in a straightforward manner. In longer poems, the arrangement and arrangement are often combined. The paving system composes a series of closely related landscape images, state of affairs, characters and character behaviors into a group of sentences with basically the same structure and tone in a certain order.

It can not only be vividly and delicately laid out, but also can concentrate and enhance the tone in one go, and can also render a certain environment, atmosphere and mood. Fu is the most basic expression technique, Fu in the Xing, or after the Xing and then use Fu. In the fu body, especially in the rich and gorgeous Han Fu, the fu method is widely used.

Han Yuefu and some five-character poems of the Han Dynasty also influenced each other with the Han Fu, and combined the layout with the arrangement to complement each other.

The expressive techniques in the "Book of Songs" are endowment, comparison, and xing

The Book of Poetry created the basic technique of ancient Chinese poetry creation, in which "Fu" refers to the direct expression of thoughts, feelings and related things"It refers to the metaphor that the poet uses things as metaphors, and "xing" refers to touching things and words, that is, objective things trigger the poet's emotions.

The earliest record of the first poetry collection "Book of Songs" is the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the latest works produced are in the Spring and Autumn Period, with a year span of about five or six hundred years.

The expressive techniques commonly used in the Book of Poetry are:

1. Fu: It is a method of expression that directly states things.

2. Ratio: It is to use metaphor to describe things and express thoughts and feelings.

3. Xing: It is a way to write the beginning of a certain thing to cause the things to be described or the thoughts and feelings to be expressed.

What are the three main expressions of the Book of Songs?

a.Fubixing.

b.Feng Ya Song.

Correct Answer: a

Fu Bixing, the three main expressions used in the Book of Songs, are the poetic expressions summarized in ancient China based on the creative experience of the Book of Songs.

Fu: Flat and straightforward, laid out, and compared. It is equivalent to today's method of congratulatory speech.

Analogy: Analogy. Pictorial metaphors for people or objects make their characteristics more distinctive. (There are two ways to say this, analogy and metaphor.) In "Bixing", "Bi" means "metaphor". ）

Xing: Initiating something else to arouse the content to be sung. There is a certain connection with the content of the poem. The figurative technique can enhance the vividness and distinctiveness of the poem, and increase the charm and appeal of the image.

Feng Ya Song is a different tune of the Book of Songs.

The wind is a different region of the place**. The poems of "Wind" are folk songs collected from 15 regions, including Zhounan, Zhaonan, Shao, Hu, Wei, Wang, Zheng, Qi, Wei, Tang, Qin, Chen, Hui, Cao, and Feng. A total of 160 articles. Mostly folk songs.

Ya is the ** of the area directly under the jurisdiction of the Zhou Dynasty, that is, the so-called Zhengsheng Yale. "Ya" poems are the music songs of the court banquet or court meeting, and are divided into 31 "Daya" and 74 "Xiaoya" according to the difference of **, a total of 105 pieces. Except for a small number of folk songs in "Xiao Ya", most of them are works of aristocratic literati.

Song is a dance song of the temple sacrifice, and the content is mostly to praise the deeds of the ancestors. The poems of "Song" are divided into 31 "Song of Zhou", 4 pieces of "Song of Lu", and 5 pieces of "Song of Shang", a total of 40 pieces. All of them are accompanied by the works of aristocratic literati.

From the perspective of time, most of the "Song of Zhou" and "Daya" were produced in the early Western Zhou Dynasty; A small part of "Daya" and most of "Xiaoya" were produced from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the eastward migration; Most of the "National Style" and "Lu Song" and "Shang Song" were produced in the Spring and Autumn Period.

1.The Book of Songs has created an excellent tradition of realism in ancient poetry in China. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poetry in China.

It collects 305 poems from about 500 years from the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period. The pre-Qin period was called "Poems", or the whole number was called "Three Hundred Poems".In the Western Han Dynasty, it was revered as a Confucian classic, originally called the "Book of Songs", and has been used to this day.

The Book of Songs extensively reflects the life of ancient society and is full of realistic spirit. Many of the poems in the "National Style" were oral creations of the people at that time, reflecting the social outlook and the joys, sorrows and sorrows of the people, and were the essence of the Book of Songs. The Book of Songs has opened up the path of realist literary creation in China.

2. The artistic techniques of endowment, comparison and rejuvenation.

The Book of Songs generally uses the techniques of endowment, comparison, and rejuvenation. Fu is straightforward; Analogy is an analogy, an analogy, a metaphor for people or things, so that their characteristics are more distinct and prominent; If the "other" is placed in front of the "words to be sung" (the theme and content of the poem), then the object must be related to the theme and content, or set off from the side, or create an atmosphere that draws the reader into a specific situation. Therefore, the use of figurative techniques can enhance the vividness and distinctiveness of poetry, increase the charm and appeal of poetry, and have a great impact on the creation of poetry in later generations.

Fu, compare, and rejuvenate are the main expressions of the Book of Songs. Regarding the meaning of Fu, Bi and Xing, there have always been different opinions, and Zhu Xi's interpretation in the Song Dynasty is more representative. Zhu Xi Zeng Yun:

the endowed, perfunctory and straightforward"; "Compare with the other, compare the other with this thing"; "Those who are prospering, foreword other things to cause the words to be sung."

1) Fu. In fact, it is a description made to highlight the subject object. It is usually a series of sentences, and it is mostly proud, which looks very gorgeous and eye-catching.

For example, "Mo Shang Sang": "When the walker sees Luo Fu, he takes his beard under his beard." When the young man saw Luo Fu, he took off his hat and put his head on his head.

The ploughman forgets his plow, and the hoe forgets his hoe. Come and return to resent, but sit and watch Luofu. ”

2) than. That is, metaphor, comparing other things with this thing, plays the role of expanding or shrinking emotions, or expressing feelings that are inconvenient to express directly in a more euphemistic way. For example, Li Bai's "Shu Dao Difficulty" has "avoid the tiger in the morning and the long snake in the evening."

Grinding teeth and sucking blood, killing people like numbness. This is the use of Gu left and right to talk about him, using bestiality to compare human behavior, while slightly exaggerating, fully venting the indignation of the poem's heart.

3) Xing. That is, association, touching the scene, and rising because of things. Specifically, it is to foretell something else in order to cause the words to be sung. In terms of characteristics, there are two situations: direct rise and rejuvenation; In terms of use, there are two forms: the beginning of the article and the rise of the knot.

There are two main effects of rejuvenation. The first is to put forward the center and set the tone of the whole text. The second is to "arouse" the "interest" of readers.