What are the two components of the vegetative structure of an ecosystem?

The trophic structure of the ecosystem.

The trophic structure of an ecosystem refers to an organizational form formed by nutrient or food transmission between the inorganic environment and the biological community in the ecosystem and between producers, consumers and decomposers, which is the most essential structural feature of the ecosystem.

The nutrient linkages between the various components of ecosystems are achieved through food chains and food webs. The food chain is a chain-like food dependence between different organisms in an ecosystem, and each link in the food chain is called trophic level. Each biological population is at a certain trophic level, and there are a few species that are at both trophic levels, such as omnivores.

The food chain in the ecosystem includes two main types: the live food chain and the saprophine food chain. The live food chain begins with green plants fixing solar energy and producing organic matter, which belong to the first trophic level, herbivores belong to the second trophic level, and various carnivores constitute the first level.

Third, fourth and higher trophic levels. The saprophagous food chain starts from the remains of organisms, crushes and decomposes soil animals, and decomposes and transforms bacteria and fungi, and returns them to the environment in the form of inorganic substances for green plants to absorb again. In terms of trophic level, the decomposer is at the fifth or higher trophic level.

Rats feed on grains, weasels feed on mice, and eagles feed on weasels, and the dead remains of an eagle are broken down into inorganic substances by various microorganisms, which is an example of a simple food chain. However, the food chain in nature does not exist in isolation, and it is easy to understand that there is hardly a consumer that feeds exclusively on a particular plant or animal, and there is no plant or animal that is only the food of a certain consumer, such as rats eating various grains and seeds, which in turn are food for many species of birds and insects, insects are eaten by frogs, which in turn are food for snakes, and snakes are eventually captured by eagles for food; The straw of the grain is still the food of the cows, and the beef is the food of the humans (Figs. 10-7). It can be seen that the food chain often intersects with each other, forming a complex network of feeding relationships, called food webs.

In general, the more complex the food web structure of an ecosystem, the greater the stability of the system.

Ecosystems are composed of abiotic matter and energy, producers, consumers, and decomposers. The trophic structure of an ecosystem is the food chain and the food web. Next, we will share the composition of ecosystems and the details of nutrient structure.

The components of ecosystems: abiotic matter and energy, producers, consumers, decomposers. Among them, the producer is the main ingredient.

Different ecosystems include: forest ecosystems, grassland ecosystems, marine ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems (divided into lake ecosystems, pond ecosystems, river ecosystems, etc.), farmland ecosystems, tundra ecosystems, wetland ecosystems, and urban ecosystems. Among them, the inorganic environment is the foundation of an ecosystem, and its conditions directly determine the complexity of the ecosystem and the richness of the biological communities in it. The biome reacts to the inorganic environment, and the biota leaks into the ecosystem not only adapting to the environment, but also changing the appearance of the surrounding environment, various basic substances closely link the biome with the inorganic environment, and the primary succession of the biome can even turn a desolate bare land into an oasis with abundant aquatic plants.

The various components of the ecosystem are closely linked, which makes the ecosystem an organic whole with certain functions.

The trophic structure of an ecosystem is the food chain and the food web. Nutrient structure refers to the food chain and food network formed by food nutrition as the link between organisms in the ecosystem, between producers, consumers and decomposers, and it is the main way to constitute the material cycle and energy transformation.

The food chain is also known as the "nutrient chain". In order to maintain their own life activities, various organisms in the ecosystem must feed on other organisms.

There is an intricate universal connection between the biological components of the ecosystem through the energy transfer relationship, which is like an invisible web that includes all living things, so that they have some direct or indirect relationship with each other, which is the food web.

The trophic structure of an ecosystem is the food chain and the food web.

The food chain and food web refer to the predatory relationship between the producer and the consumer, and the orange system has four main components, namely the abiotic environment, the producer, the consumer and the decomposer.

The structure of an ecosystem can be understood in two ways:

Morphological structure, such as biological species, population size, spatial pattern of population, temporal variation of population, and vertical and horizontal structure of community. Nutritional structure, with nutrition as the link, is a functional unit that closely combines living and non-living things, and constitutes three functional groups centered on producers, consumers and decomposers, and has a close material cycle and energy flow with the environment.

The trophic structure of an ecosystem refers to the nutrient supply and demand relationship established between the components of the ecosystem. When studying the trophic structure from the perspective of food objects, the nutrient structure of an ecosystem is essentially composed of a food web formed by the biological food chain.

Food chain: The food chain refers to the sequence of food nutrient supply and demand between the members of the ecosystem through the way they eat and are eaten. For example, in a grassland ecosystem, hares eat grass, foxes eat hares, and wolves eat foxes.

As the basic unit of the nutrient structure of the ecosystem, the food chain is the main channel for material recycling, energy conversion and information transmission in the system. Each feeding class in the food chain is called a trophic level.

Due to different eating habits, the food chain is often divided into the following 4 types:

The predatory food chain, also known as the live food chain or the grass pasture chain, is a food chain characterized by the direct consumption of living organisms or their tissues and organs. For example, the algae-crustacean-small fish-large fish food chain present in lakes is a type of predatory food chain.

The carrion food chain, also known as the residue food chain or the debris chain, is a food chain that takes the corpse or excrement of an organism as food, and decomposes the organic matter into inorganic matter through decay and decomposition.

For example, the litter and leaves in the forest are turned into organic particles or debris by earthworms, then decomposed by fungi and actinomycetes into simple organic matter, and finally decomposed into inorganic matter by bacteria, which is a type of saprophagous food chain.

The mixed food chain, also known as the omnivorous food chain, is characterized by the fact that there are multiple links in the deficient food chain, including both live food chain and rotten food chain. For example, the plant-herbivore-feces-earthworm-bird food chain that exists in the grassland belongs to the mixed food chain.

Parasitic food chain, which is a food chain formed by eating the tissues or organs of living organisms in a parasitic way. For example, the mammal-bird-flea-protozoa-bacterial-filtered virus food chain is a parasitic food chain.

In addition, there are many species of plants that can prey on animals in nature, such as bottle grass, pitcher plant, Venus flytrap, etc., which can catch small beetles, moths, bees and even frogs. These plants break down the trapped animals to produce amino acids, which are then absorbed and utilized, which is a very special food chain.