How to grow small sweet potatoes, how to grow sweet potatoes

The planting method is as follows:

First, the selection of good breeds. The effect of increasing the yield of new varieties is particularly significant; After detoxification, the old varieties can increase the yield by more than 50% in the current year, 30% in the second year, and about 10% in the third year, and the detoxification effect basically disappears after that. In order to ensure a high yield of sweet potatoes, every .

Change varieties or detoxify them once every two or three years, buy new varieties or detoxified varieties from agricultural research departments, and try not to buy potato seedlings from the market that do not know the name and characteristics of the variety.

Second, deep ploughing. Choose well-drained, high-lying sandy soils for planting. Sandy soils have higher yields than clayey soils, and the skin is smooth and of better quality.

The ridge spacing in the plain area is generally 80 cm (the row spacing after sweet potato planting is 80 cm), and the dry and thin land in the mountainous area can be appropriately narrower, and the ridge height is 30 cm. Summer sweet potatoes should also be planted first, and then planted, which increases the planting depth and has a greater impact on the yield.

3. Plant strong seedlings early in a timely manner. Under the right conditions, the earlier the planting, the higher the yield. Spring potatoes around April 20, the average daily temperature is stable at 15 o'clock, every morning planting a day, increase the yield, the earlier the summer potatoes, the better, each early planting day, increase the yield by more than 1%.

Spring potatoes should be planted with strong seedlings and high-cut seedlings. Planting method, generally eight processes: ditching (planing), watering, seedling, sprinkling pesticides, sealing, spraying herbicides, peritoneum, and seedling.

Flood irrigation is not recommended for planting spring potatoes, and the ground temperature is low and the soil is compacted, which affects the yield.

Fourth, reasonable dense planting. Reasonable dense planting is the central link to improve yield. The planting density should be determined according to four factors: variety, soil fertility, water and fertilizer conditions, and planting time.

For the same variety, the later it is planted, the density should be greater, the high fertilizer water land should be sparse, the low fertilizer water land should be dense, and the mountain dry land without water irrigation conditions should increase the density by more than 20% compared with the plain high fertilizer water land. In the plain area, there are generally medium and short vine varieties, about 3,000 spring potatoes and about 3,500 summer potatoes per mu.

Sweet potatoes are grown as follows:

1.Buy sweet potato seedlings with intact roots.

2.Pick a plot of land in the yard. Sweet potatoes are mainly grown underground, and they don't require much space on the ground. However, they prefer a warm environment, so try to choose a sunny place (especially if you live in the north) and have good drainage.

3.Sweet potatoes are tuber plants that grow in soil. For them to grow well, the soil must be deeply cultivated by about 30 cm and loosened with gardening soil if necessary.

4.Treat the soil. Fertile soil is very important for a good harvest.

The surface is covered with a layer of nutrient soil, and large stones are picked up. Measure the pH of the soil. By adding peat soil or plant ash, the acidity or alkalinity is adjusted to a neutral pH level.

This is called soil improvement.

5.Determine the planting time. Because sweet potatoes love heat, they need warm soil to thrive. So it is necessary to wait until spring at the earliest, that is, a month after the last frost, to sow seeds.

7.Planting. Place the sweet potato seedlings one by one in a pit dug in advance, and cover the stems with about centimeters of soil. The leaves of sweet potatoes will grow vines, while the roots will grow tubers at a depth of 15-30 cm in the soil.

8.Cover the film. In cold weather, use a film to protect your sweet potatoes. This will also help prevent weeds from growing and sweet potato vines from overgrowing, robbing the tubers of nutrients.

9.Water. When sweet potatoes are first planted, they need a lot of water. Over time, you should water them less until you only do it once a week. Start watering daily, then reduce the frequency of watering from week to week.

10.Wait for the tubers to grow. Sweet potatoes require a relatively long growing period and are not harvested until early fall, which coincides with Thanksgiving. Continue watering and weeding every week to allow the plants to grow healthily.

11.Harvest sweet potatoes. About 120 days after planting, the sweet potatoes should have fully ripened. If possible, postpone the harvest of sweet potatoes (before frost) as much as possible, as this will produce larger and tastier tubers.

Planting in the field can be 2 weeks after a few days before fertilization can be 2 days a water

The planting methods of sweet potatoes are: sweet potato seedling selection, digging holes, planting methods, mulching film, and watering.

1. Sweet potato seedling selection.

Selecting high-quality sweet potato seedlings can improve yield, early potato setting, and strong disease resistance. Sweet potato seedlings generally have short internodes, three to five nodes, and the seedlings are 20-30cm high.

2. Dig holes.

Sweet potatoes should be planted with holes, each hole can be 30-60cm apart, and the depth is 3cm above the base of the plant to the root of the tuber.

3. Planting method.

Place the sweet potato seedlings one by one in a pre-dug burrow and cover the stems with about soil. Sweet potatoes grow vines outwards in the leaf part, while tubers grow in the roots at a depth of 15-30cm in the soil.

4. Cover the film.

Mulching film protects sweet potatoes in cold weather, which also helps to stop the growth of weeds, prevent overgrowth of sweet potato vines, and rob the tubers of nutrients.

5. Watering.

When sweet potatoes are first planted, they need a lot of water. As sweet potatoes grow in the later stages, watering should be reduced and only watered about once a week in the later stages of growth. Start watering daily, then reduce the number of waterings week by week.

The sweet potato sowing season is in March and April in spring, because this time of spring is generally warm, humid and rainy, and the temperature is generally above 20, and the young shoots and new branches of sweet potatoes grow vigorously.

Sweet potatoes need to be raised 2 months before transplanting and planting, that is, spring potatoes start to raise seedlings in late January, autumn potatoes in mid to late June, and early winter potatoes in early to mid August. Spring potatoes can be transplanted when the ground temperature is stable at 12 degrees, and around May 1 in North China; Summer potatoes are harvested immediately after the wheat harvest, around the beginning of June.

The planting technology and management of sweet potatoes include: land preparation and fertilization, seedling planting, scientific fertilization, foliar fertilization, and disease control.

1. Soil preparation and fertilization

It is very important to choose a fertile and loose plot for planting sweet potatoes, when planting, it is necessary to turn the plot deeply, then apply enough organic fertilizer, wrap the fertilizer in the ridge and then use a hoe to open a row on the back of the ridge to keep the fertilizer of the plot even.

2. Seedling planting

Place the potato seedlings flat along the furrow, bury them in the middle, and water them to promote their growth. When the sweet potato seedlings grow to a certain length, it is necessary to do a good job of transplanting and planting, and in order to promote the rapid growth of the root system, it is necessary to water the rooting water.

3. Scientific fertilization

15 days after planting, to timely supplement farm fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, fertility is better plots, need to apply 25-30 kg of urea, 30-50 kg of phosphorus, 30-40 kg of potassium sulfate, sweet potato growth process, if the leaves are yellow, timely application of long vine fertilizer, mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

4. Foliar spraying

Sweet potatoes in the tuber growth period, the use of potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar spraying, can help sweet potatoes sweeten, improve the quality of sweet potatoes, stop watering 15 days before harvest, such sweet potatoes taste better, shelf-stable.

5. Disease prevention and control

Sweet potatoes are prone to ant weevils, black spot and other pests and diseases, in the process of sweet potato growth, we should pay attention to cultivation management, once the ant weevils appear, it is necessary to use 40% dimethoate EC with water spray, black spot can use 50% carbendazim 300-500 times liquid for soaking seedlings, can play a good control effect.

<><2.Soil selection: Sweet potatoes prefer soft, fertile, well-drained soils that need to be well watered and exposed to sunlight. Adding organic fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers to the soil can also increase sweet potato yields.

3.Reasonable dense planting: the density of sweet potatoes should be set according to the actual local situation, and it is generally recommended that the row spacing and plant spacing should be about 80 cm each, which can improve the yield of sweet potatoes.

4.Management method: During the growth of sweet potatoes, it is necessary to water, loosen the soil, weed, and give an appropriate amount of fertilizer. It is also necessary to pay attention to the timely prevention of pests and diseases, which can ensure the healthy growth of sweet potatoes and improve the yield of mountain pants.

In short, in order to grow high-yield sweet potatoes, it is necessary to choose the right variety and planting time according to the local climate and soil environment, and adopt reasonable planting density and management methods in order to obtain good results for a bumper harvest.

The method of preparing for the planting of sweet potatoes is to select the soil, raise the seedlings, and plant them.

1. Select the soil.

Sweet potatoes need to choose the right soil, sweet potatoes are suitable for growing in the soil with rich organic matter content and loose soil, so you can use sandy loam or humus soil with rich trace element content and good drainage when planting, and you need to renovate the soil before planting to improve the air permeability of the soil.

2. Seedling treatment.

Seedling treatment is also required when planting sweet potatoes. First, you need to select healthy sweet potato seeds with young shoots, then plant them in fertile and loose soil, and water the soil with unpolluted river water, soak all the soil, and if the ambient temperature is low, you can also cover the planting area with plastic wrap to keep warm.

3. Planting.

After waiting for the sweet potato seeds to grow along the acorn, you can cut off the young branches at the top of the long vine, and then insert them into the soil prepared in advance, and pour mineral-rich pure water or natural water into the soil to keep the soil in a moist state, so that the seedlings can be planted next to the planting environment as soon as possible and resume growth.

Conservation and management of sweet potatoes

1. Fertilizer management.

Sweet potato likes fertilizer, when planting sweet potato, fertilizer should be applied according to the growth characteristics of sweet potato, when sweet potato is planted to the rapid growth of stems and leaves, nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied, supplemented by phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer can promote the rapid growth of sweet potato stems and leaves, and improve photosynthesis products. In the growth of sweet potato tubers, potassium fertilizer should be the main fertilizer, supplemented by nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium fertilizer is an important factor to promote the growth of sweet potato roots, especially when the sweet potato roots expand rapidly, the amount of potassium fertilizer must be less.

2. Sweet potatoes are prosperous.

Those who have planted sweet potatoes know that the stems and leaves of the open part of the sweet potato grow very fast and more, so in order to ensure that the sweet potatoes planted are large and smooth, then the vigorous growth of the stems and leaves must be reduced, so that the largest part of the nutrients are ** to the sweet potato, and we can promote the expansion of sweet potato roots by controlling the sweet potato vines. Common methods of controlling the growth include lifting the vine, turning the vine, pruning, and drug control.

3. Pest management.

Sweet potato pests and diseases are mainly underground pests and diseases, such as sweet potato soft rot, ground tiger, mole cricket, stem nematode, etc., are the main factors that cause sweet potato root rot and cracking, so in the high incidence period of sweet potato pests and diseases, it is necessary to combine physical control and chemical control, through reasonable watering, fertilization, mulching and other measures in the house plus timely spraying of drugs to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases.

1. Land preparation. The preparation of the land should be carried out on a sunny day, and the soil should be broken and finely beaten. After leveling, the fertilizer strip is applied to the bottom of the ridge, the ridge spacing is 80 cm, and the ridge height is about 20 cm. Special organic compound fertilizer can be used for fertilizer.

2. Seedlings. Choose seed potatoes with typical characteristics of this variety, free of diseases and pests, and 100-250 grams of potato pieces. The density of the planting is about 3 cm apart between the tubers, and the seed potatoes are covered with soil after the rowing, with a thickness of 2-3 cm and not more than 5 cm, so as not to affect the emergence of seedlings.

3. Planting. When the seedlings are 20-25 cm long and have 6-8 complete leaves, they can be cut and planted in the field. When planting, the 4 nodes are inserted horizontally or obliquely into the soil, and the two leaves are exposed to the ground when the drought occurs, and the rest of the leaves are buried in the soil, so as to facilitate the survival of potato seedlings and the dispersion of potatoes evenly, improve the commodity rate and yield, and the planting density is 4000 plants 667 square meters, and the plant spacing is 20 cm.

4. Field management.

Sweet potato has strong drought tolerance adaptability, and the soil water holding capacity should be controlled at 60-70%, and management should be strengthened in rainy days, and attention should be paid to reducing water accumulation in the field. About 15 days after planting, the seedling fertilizer was applied in combination with the first tillage. Potato fertilizer is topdressing in the branching tuber stage, which is generally carried out within one month after transplanting in combination with the second tillage, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

5. Pest control.

The main diseases are virus disease, black spot disease, purple striped feather disease; The main insect pests are Spodoptera litura, sweet potato leaf beetle. Timely symptomatic control of pests and diseases.