What did Maslow consider to be the basic needs of human beings?

1. The first level: physiological needs: If any of these needs (except sexuality) are not met, the physiology of the human individual cannot function normally.

In other words, human life is threatened. In this sense, physiological needs are the primary motivation for people's actions.

2. The second level: the need for safety: the whole organism is a mechanism for the pursuit of safety, and human receptors, effector organs, intelligence and other energies are mainly tools for seeking safety, and can even put science and outlook on life.

are seen as meeting security needs.

part. Of course, once this need is relatively satisfied, it no longer becomes a motivating factor.

3. The third level: the need for emotion and belonging: everyone wants to be connected and cared for by each other. Emotional needs are more nuanced than physical needs, and they have to do with a person's physical characteristics, experiences, education, and religious beliefs.

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4. The fourth level: the need for respect: everyone wants to have a stable social status, and requires that personal abilities and achievements be recognized by the society.

The need for respect can be further divided into internal respect and external respect. Internal respect refers to a person's desire to be competent, competent, confident, and independent in a variety of situations. In short, internal respect is the self-esteem of a person.

External respect refers to a person's desire to have status, prestige, and to be respected, trusted, and highly valued by others.

5. The fifth level: the need for self-realization: the need for self-realization is the highest level of need, which refers to the realization of personal ideals and ambitions, the need to give full play to personal ability to the greatest extent, to achieve the realm of self-realization, to accept themselves and others, to enhance the ability to solve problems, to improve consciousness, to be good at dealing with things independently, to be alone without interruption, and to complete everything commensurate with their own ability.

Theoretical application of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

1. Physiological needs.

1) Physiological needs are the lowest and most advantageous needs: food, water, air.

2) Characteristics of unmet physiological needs: I don't want anything, I just want to live, and my thinking ability and moral outlook become obviously fragile.

2. Security requirements.

1) Safety needs are also low-level needs: personal safety, life stability, and pain.

2) Insecurity: Feeling threatened by the world around you, feeling that the world is unfair or dangerous. Thinking that everything is dangerous, becoming nervous, hesitant, and thinking that everything is "evil".

3) Incentives: Emphasize rules and regulations, job security, welfare benefits, and protect employees from unemployment, provide medical insurance, unemployment insurance and retirement benefits, and avoid confusion when employees receive double instructions.

3. Social demand application.

1) Social needs are higher-level needs: friendship, love, friendship.

2) Lack of social needs: because they do not feel cared for by the people around them, they think that they have no value to live in this world.

3) Incentives: Provide social opportunities among colleagues, support and praise employees to find and establish harmonious and warm interpersonal relationships, and carry out organized sports competitions and group gatherings.

4. Respect needs.

1) The need for respect is a higher level of need: reputation, status, opportunity.

2) Characteristics that cannot meet the need for respect: become very face-loving, or very active in using actions to make others identify with themselves, and are easily attracted to vanity.

3) Incentives: public rewards and praises, emphasizing the arduousness of the work task, the superb skills required for success, awarding honorary medals, issuing commendations in the company, and honoring outstanding employees.

5. Self-realization needs.

1) The need for self-actualization is the highest level of need: self-actualization and the realization of potential.

2) Lack of self-actualization needs: Feeling that your life is driven by a sense of emptiness, and you begin to think that values and morals are better than money, love, respect, and social prejudices.

3) Incentives: Adaptation strategies for complex situations are used in the design of work, and special tasks are assigned to people with special skills, leaving room for subordinates when designing work and executing plans.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes five main categories:

1. Physiological needs. It refers to the most basic needs of human existence, such as food, no, shelter, etc. For example, a person who is constantly hungry needs food first, and for this reason, the purpose of life is seen as filling the stomach.

When basic needs are met, physiological needs are no longer the strongest motivation for people to work, but are replaced by security needs.

Second, security needs. Ann refers to the need to protect oneself from physical and emotional harm. This kind of safety needs are reflected in many aspects of social life, such as life safety, labor safety, and a good society.

Reflected in the work environment, employees want to avoid dangerous accidents, ensure personal safety, avoid unemployment, etc.

3. Social needs. It includes the need for friendship, love, belonging, trust and acceptance. Maslow believes that people are social animals, people's lives and work are not carried out independently, and they often come into contact with others, so people need to have social interactions, good interpersonal relationships, feelings and love between people, and be accepted and trusted by others in the organization.

Fourth, respect the need. It includes both self-esteem and being respected by others. Self-esteem refers to one's self-esteem, hard work, full self-confidence, and pride in achievements.

Being respected means that one's work achievements and social status can be recognized by others. This need can be summarized as the need for self-esteem, self-confidence, prestige, status, etc.

Fifth, the need for self-realization. It refers to the need for personal growth and development, to realize one's own potential, and to achieve one's ideals.

Human needs include physiological needs, security needs, belonging and love needs, respect needs, and self-realization needs.

Maslow believed that the lower the level of need, the greater the power and the greater the potential. As the level of need rises, the power of need decreases accordingly. Before a high-level need can arise, a low-level need must be satisfied.

The most basic requirements for human beings to maintain their own survival include hunger, thirst, clothing, shelter, and transportation. If these needs are not met, the survival of humanity becomes a problem. In this sense, physiological needs are the most powerful motivator that drives people's actions.

Significance of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory:

1. Maslow proposed that human needs have a process of development from the lower to the higher, which to some extent conforms to the general law of human needs development.

2. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory points out that in every period, one need is dominant, and other needs are subordinate. This is instructive for management work.

3. The basis of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is his humanistic psychology, man's inner strength is different from animal instinct, man's demand for the realization of intrinsic value and intrinsic potential is human nature, man's behavior is governed by consciousness, and man's behavior is purposeful and creative.

1. Physiological needs. This is the most basic human need, such as clothing, food, shelter, transportation, etc. As the name suggests, if these needs are not met, the survival of humanity becomes a problem.

Therefore, this need must first be studied and addressed.

2. Safety needs. The need to protect yourself from physical and emotional harm. It can be further divided into two categories:

One is the need for security in the present and the other is the need for security in the future. Such as personal safety, health security, stable employment, etc.

3. Social needs. Social needs, also known as emotional and belonging needs, include the needs of friendship, love, belonging, and acceptance. This arises mainly from the social nature of people, who want to work in a situation of acceptance or belonging, and belong to a whole, rather than becoming an isolated island in society.

4. Respect needs. As a social or professional person, everyone wants to have a stable social status, and requires that personal achievements and abilities be recognized by society. The need for respect can be further divided into internal respect and external respect.

Internal respect includes self-esteem, autonomy, and a sense of achievement; External respect factors include status, recognition, and attention, or respect.

5. The need for self-realization. The need for growth and development, unleashing one's potential, and realizing one's ideals. It is an internal drive to pursue the limits of one's abilities.

This need is generally manifested in two aspects: one is the sense of competence, and people with this need try to control things or the environment, not waiting for things to occur and develop passively, but hoping to carry out it under their own control.

The second is the sense of achievement, for people who have this need, the joy of work lies in the results and success, and they need to know the results of their work. The joy of success is far more important than any other reward.

Maslow believed that there are five basic human needs, which are arranged into certain levels from low to high, namely, physiological needs, security needs, belonging and love needs, respect needs, and self-realization needs. In the hierarchy of human needs, the most basic are physiological needs, for example, the need for food, air, sleep, sex, etc.; After the physiological needs are basically satisfied, there is the need for safety, that is, the individual needs stability, safety, protection, freedom from fear and anxiety, etc.; This is followed by the need for belonging and love, that is, the individual asks for emotional connections with others, such as making friends, pursuing love, etc.;

What follows is the need for respect, which includes self-esteem and being respected by others. After these lower needs have been basically satisfied, the level of self-actualization needs is reached.

Self-actualization, as a superlative need, includes cognitive, aesthetic, and creative needs. It has two meanings, namely, the realization of a complete and fullness of humanity and the realization of one's potential and identity. Maslow believed that self-actualized people are open-minded, independent, and creative; They know what they need, they know who they are, what their mission is.

Therefore, it can be said that self-actualization is an important motivation for learning.

Answer]: A physiological needs are the most basic requirements for human beings to maintain their own survival, and only when these most basic needs are satisfied to the extent necessary for Viga to survive, can the other needs of the Grip become a new motivating factor. So choose A.

Answer]: A physiological needs are the most basic needs of human beings to maintain their own survival, and only after these most basic needs have reached the level necessary for survival, other needs can become new motivating factors. Coarse.

Answer]: a, b, c, d, e

These five items are the needs of the five levels in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Answer]: a, b, c, d, e

These five items are the needs of the five levels in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.