What does Maslow s hierarchy consist of?

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory.

1. The five needs are like a ladder from low to high, ascending step by step according to the level, but this order is not completely fixed, it can change, and there are various exceptions.

2. Generally speaking, when the needs of a certain level are relatively satisfied, they will develop to a higher level, and the pursuit of a higher level of needs will become the driving force for behavior. Correspondingly, the need to get the basic upgrade tomato satisfied is no longer an incentive force.

3. The five needs can be divided into two levels, of which physiological needs, safety needs and emotional needs all belong to the lower needs, which can be met through external conditions; And the need for respect and the need for self-actualization are high-level needs, they can only be satisfied through internal factors, and one's need for respect and self-actualization is endless.

A person may have several needs at the same time, but in each period there is always one need that dominates and determines behavior. No need will disappear with the development of a higher level of need. The needs at all levels are interdependent and overlapping, and after the development of higher-level needs, the low-level needs remain, but the degree of impact on behaviour is greatly reduced.

4. Maslow and other behavioral scientists believe that the hierarchy of needs of the majority of people in a country is directly related to the level of economic development, scientific and technological development, culture and education of the people.

In underdeveloped countries, physiological and safety needs dominate a larger proportion of the population, while higher needs dominate a smaller proportion. In developed countries, the opposite is true. In the same country, at different times, the level of people's needs will change with the change of the level of production.

From the bottom of the hierarchy upwards, the needs are: physiological, safe, socially needy, respectful, and self-actualized.

Maslow, a well-known humanistic psychologist, has put forward a very famous theory - the hierarchy of needs, which divides people's needs into five levels, come and see which level you are currently in.

Level 1: Physiological needs.

This is the most basic and lowest need of human beings, and if the lowest needs are not met, other needs cannot be realized. Physiological needs refer to the most basic needs of human beings, including food, water, air, sleep, secretion, sex, etc. For example, if we are hungry to eat, when we are thirsty, to drink water, to have a place to live, to breathe air, etc., we cannot survive without the most basic physiological needs.

Level 2: Security needs.

Security needs to include our own security, property security, economic stability, job stability, and life stability. At this stage, we are basically in a stable stage, satisfying our own material needs, and beginning to pursue higher spiritual needs.

Level 3: The need to belong and love.

After we have settled down on ourselves, we will want to find comfort in our emotions, including friendship, affection, and love. We crave the love of others, we crave intimacy, we crave happy relationships, we crave family. At this stage, we begin to slowly move towards marriage and family.

Level 4: Respect for needs.

At this level, we begin to focus on being respected by others, we can understand ourselves and the world correctly, and we begin to respect ourselves and others. At this stage, we begin to gain some achievements or fame in society, and we have a certain status. We are respected by others, and this is a higher level of spiritual satisfaction.

Level 5: The need for self-actualization.

At this stage, we have basically achieved economic freedom and family happiness, at this time, we begin to find the meaning and value of our own life, we hope that we can do something for this society, we hope to find the value of our own existence, we begin to pursue truth, goodness and beauty, reach our own higher realm, and live a transcendent and free life.

In society, we ordinary people must strive to realize our needs one after another, until we realize our life goals and ideals.

Maslow put forward the "hierarchy of needs" in 1943, and there are five basic needs, from low to high, which are physiological needs, security needs, social needs (belonging and love), respect needs, and self-realization needs. Before Maslow's death, the hierarchy of needs was further developed, and two other needs were added: cognitive needs and aesthetic needs.

Maslow wrote a lot in his life, among them, he published the article "The Theory of Human Motivation" published in 1943, the book "Motivation and Personality" published in 1954, and the revised and republished book "Motivation and Personality" in 1970 all systematically expounded the "hierarchy of needs", and Maslow further developed his "hierarchy of needs" in the last few months before his death, one of the major developments was that he expounded two other needs in addition to the original five basic needs ( i.e. cognitive needs and aesthetic needs).

Maslow's "hierarchy of needs" states that all people have basic needs, and these basic needs have become instinctive. These needs drive our growth and development and realize people's selves.

These basic needs, from low to high, are physiological needs, security needs, social needs (belonging and love), respect needs, and self-actualization nucleus needs. The lower the level of need, the stronger its strength, that is, the physiological need is stronger than the need for security, and the need for security is stronger than the need for love, which in turn is stronger than the need for self-realization.

Once the need for greater strength is satisfied, the need for weaker strength will arise. Physiological needs are the highest priority, and if all of a person's needs are not met, he will be dominated by physiological needs in the first place. Maslow thinks:

A person who lacks food, safety, love, and respect at the same time has the greatest need for food. "In this case, the urge to write poetry, the desire to buy a car is forgotten.

Some people put the need for cognition and aesthetic needs between the need for respect and the need for self-realization, but in fact, Maslow himself did not put the need for cognition and the need for aesthetics in this position. Maslow regarded cognitive needs and aesthetic needs as the second type of need level in addition to the original five needs, and Maslow believed that cognitive needs and aesthetic needs are a smaller, independent level of needs compared with basic needs.

It didn't become seven levels. There are only five levels of the Maslow's hierarchy of needs. They are physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, respect needs, and self-realization needs.

In this theory, Maslow divides human needs into five levels, from bottom to top, layer upon layer, in the shape of a mountain and a pyramid, and the needs of the tease under the tower are easy to satisfy, and the higher you go, the more difficult it is to satisfy. When the lower level is satisfied, people will pursue the satisfaction of the higher level.

Seven levels of saying:The "Introduction to Psychology" (1982) by Hilgard et al. in the United States talks about seven levels, but ranks cognitive needs and aesthetic needs before self-realization, that is, physiology, security, belonging, self-esteem, cognition, aesthetics, and self-realization.

It is believed that Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a five-level literature, ignoring Maslow's discussion of cognitive needs and aesthetic needs. To think that Maslow's hierarchy of needs is seven levels is to simply regard cognitive needs and aesthetic needs as one level.