Explanation of nouns in ancient characters, explanation of nouns in ancient characters

Mi Fu claims that his works are "ancient words", the ancient masters of the pen, chapter and rhyme have a deep understanding, which also shows to a certain extent that Mi Fu has made a lot of effort in the tradition.

Mi Fu does not shy away from being a "collection of ancient words", the most dedicated is Wang Xianzhi and Chu Suiliang. "History of the Song Dynasty" contains: Mi Fu "wonderful in Hanmo, calm and flying, the king of the pen; You Gong is moving, to the chaos and the truth, and it is impossible to distinguish ......"Qing Liu Xizai's "Art Overview" cloud:

A large section of the Mi Yuan chapter book comes from Henan, and Fu is good at copying each body. When it deliberately sects the ancients, there is a collection of words for a while. Mi Fu survived in the ink, including many of his temporary works, from which can glimpse the profound skills of its patriarchal tradition.

The so-called collection of ancient characters means copying the writing style of the predecessors of calligraphers.

Mi Fu self-proclaimed book experience for the "collection of ancient words", its "Haiyue Sayings" said: "the prime of life failed to establish a family, people say that my book is a collection of ancient words, cover the strengths, the total. When you are old, you start a family. When people see it, they don't know what their ancestors are. ”

Mi Fu claims that his work is"Set of ancient characters", the ancient masters of the penmanship, chapter and rhyme have a deep understanding, which also shows to a certain extent that Mi Fu has made a lot of effort in the tradition.

Mi Fu concentrated on the Wei and Jin dynasties, with the Jin people's style of writing as the reference, and visited a lot of Jin people's laws, even its study was also named"Bao Jin Zhai"。The ink "Mid-Autumn Post" presented by the king is said to be his copy, and the shape is extremely exquisite. Mi Fu has turned to many teachers in his life, and he also said so in the book "Self-Description" in his later years:

Yu Chuxue, first learn to write walls, Yan is seven or eight years old. The word to the big one, the writing is not simple, see the willow and admire its tight knot, is to learn the willow "Diamond Sutra". For a long time, I know that it comes from Europe, and I learn from Europe.

For a long time, such as the printing board arrangement, it is Mu Chu who has learned the longest, and the season of the Mo Duan is fat, and it is complete on all sides. For a long time, Jue Duan Quanze exhibited "Lan Ting", and then viewed the post, entered the Jin and Wei dynasties, abandoned Zhong Fang and taught the Yi Palace, "Liu Kuan Tablet" is also. Seal Ben loves "Chew Chu" and "Stone Drum Text".

And the bamboo slips are lacquered with bamboo, and the inscription is wonderful and ancient. "

As a method of learning calligraphy in the creation of the practice method. Some books call it "collection of ancient characters". It refers to the selection of words in the law for "transplantation creation", or couplets, or banners, or fans can "arrow" the post and create the "double carving".

The title of Wang Xi's trip to the book "Holy Order" is made by the monk Huairen to collect the king's characters. This kind of practice can effectively eliminate the boring and psychological ills of the post, and improve the interest and perception of the tablet, which is a method that is deeply loved by scholars.

Mi Fu self-proclaimed "set of ancient words" is modest, saying that their words are a collection of words that simulate the ancients.

Interpretation of paleographies.

ancient writing]

Ancient writing. In China, it refers specifically to the scripts of the seal script system that were handed down before the Qin dynasty, such as the oracle bone inscription and the Jin inscription, which explain in detail the ancient scripts. In China, it refers to the script of the seal script system handed down in ancient times, especially the pre-Qin script, such as oracle bone inscription and Jin inscription.

Word decomposition Explanation of ancient ǔ Ancient age, past, as opposed to "present" : ancient. Gu Xi (the pronoun of the seventy-year-old person, derived from Du Fu's "Qujiang" "Life is rare for seventy years").

Classical. Ancientry. Ancient precepts.

The Ancient Way (a refers to the ancient truth; b Quaint; c Ancient Roads). The abbreviation of ancient style poetry: five ancient ( Interpretation of the text Symbols that record language, such as Chinese characters and Latin letters.

After Qin Shi Huang unified China, in; Langya Mountain carved stone; For the first time, the text was called the beginning of the word Cangjie, and the cover was like a pictogram, so it was called the text, and then the shape and sound were mutually beneficial, that is, the word. The writer is the foundation of the image, and the word is rich and soaked in a lot.;; Explain the text.

Ancient and modern characters are characters that record the different forms of the same word (or morpheme) used in different eras. The ancient characters are used earlier, and the modern characters are used later. Ancient and modern characters are divided into two categories:

First, the meaning of the words is exactly the same, such as block A, 灋法, villa, drink, etc.; First, the meaning of the words is the same, such as twilight, scene, evasion, and so on. The first type of ancient and modern characters is a one-to-one relationship, and the production of modern characters does not involve the differentiation of Chinese characters. The second type of ancient and modern characters is not a one-to-one relationship, and the present characters are the result of the differentiation of ancient characters in development.

The differentiation of Chinese characters has the following situations: 1. The present character is produced from the original meaning of the ancient character. For example, the original meaning of "Mo" refers to the evening of sunset, and "Mo" is pretended to be used as an indefinite pronoun, and its original meaning is another word "twilight".

Another example is to stop the toes, ask for the waist, decay, seek the fur, bandits, the basket, the basket, the natural burning, the overflow, the fowl capture, and so on. 2. The present character is produced by the extended meaning of the ancient character. For example, the original meaning of "jing" refers to sunlight, and by extension, it indicates the shadow formed by darkness, and this meaning is later coined with the word "shadow".

Another example is brotherhood, laxity, debt, competition, sitting, and the middle school. 3. The present character is produced by the borrowing of ancient characters. For example, the original meaning of "pi" is used as an escape under the pretense of meaning, and the word "avoid" is coined after this meaning.

Another example is to dispel seclusion, repel, and repel. Since the present character is produced after the ancient character, it is also called the later character. Ancient and modern characters are different words in terms of the meaning of a certain word.

For example, "Wei" is both an ancient character for "iron" and an ancient word for "comfort", the former is said in the original meaning of "Wei", and the latter is said in the extended sense. Ancient and modern words are relative. If the present character produces a later word, it is an ancient word for the later word.

For example, the word "" which means to move forward is an ancient character, and " is a present character. The original meaning of "before" refers to cutting, and later created a "cut" word, therefore, "before" is the ancient word for "cut", and "cut" is the present word.

The words that record the original polysemous words or homographs are ancient characters, and the words that record the new words formed after differentiation are the present characters. The newly created characters and the original characters that also express the original meaning are called "ancient and modern characters". The newly created character is "Jinzi", and the original character with the meaning of expression is "ancient character".

For example, the original meaning of "Mo (Mo)" is that the sun falls in the grass, indicating the sunset and evening, and later the word "Mo" was pretended to be used as a negative indefinite pronoun and negative adverb, in order not to be confused in the written language, the word "Mo" was added to the word "day" into the word "twilight" to express the meaning of "evening", and "Mo" and "twilight" became a pair of ancient and modern words.

Ancient and modern words - refers to a group of words with different meanings in ancient and modern times. Ancient characters come out first, and modern characters are words that are early to assume a certain part of the meaning of ancient characters. Ancient and modern characters are a kind of breeding phenomenon in the development of writing. The polysemy of one word is an important reason for the emergence of ancient and modern characters.

Variant characters – also called or fonts. Refers to words that have exactly the same meaning but different shapes, and are interchangeable in any situation. It also refers to words with the same phonetic meaning as orthography but different shapes.

Tong fake - also called borrowing, pretending to borrow, homonym borrowing. There are three cases of replacing the book with words with the same or similar sound in ancient books: 1) homophony, 2) double tone, and 3) overlapping rhyme.

Ancient books refer to books that have not been printed using modern printing techniques.

Books were called classics in ancient times, also called documents, and they have the triple meaning of documents, archives, and books.

With the progress of time, the memorabilia documents are arranged for people to read, and to achieve the purpose of disseminating knowledge and experience, a book is formed, the content of the book is increasing day by day, the carrier tends to be diversified, the production technology is constantly improved, in order to facilitate reading, different binding styles such as "brief book", "scroll", "album", "line bound book" and so on are produced.

Definition of Ancient Books. "Ancient" is relative to "modern", and books that have not been printed using modern printing technology can be called ancient books.

Books began to appear when people began to consciously engrave words on specific forms of materials to record knowledge and disseminate ideas. In the History of the Compilation of Ancient Chinese Books, it is proposed that a book must have the following six components:

knowledge information; mode of writing;

Writing; material carriers;

text production techniques;

Binding form. There are several theories that use these six criteria to measure the origin of many books: the "pottery theory" overemphasizes the role of pottery, but pottery is a dispensable ornament; "Hetuluo Book" is only from ancient myths and legends, and it is not enough to rely on; Oracle bones, bronze, and stone carvings cannot be called books.

"Book" is a book here, and "ancient books" is an elegant name for ancient books.