What are the places for home soilless cultivation?

Household soilless cultivation places mainly include balconies, window sills, living rooms, rooftops, courtyards, etc.

1. Balcony Balcony is the place where vegetables are most chosen for soilless cultivation. What kind of vegetables are suitable for growing on the balcony should be determined according to the orientation of the balcony itself, the size of the balcony space and the environmental conditions of the balcony. Every vegetable has its own suitable cultivation environment.

Therefore, if you want to grow vegetables on the balcony successfully, the first consideration is whether the environmental conditions that the balcony can provide meet the requirements of the vegetables to be planted, and then it depends on personal preferences.

2. Window sill If the window sill in the family room is very wide, it can also be used to grow vegetables, but the window sill should generally choose some fast-growing vegetables with short plants and short growth period, so as to prevent tall plants from blocking the sun and affecting indoor light. Indoor windowsills should not be placed too many vegetables, mostly green leafy vegetables, such as cabbage, radish, etc.

3. Living room. In the living room, you can grow vegetables on the coffee table and in the corner or next to the floor-to-ceiling windows. Generally, there will not be too much sunlight in the living room, so it is better to plant shade-tolerant vegetables.

The planting species should also not be too tall, otherwise it will make the living room look crowded. You can grow some low-light resistant green leafy vegetables (celery, shepherd's cabbage), in addition to eating, you can also put it on the coffee table to watch.

4. Roof (roof or roof).

Only residents living on the top floor are likely to have rooftops. Because of the abundant light and temperature, the rooftop can be opened up into a small vegetable garden in the true sense, and the variety of vegetables that can be planted is also the largest. The rooftop is generally sunny and sunny.

If the rooftop is large enough, you can grow any kind of vegetables on the balcony, and the layout can be matched according to the height and color of the plants. The rooftop in the north can only be used in spring, summer and autumn because of the cold weather in winter, and the main planting season is summer.

5. Courtyard Residents living in bungalows and lower floors, if there is vacant land in front of and behind the house, they can be reclaimed into a small vegetable garden, which can not only beautify the environment, but also eat fresh vegetables, which can be said to be both food and appreciation, making life full of fun. Growing vegetables in the courtyard should also be determined according to the size and orientation of the open space, and the vegetable plot should be at a distance from the residents' windows to prevent blocking the indoor light. If it is a south-facing open space, you can grow light-loving vegetables, and if the open space is in the shade, you can mainly grow shade-tolerant vegetables.

If the open space is large, you can choose more vegetable types, plant height and harvest time to match. If the open space is small, dwarf vegetables are mainly grown. It is not advisable to plant tall vegetables next to the window.

The main application sites of soilless culture should be in non-arable land, such as the following places:

1. Utilization of the four wastelands: The unused four wastelands, such as barren mountains, barren ditches, barren hills, and barren beaches, belong to the land that has not been sufficiently, rationally and effectively used in the current economic environment, but they are a kind of valuable resources. It cannot be used for traditional ground cultivation, but it can be used for the cultivation and production of vegetables and fruits, or cash crops by soilless cultivation.

2. The use of urban roofs: most of the urban roofs are in a state of abandonment, which not only requires regular maintenance, but also long-term exposure to the sun will not only exacerbate the urban heat island effect, but also shorten the life of the building. From the perspective of urban greening, it is a valuable resource worth excavating - if the urban roof is used for greening, it will increase the ecological effect, which is of great significance.

There are five main locations: balconies, with good air flow and sunlight; bay windows to avoid direct sunlight; kitchen, high humidity; Around the fish tank, the temperature is suitable; The TV wall in the living room has a large open space and can be protected from radiation.

1. Material table.

Growing system, growth medium, two-component nutrient solution, pH regulator, seeds, bucket, a section of pipe.

2. Rock wool planting blocks.

The first step in the pretreatment of rock wool planting blocks is to balance the pH of rock wool planting blocks. If you don't want to be too troublesome, you can rinse it with water.

Serious friends can look down: the pH value represents the acidity and alkalinity of the water, the value ranges from 1-14, the pH value is equal to 7 for neutral, greater than 7 for alkaline, less than 7 for acidic. Tap water is generally alkaline, because the roots of plants like to be acidic, so we have to add a little acid to the water before watering the plants.

Take a glass of water first, measure it with a test strip (agent), and the general result is greenish, which can be known after comparing with the standard color palette (pH 7-8). Next, drop in 2 drops of acidic pH regulator (phosphoric acid, wash with water immediately if in contact with **), stir and test again until the result is yellowish (pH 6). If the color changes to brown or red, it means that too much acid has been added, and tap water should be added to raise the pH level.

3. Assembling the system.

Position the system in place, once it starts to be difficult to move. Keep it in a level and firm place so that it won't tip over. If you install the bracket outside the window, take care that the bracket length is larger than the system length.

In the planting trough, there should be a gap under the rock wool. Connect the planting system to the bucket with a piece of pipe.

4. Plant the seeds.

Plant the seed in the small eye of the planting block, and if you don't have a small eye, you can prick one yourself (. Gently cover the small eyes so that the seeds have a dark environment to germinate, covering them with a plastic bag to maintain humidity. Water every few days.

Most seeds will germinate in 4-6 days, remove the plastic bag after germination, and water again.

5. Prepare nutrient solution.

The nutrient solution is the food of the plant, and it is not good to supply too much or too little. The nutrient solution supplies the plant with minerals that were originally provided by the soil. Use halved concentrations at the seedling stage. The nutrient solution should be submerged at the bottom of the planting block.

6. Adjust the pH value.

Adjust the pH value once after each addition of the nutrient solution.

7. Tidal irrigation.

Lift the bucket to let the nutrient solution flow into the planting trough, the nutrient solution will flood the bottom of the planting block, and then lower the bucket to allow the nutrient solution to flow back. Do not allow the roots to be submerged in water for more than 3 minutes. 3 times a day.

8. Manage nutrient solution.

Add water daily and adjust the pH level.

In the second week, you can use a nutrient solution of normal concentration.

9. About supplemental light.

Light is essential for plants, and if there is not enough sunlight, it will not grow well anyway.

"role="Figure water-nourished hyacinths.

Nutrient solution is used to raise flowers, usually in containers such as plastic pots, and with substrates such as vermiculite. When planting, first mix various substrates in a certain proportion or put them separately into plastic pots, and then plant seedlings that have grown 3 5 leaves in pots**. Before planting, put the roots with soil in clean water, gently wash the root mud, and then soak the roots in a solution 5 10 times thinner than the normal concentration of nutrient solution for about 10 minutes, so that they can fully absorb the nutrients.

After planting, a layer of quartz sand or small stones is spread to fix the plants, and the nutrient solution is poured from all sides of the container immediately until the nutrient solution flows out of the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot.

Water every 1 3 days, water the dilute nutrient solution every 7 10 days, and then water the nutrient solution of normal concentration after the plant returns to normal growth. Generally, during the growth period of indoor potted flowers, large seedlings are watered with nutrient solution every 7 15 days, and small seedlings are watered every 15 20 days; During the dormant period of flowers, flowers are generally not watered with nutrient solution. The number of nutrient solution each time, generally the inner diameter of the pot is about 20 cm of positive flowers, each time about 100 ml, the amount of negative flowers should be reduced.

If you are using a long-acting flower fertilizer, please refer to the product instructions for its dosage. For beginners, it is necessary to pay attention to the appropriate amount when pouring the nutrient solution, rather less than too much. If it is applied too much, it is often easy to cause harm such as scorched leaves.

Summary. At present, the vegetables cultivated in the family without soil mainly include wild vegetables and melons, fruits and vegetables. Leafy vegetables include lettuce.

Spinach. Rapeseed. Celery.

Bitter chrysanthemum. Coriander. Chinese cabbage.

Oily lettuce. Utamatsu. water spinach, etc.

Melons and fruits include cucumbers. Chili pepper. Strawberry.

Okra. tomatoes, etc. The ripening period of these different vegetables varies from harvest to length.

Leafy vegetables are generally 1 to 3 months, melons and fruits 3-6 months. The temperature of melons, fruits and vegetables is about 15 to 28 degrees, and the temperature of leafy vegetables is large, and most families are suitable for planting.

At present, the vegetables cultivated in the family without soil mainly include wild vegetables and melons, fruits and vegetables. Leafy vegetables include lettuce with socks. Spinach.

Rapeseed. Celery. Bitter chrysanthemum.

Coriander. Chinese cabbage. Oil, wheat and rape acres of old mountains.

Utamatsu. water spinach, etc. Melons and fruits include cucumbers.

Chili pepper. Strawberry. Okra.

tomatoes, etc. The ripening period of these different vegetables varies from harvest to length. Leafy vegetables are generally 1 to 3 months, melons and fruits 3-6 months.

The temperature of melons, fruits and vegetables should be about 15 to 28 degrees, and the temperature of leafy vegetables should span a large range, and most families are suitable for planting.

Seedlings can be used discarded disposable paper cups or other disposable containers, disinfected and rinsed, the bottom is pierced, and then filled with substrate soil. Substrate soil is generally sold in the flower market. Then sprinkle with water to keep it moist.

When selecting vegetable seeds, it is necessary to choose those with a short production date and a plump appearance that is not damaged. This increases the germination rate. Soak the seeds, choosing the temperature of the water according to the size and thickness of the seed shell.

The water temperature of the above-mentioned varieties can be 20-35 degrees. 24-48 hours of feasting, buried in the seedling container. If the seeds are too small, they can be buried without soaking in water.

In order to ensure the survival rate, 2 seeds are placed in one seedling container. Maintain ambient temperature and wet divergence during this time.

The equipment required for soilless cultivation mainly includes cultivation containers, storage containers, nutrient solution pipelines and circulation systems.

1. Cultivation containers mainly refer to the containers for cultivating flowers, and there are plastic bowls, porcelain bowls, glass bottles, metal bowls and tile bowls. It is better to keep the container wall impermeable.

2. Liquid storage containers include containers for the preparation and storage of nutrient solution, commonly used plastic barrels, wooden barrels, enamel barrels and concrete pools. The size of the container depends on the size of the cultivation.

3. The nutrient solution pipeline generally adopts plastic pipe and galvanized water pipe.

4. The circulation system is mainly controlled by the water pump, which draws the prepared nutrient solution from the storage container, passes through the nutrient solution transmission and discharge pipeline, and enters the cultivation container.

In my experience, there are two factors that make a small family soilless culture successful. One is water, the world is disturbing, and the other is light. The water level is too low to absorb it, the water level is too high, the root system is prone to root rot due to lack of oxygen, and the nutrients in the water are lacking or the excess plants are not growing well.

Even the different growth stages of plants have different light requirements, which requires a lot of energy to study and observe. In fact, now that science and technology are accelerating, everything is automated, small family soilless cultivation can be completely used with Bosch planters, intelligent irrigation systems can not only replenish their own nutrient solution, real-time monitoring of water levels, but also customize light schemes according to the different growth stages of plants, and there are many seed types to choose from, such as basil, mint, coriander, lettuce, broccoli seedlings, etc., which are commonly used in Western and Chinese food, and the plants grown are guaranteed to be non-toxic and harmless, and there is much peace of mind. The main design of this planter is also very exquisite, with fragrant green plants, it can be used as a fashionable home decoration, placed on the round surface of the table or installed on the wall, can be.

1. Soilless hydroponic vegetables: lettuce, rape, celery, beets, water spinach, leeks, garlic sprouts, amaranth, wuta-tsai cabbage, dwarf raw tomatoes, peppers, purple-backed geraniums, water spinach, leeks, garlic sprouts, lettuce, cherry radish, koji hemplo, endive, amaranth, apricot.

2. Soilless hydroponics: hydroponic vegetables refer to vegetables that most of the roots grow in the nutrient solution layer and only provide water, nutrients and oxygen to them through the nutrient solution, which is different from the vegetables cultivated in the traditional soil cultivation form, but some substrates may be used when raising seedlings.

3. Soak the seeds in about 20 years of clean water for 3-4 hours, drain the water and put them on a clean and moist gauze, and germinate in a 15-20 environment, and the seeds can be exposed in 2-3 days.

4. Lettuce should be cultivated in autumn, winter and spring, and the seeds should be sown in the planting cup containing fixes, such as vermiculite, etc., or in the seedling tray containing the seedling substrate, and each cup should be sown with 1-2 seeds, and covered with a layer of substrate after sowing. Then cover with shade nets, drench enough water, keep it moist, and wait for the seedlings to emerge. About 10 days before planting, the water should be properly controlled according to the seedling condition.

When the seedlings have 6-7 true leaves, the seedlings are planted in the nutrient bowl first, and then the seedlings are filled with vermiculite.

5. The formula of nutrient solution suitable for lettuce growth is (gram tons): calcium nitrate 621, potassium nitrate 444, trim potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate 500, and ammonium nitrate 69. In the early stage of planting, due to the small size of the plant, the root system is not developed, so it can be deeper, the depth of the nutrient solution is kept at about 10 cm, and it is advisable to soak it to the bottom of the planting cup 1-2 cm, with the elongation and growth of the root system, the water level can be gradually reduced, and the liquid level will be reduced to 5-8 cm, so that a part of the root system is exposed to the air, so as to increase the opportunity for root oxygen absorption, promote root development and plant growth.

6. When the plants reach the harvesting standard, they should be harvested in time. The harvest period is different for different varieties and different cultivation seasons, and the growth period of non-bulbling lettuce is 60-90 days, and the growth period of bulb-bearing lettuce is 100-120 days.