How are the running beasts on the roof of ancient buildings distributed according to building levels

The decoration of the vertical beast of the spine beast palace is strictly distinguished, and only the weeping beast on the top of the "Jinluan Palace" has ten kinds of spine beasts. There are only nine kinds of "Zhonghe Palace" and "Baohe Palace", although there are also beasts on the vertical ridge of other palaces, but they all have to be reduced in order.

The spine beasts are more or less arranged according to the building level, the higher the level, the more spine beasts, the highest level is 10, which is the Taihe Hall of the Forbidden City. The second is unequal.

On the roof ridge of ancient Chinese buildings, there are exquisitely shaped images of sacred beasts, which are divided into running beasts, hanging beasts, "immortals" and owls according to categories, collectively known as "spine beasts".

There are up to ten running beasts on the ancient building, distributed on the vertical ridge at both ends of the house, and the order from bottom to top is: dragon, phoenix, lion, heavenly horse, seahorse, fox, fish, pig, bullfighting, Xingshi, the setting of these running beasts has different meanings. The dragon is a mythical animal that can make clouds and rain in legends, and is a symbol of imperial power; The phoenix, the king of birds in ancient legends, is the image of Jirui, a metaphor for a person with holy virtue; The lion represents the courage and majesty, and the beasts are intimidated; Tianma and seahorse are the embodiment of auspiciousness, symbolizing the royal power that can reach the sky and the sea and reach the four directions; The cunning is a legendary beast that can eat tigers and leopards; The apfish is a strange beast in the sea, and it is said that it is an expert in driving clouds and rainfall, extinguishing fires and preventing disasters; The hedgehog is a kind of unicorn that can distinguish between right and wrong in the legend

<> the kissing beast or the lookout beast is placed on the main ridge, the vertical beast is placed on the vertical ridge, the beast is placed on the ridge, and the cactus beast is placed at the edge of the ridge. There are up to ten running beasts on the ancient buildings of the Han nationality, which are distributed on the scattered ridges at both ends of the house, and the order from bottom to top is the width of the land: dragon, phoenix, lion, heavenly horse, seahorse, fox, fish, pig, bullfighting, and xingshi.

The spine beast is the beast piece placed on the roof ridge of the roof of the ancient Chinese Han architecture, and they are divided into running beasts, hanging beasts, immortals and owls according to the categories of Xihui, which are collectively called spine beasts.

The decorations on the Taihe Hall are: dragon, phoenix, lion, heavenly horse, seahorse, apfish, fox, pig, bullfight, and Xingshi.

1. Dragon: It is a magical animal that can make clouds and rain, and it is a symbol of the sacredness of imperial power.

2. Phoenix: The king of birds in ancient Chinese legends is often used to symbolize auspiciousness and also metaphorically for people with holy virtues. According to "Historical Records: The Biography of the Japanese": "The phoenix is not a flock with the birds. This fully reflects the supreme and noble status of the feudal emperor.

3. Lion: represents courage and majesty.

4. Tianma: It symbolizes that Weide enters the sea and reaches all directions.

5. Seahorse: In ancient Chinese mythology, it is also the embodiment of auspicious rules.

6. Foxy: (sound sour mud), recorded in ancient books as a fierce beast of the same kind as a lion, and it is also said to be one of the nine sons of the dragon.

7. Apyu: It is a strange beast in the sea, and the legend and the fox are the gods who make clouds and rain, extinguish fires and prevent disasters.

8. Hedgehog: Wu Xian's beast in ancient Chinese legends, similar to lions. In the "Foreign Matter Chronicle", it is said that "there are beasts in the Northeast Wilderness, and the name is a pig."

One corner, sexual loyalty, those who do not touch the straight when they see people fighting, and those who are not right when they hear people's opinions. It can distinguish straight and straight, and is also known as the divine sheep"It is a symbol of courage and justice.

9. Bullfighting: The legend is a kind of dragon, according to the "Chenyuan Knowledge": "There are bullfighting bullfights in the West Inner Sea, that is, Qiu Yan [next to insects] and the like, in case of rain and clouds, often winding beside the road and above the Jinao Yudongfang. "It is an auspicious rain town that removes disasters and disasters.

10. Xingshi: A kind of winged monkey, with wings on its back, holding a vajra pestle, which is said to have the effect of subduing demons. Because it ranks tenth, it is called "Xingshi".

It is quite similar to the legendary Lei Gong, probably a symbol of lightning protection. The spine beast on the ancient building, there is only one place that can be seen, which is on the Taihe Palace.

The history of the Taihe Temple

Taihe Palace, commonly known as Jinluan Palace, is an ancient palace building in the Ming and Qing dynasties, one of the three major halls in the East, and is the largest existing wooden structure hall in China. Located in the prominent position of the north-south main axis of the Forbidden City (Forbidden City) in Beijing, in the eighteenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420), the imitation of the Fengtian Temple of the Nanjing Forbidden City was built, called the Fengtian Temple.

In the forty-first year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty (1562), it was renamed the Huangji Palace, and in the second year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (1645), it was renamed the current name. After being built it was repeatedly burned down, rebuilt many times, and the present hall is the shape of the Qing Dynasty Kangxi 34 years (1695) after reconstruction.

Taihe Hall was built in the eighteenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420) and was called Fengtian Temple. In the forty-first year of Jiajing (1562), it was renamed the Huangji Palace. In the second year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1645), the name was changed. It has been burned down many times and rebuilt many times.

Walking into the Forbidden City, the tallest building in China, the Taihe Temple, comes into view. How can I tell if it's level? The 10 vertebral beasts seated at the tip of the eaves are a symbol of its status.

As the first of ancient Chinese architecture, the Taihe Hall not only enjoys the highest specification of the building form of the heavy eaves of the palace top, but also the ridged beasts arranged on the fork ridge, ten kinds of everything, the world is unique.

The spine beast on the eaves corner of the ancient building is also called the town tile beast, and the private houses are not allowed to be placed except for the palace and temple. The spine beast gradually increased from one in the Tang and Song dynasties to a different number of squatting beasts, and in the Qing Dynasty, it formed a small animal queue form led by the "Riding Phoenix Immortal" today. There is an extremely strict hierarchy of their number and variety, and the higher the number, the higher the level of the building.

In addition to riding the phoenix immortals, the ancients made up a very easy to remember for their order: "One dragon, two phoenixes and three lions, seahorses, heavenly horses, six fish, nine bullfights, and finally like a monkey." "The world,Only the Taihe Hall can see their full picture, which not only indicates the supremacy of imperial power, but also shows that only the emperor deserves to enjoy the "perfect" treatment.

In addition to this,Other buildings in the Forbidden City also have different numbers of spine beasts placed according to the building regulationsAmong them, the Qianqing Palace, the Zhonghe Palace and the Baohe Palace are reduced to 9, the Kunning Palace is 7, and most of the palaces on the top of the East and West Palaces are 5. In the opinion of Liang Sicheng, the architect, these decorations coexisting with ancient buildings have the effect of finishing touches, "(these small beasts arranged on the ridge of the temple) make the actual part that is extremely boring and clumsy become the beautiful crown of the whole building." ”

In fact, the ancient "architects" had a deep meaning for their creation. Most of the ancient Chinese buildings are wooden structures, and in order to make the tiles at the front of the eaves bear the gravity, they are fixed with tile nails, and over time the nail caps are beautified into various animal images, of courseIn addition to their decorative role, they have been endowed with legendary functions such as flag ratings and fire and lightning protection.

In addition to these magical skills, the spine beast is naturally indispensable to bring good luck. The one at the front of the eaves corner is called "Riding the Phoenix Immortal", also called "Immortal Riding the Chicken", and its function is to fix the first tile at the lower end of the vertical ridge. It is rumored that the prototype of this immortal is the King of Qi Min of Qi State, not only in the "Historical Records" there is a record of this allusion, but also the folk also have the saying that "the sun shines on the King of Min, and there is no way out".

Legend has it that during the Warring States Period, King Qi Min was defeated by Yan General, and was forced to the bank of a large river in a hurry. The ancients asked him to guard the spineBy the meaning of "flying by chicken (auspicious) (auspicious)", the meaning of auspiciousness.

The more spine beasts there are, the higher the rank and a symbol of power.

Due to the superstition of the ancient people at that time, the placement requirements and quantity requirements were the top priority, and this was the highest level enjoyed by the ancient emperors at that time.

The 10 vertebral beasts seated at the tip of the eaves are a symbol of its status. As the first of ancient Chinese architecture, the Taihe Hall not only enjoys the highest specification of the building form of the heavy eaves of the palace top, but also the ridged beasts arranged on the fork ridge, ten kinds of everything, the world is unique.

The 10 vertebral beasts seated at the tip of the eaves are a symbol of its status.

The greater the number, the higher the level of the building, and the more revered the people who live there.

Yes, the greater the number, the greater the influence of the owner's power and the higher the status.