The special significance of the use of meaning in classical Chinese, and how to translate it

Intended usage. The so-called intentional verb refers to the predicate verb with the meaning of "to do why", that is, to think that the object is how or to treat the object as it is. The use of the verb is limited to the use of the adjective as a verb and the noun as a verb, and the verb itself has no verbal usage.

It can generally be translated as "think." In order to. For.

Right. Feel. Wait.

The verb is the subject to make the object objectively produce a certain action, while the verb is the subject subjectively thinks (or thinks) that the object has the content indicated by the predicate, which is the idea or opinion that exists in the mind, which is not necessarily the case objectively.

1. The noun is used as a moving word.

The noun is used as a verb to see the person or thing represented by the object after it as the person or thing represented by the noun.

Example 1: The people of Yi are strange, and they are slightly guests of their father. - Hurt Zhongyong".

Guest: This is a noun, and it is used here as a verb. "Guest's father" is a move-guest structure, which means "treating his father with the courtesy of a guest".

Example 2: The father is also self-interested. - Hurt Zhongyong".

Li: is a noun used as a verb. "Profit" means "profit" (to see the situation as profitable).

Example 3: Fish and shrimp and elk. - Former Chibi Fu".

Couple, friend: the verbal usage of the noun, to...for couples.

In order to. For friends. Example 4: The deceased does not have only his own relatives, nor does he have only his sons. - The Journey of the Avenue

Dear: to....For the pro.

Sub: to....for the Son (both refer to the former).

Example 5: Yue Guo is far away from the country - "Candle Wu Retreats from the Qin Division".

Disdain: Put....When to do something.

2. Adjectives are used as intentional movements.

The adjective is used as an intentional action to subjectively believe that the person or thing represented by the object that follows has the nature or state that the adjective represents.

Example 1: The fisherman is very different. ("The Story of the Peach Blossom Spring") is different: it was originally an adjective, and it is used as a verb here. "Different", that is, "to think it is different" (to think that it is strange).

Example 2: The people of Yi are strange, and they are slightly guests of their father. Qi: Originally an adjective, it is used as a verb here. "Strange", that is, "to be strange" (to think that he is extraordinary).

Example 3: And the mediocre is still ashamed, what will be the situation? ("Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography") shame: originally an adjective, here used as a verb. "Shame", i.e., "to be ashamed" (to feel ashamed of it).

Example 4: The monsters of the world gather and scold. Strange: It was originally an adjective, and it is used as a verb here. After "weird", omit "Han Yu", that is, "take Han Yu as weird" (think Han Yu is very weird).

The above-mentioned phenomena of the use of word classes cannot summarize all the situations. For example, numerals or quantifiers can also be used as verbs or even verbs.

To be clear, nouns and adjectives as verbs are necessarily used as verbs to make or to move.

The verbal usage indicates what the subject thinks of the object, or what the subject thinks of the object.

There are two kinds:1The verbal usage of nouns. For example"The one who broke Qin and entered Xianyang first""Wang", meaning:"In order to. for kings"。

2.Intentional use of adjectives. For example"And shame to learn from the teacher""Shame", meaning:"Shame on you"。

Make a verb: The predicate verb usage means that the predicate verb has the meaning of "how to make the object". It is the content of the imperative expressed in a verb-object structure.

Yidong: Think ......How: Yu is quite easy (I think it's very simple.

There are two ways to use the intentional action:

1. The use of nouns. It can be translated as "to ......For. But it is generally necessary to translate it as "put......".As a ......For example, Ma Chun Wang Anshi's "Hurt Zhongyong": "A little guest of his father."

"Guest" here is a noun that translates to "treat (his father) as a guest".

2. The use of adjectives. It can also be translated as "to ......For. But it is generally necessary to translate it as "think......How" or "right......How do you feel". For example, Wang Anshi's "Hurt Zhongyong":

The people of Yi are strange. The word "strange" here is the verbal usage of the adjective, which translates as "to think that (he is Fang Zhongyong) is very unusual".

Usage distinction method.

Make a verb: The predicate verb usage means that the predicate verb has the meaning of "how to make the object". It is the content of the imperative expressed in a verb-object structure.

Yidong: Think ......How: Yu is quite easy (I think it's very simple.

The verb predicate indicates that the subject makes the object"How"Usage.

Some nouns and adjectives are used as verbs to make and to mean "to make." meaning.

There are three main types:

1. The use of verbs. For example, the "labor" in "must first suffer its mind and work its muscles and bones" means "to make." tired". "Born in Sorrow, Died in Peace" (Mencius).

2. The use of nouns. For example, the "king" in "the king who broke through Qin first and entered Xianyang" is "envoy." for the king". "Historical Records" (Sima Qian).

3. The use of adjectives. For example, the "bleak and cold" in "bleak and cold bones, quietly and secluded" is the meaning of "making the bones of the gods bleak and cold". It is characterized by giving the person or thing indicated by the object the property or state indicated by this adjective. "The Story of Little Stone Pond" (Liu Zongyuan).

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Intentional Usage.