Ozone hole and acid rain, what causes the ozone hole

Problem 1: Causes.

The cause of the formation of the ozone hole is that the refrigerant chlorofluorocarbons (such as CFC11, CFC12) react with ozone to produce oxygen, and the earth's atmospheric ozone is enriched at both levels of the earth, but in recent decades, the refrigerant chlorofluorocarbons used by humans are too much, so that the ozone is decomposed, and the ozone hole is formed at the two levels of the earth for a long time.

The cause of acid rain is that a large amount of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are emitted into the air during the industrial production of automobile exhaust, which combine with impurities and water vapor in the air to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid.

Problem 2: Causing harm.

The harm of ozone hole is that harmful ultraviolet rays can directly irradiate people without blocking, which increases the risk of cancer.

The harm of acid rain is to destroy large areas of forests and destroy the farmsProblem 3: How to prevent it.

The prevention of the ozone hole is to find fluorine-free refrigerants to replace chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants.

The prevention and control of acid rain is to use air purification devices that do not directly discharge untreated air into the air and the hole in the ozone layer Cause HCFCs catalyze the decomposition of ozone molecules and harm UV pollution.

Prevent the search for alternatives to HCFC refrigerants.

Acid rain is the main cause of the use of large quantities of fossil fuels.

Hazards Rain is acidic, destroying forests, vegetation, water resources.

Prevention: Strengthen the monitoring of acid gas emissions and find green alternative energy sources.

Ozone Layer Hole Causes HCFCs catalyze the breakdown of ozone molecules.

Hazards: UV pollution.

Prevent the search for alternatives to HCFC refrigerants.

Acid rain is the main cause of the use of large quantities of fossil fuels.

Hazards Rain is acidic, destroying forests, vegetation, water resources.

Prevention: Strengthen the monitoring of acid gas emissions and find green alternative energy sources.

The ozone hole is caused by the use of products containing freon gas, which destroys the ozone hole, and can reduce the use of acid rain due to the high content of SO2 in the air and reduces coal combustion.

What causes the ozone hole is as follows:

1. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which are widely used as refrigerants, sprays, foaming agents and other chemical agents, are the "main culprits" of ozone reduction.

2. Solar activity.

Around the peak year of solar activity (i.e., the period of strong solar activity), cosmic rays are significantly enhanced, which prompts the chemical reaction between two-electron nitrides (such as NO2) and O3, resulting in an increase in odd-electron nitrides (such as NO3) and the conversion of O3 to O2, thereby destroying the ozone layer.

3. Some atmospheric chemical reaction can be produced in the ozone layer, which decomposes ozone (O3) with the content of three oxygen atoms into molecular oxygen (O2) and atomic oxygen (O), thereby destroying the ozone layer.

Impact on humans.

1. Squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma are the most common cancers, which are closely related to high-energy ultraviolet irradiation. Ultraviolet light causes the bases in the DNA molecule to form dimers, causing errors in DNA replication.

2. Cataract, experimental studies have proved that ultraviolet rays are related to the incidence of cataract. Long-term exposure to sunlight is associated with an increased incidence of cataracts, which affects men more than women.

Studies have shown that human activities, especially the heavy use of freon as a refrigerant and atomizer, are an important cause of the Antarctic ozone hole. The freon that leaks into the atmosphere during human production and life is decomposed into chlorine atoms by ultraviolet light in the upper atmosphere, and the chlorine atoms decompose ozone.

At an altitude of 20 km above Antarctica, very low temperatures tend to form clouds of ice crystals, which exacerbate the catalytic effects of chlorine and decompose large amounts of ozone. Antarctica's closed atmospheric circulation system leaves decomposed ozone unreplenished. Therefore, chemical reactions in the atmosphere and atmospheric movements are closely related to each other, forming an ozone hole over Antarctica.

There are three explanations for the formation of the Antarctic ozone hole, namely the explanation of atmospheric chemical processes, the influence of solar activity and the explanation of atmospheric dynamics.

1. Atmospheric chemistry regulations explain atmospheric chemical processes, and it is believed that the ozone layer can produce some kind of atmospheric masking reaction, which decomposes ozone (O) with the content of three oxygen atoms into molecular oxygen (O) and atomic oxygen (O), thereby destroying the ozone layer.

2. Explanation of the influence of solar activityThe explanation of the influence of solar activity is that when the peak year of solar activity is revealed, the cosmic rays are significantly enhanced, which promotes the chemical reaction between the two-electron nitride (such as NO) and O, so that the odd electron nitride (such as NO) increases, and O is converted to O.

3. Atmospheric dynamics explanationThe atmospheric dynamics interpretation believes that in early spring, at the end of the polar night, solar radiation heats the air, produces an upward motion, and inputs the air with low tropospheric ozone concentration into the stratosphere, which reduces the ozone content of the troposphere and makes it easy to appear ozone hole. Among the human factors, it is generally believed that the heavy industrial use of Freon gas is one of the main causes of ozone layer destruction.