What are the lower plants? What are the lower plants?

Algae plants: kelp, wakame, moss, ground fungus, kudzu rice and other algae are all lower plants. Fungi and plants:

It can be divided into bacteria, fungi, and slime fungi, and the common fungal lower plants are white fungus, mushrooms, mushrooms, and ganoderma lucidum. Lichens: It is the most special lower plant in the plant kingdom, a symbiont of fungi and algae.

1. Algae plants

Algae such as kelp, wakame, moss, ground fungus, and kudzu rice are all lower plants, among which kelp is a large marine brown algae plant that grows in low-temperature seawater, while kudzu rice is a Candida plant, which is often epiphytic between the sand and gravel in the water and on the damp soil.

2. Fungi and plants

Fungi are one of the lower plants, divided into three categories: bacteria, fungi and slime fungi, among which bacteria are the most widely distributed, lowest, and tiny single-celled plants, and the most common fungi are tremella, mushrooms, mushrooms, ganoderma lucidum, etc.

3. Lichen plants

Lichen plants are the most special lower plants in the plant kingdom, which are symbionts of fungi and algae, and their morphological composition is mainly composed of mycelium, among which the more common ones are pineapple, snow tea, litmus, stone fungus, stone plum and so on.

The lower plants are divided into algae, fungi, and lichens, which are briefly described as follows:

1 Algae plants: Algae contain chlorophyll or other photosynthetic pigments and live independently. It is divided into 6 phyla according to the morphology of the plant body, the composition of the cell wall, the morphology of the pigment body, the type of main pigment, the mode of reproduction, and the storage substance.

2. Fungi plants: there is no chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments in the vegetative cells of the plant body, and it is generally parasitic or saprophytic, and parasitism is to obtain nutrients from living organisms; Saprophytes are the acquisition of nutrients from the remains of an organism. There are also species that are both parasitic and saprophytic.

Fungi are divided into three phyla: bacteria, slime and fungi.

3. Lichens: It is the most special type in the plant kingdom, a symbiont of fungi and algae.

Symbionts are supplied by algae photosynthesis to nutrients, while fungi mainly absorb water and inorganic salts. The plant body is mainly composed of mycelium, with ascomycetes being the most common; Algae are mostly distributed in 1 to several layers below the surface, with green algae or cyanobacteria being the most common. <>

1. Moss generally refers toBryophyta phylum。Bryophytes are a group of small higher plants that do not have the differentiation of true roots and vascular tissues, and are mostly born in shady and humid environments. A unique life history with gametophyte generation dominance.

2. Black algae. Scientific name: Hydrilla verticillata (Linn.)

f.Royle) is a plant of the genus Melaphylla in the family Turtleaceae. Perennial submerged herb.

The stem is elongated, branched, cylindrical, with longitudinal fine ribs on the surface, and the quality is brittle.

3. Member of the phylum Phaeophyta, a group of higher algae.

There are about 1,500 species, distributed in cold-water bodies along the coast of the continent, and are rare in freshwater. Its color depends on the brown pigment (Fucus flavonin) and the green pigment (chlorophyll).

proportions, from dark brown to olive green.

The inflated air sac causes the photosynthetic portion of the phyllodes to float at or near the water surface.

4. Moss is a generic name for bryophytes, which attach to the surface of objects and spread and grow, so it is also called moss. The moss is emerald green in color, the stem is as thin as silk, and it can be attached to the dark and damp and inaccessible places such as mountain rocks, pools, roof tiles, decaying walls, and wetlands like hair, and it is a very inconspicuous but very interesting plant.

5. Twisted mouth moss is a plant group with small size, special structure, wide distribution and strong adaptability, and is the aquatic species of the plant kingdom.

Transitional species to terrestrial, hailed by ecologists as pioneers of nature. It is one of the important groups of existing terrestrial plants, and belongs to the sporophytes of higher plants.

Kiss lower plants are relatively primitive and simple plants, usually with a relatively simple body shape and reproductive mode. Here are a few common lower plants:1

Mushrooms: Fungal organisms with fruiting bodies, grow in high humidity environments, and live mainly by decomposing organic matter. 2.

Algae: Tung stools such as green algae, red algae, brown algae, etc., they do not differentiate into roots, stems, leaves and other organs, but through chloroplasts in the body for photosynthesis. 3.

Lichens: belong to a fungal symbiont, composed of a fungus and one or more algae or cyanobacteria symbiosis, with a variety of morphologies, some lichens can adhere to stones or trees like grayish-white crusts. 4.

Mosses: belong to primitive nonvascular plants, do not have real roots, stems, leaves and other organs, nutrients absorb water and nutrients through the cells on the surface of the phyllottes, and the mode of reproduction includes spores and gametophytes. 5.

Ferns: are a very old class of plants, belonging to the phylum gymnosperms, without flowers and seeds, which reproduce through spores. The leaves are mostly pinnate and usually grow in moist environments.

It is important to note that the concept of lower plants is usually relative, because any one plant species has its own specific ecological location and degree of evolution, so no plant is "lower", and each plant has its own value and significance.