How many ways to do kidney stone surgery?

Kidney stones are surgically carried out** method, the first is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, which is suitable for stones with a volume of 1cm to 2cm; This is followed by percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, which is a kidney stone of 2cm or more; The second is flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy, which is suitable for lithotripsy with relatively large stones. It is recommended that patients should choose the appropriate ** method under the guidance of a doctor.

Generally speaking, the appearance of kidney stones is inseparable from the patient's bad eating habits, which will lead to harm to the patient's physical health and bring serious mental distress to the patient. So, what are the ways in which kidney stones can be surgically performed? Let's find out!

First of all, whether or not an undesirable symptom of kidney stones requires surgery** usually depends on the size and shape of the stone, as well as the location of the stone and the patient's physical condition. Usually for patients with stones less than 6mm and no urinary tract obstruction, the doctor will recommend conservative**, take stone expulsion drugs, and recommend that you can use Rispocarpus tea to dissolve stones and remove stones, combined with plenty of water and moderate exercise, to promote the self-discharge of stones.

1. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

This method is suitable for stones with a volume of 1 cm to 2 cm, which are broken up by external impact and then removed by endoscope.

2. Percutaneous nephroscopic lithotripsy.

In this case, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy can be performed when kidney stones of 2 cm or more are ineffective, or when symptoms such as hydronephrosis are obvious.

3. Ureteroscopic lithotripsy.

This method is suitable for larger stones, and can be used by ureteroscopic lithotripsy, which is minimally invasive, safe and painful, and excreted the stones from the body through stone removal after surgery.

In any kind of surgery, you need to pay attention to postoperative care, especially after shock wave lithotripsy, there will be a large amount of lithotripsy left in the body, and you need to insist on taking stone expulsion drugs, and at the same time assist 3000 ml of water per day to promote stone excretion. Usually 1-2 months after the stone surgery, a follow-up examination is done to see if the stone is clear.

Patients with kidney stones can recover quickly after surgery, but it is important to supplement their diet after surgery and eat more foods containing vitamin A to help avoid stones**. Patients who have suffered from kidney stones should eat as little soy products and foods high in calcium as possible to prevent the formation of new stones.

Kidney stones are a relatively common disease in urology, and the common surgical methods for kidney stones are as follows:

1. Open surgery: the surgical method of open surgery and stone removal is a traditional surgical method that is less done in the context of minimally invasive surgery;

2. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: suitable for small kidney stones and low stone density, general stones, you can try extracorporeal lithotripsy. In many places, in vitro lithotripsy can be repeated free lithotripsy, but it is not recommended to repeat lithotripsy, generally the number of extracorporeal lithotripsy should be 3 times, because once repeated lithotripsy is unsuccessful for 1-2 times, the success probability of subsequent lithotripsy will not be too high, and repeated extracorporeal lithotripsy will have certain damage to the kidneys;

3. Percutaneous nephroscopic stone removal: you need to make a hole in the waist, break the stone through this operation hole, and then take out the stone through the operation hole;

4. Ureteroscopy stone removal: the stone is required not to be too large, and the general stone can be taken by ureteroscopy. Flexible urethroscopic stone removal is also the removal of kidney stones, which is passed through the urethra of men and women and reaches the kidney through the ureter to break the stones and remove them.

This type of surgery is minimally invasive and has no openings and trauma on the body.

There are many ways to make kidney stones, including drug stone expulsion, extracorporeal lithotripsy, surgical stone removal, etc. There are also many ways to surge on kidney stones. For smaller kidney stones, flexible ureteroscopic lithotomy may be used.

**There are quite a variety of ways of urinary tract stones, and it is recommended that the public should be evaluated by a physician before accepting ** before choosing a safe and effective way.

58-year-old Ms. Zhuang is a housewife, because she does not like to drink water, and her physique is easy to get stones, in the past three years, whenever she has low back pain, she will go to the urology department to receive **, at the end of last year, she went to the doctor again for low back pain, and found that there was a stone of about 3 cm on each side of the kidney.

There are 3** ways for kidney stones, and the preoperative evaluation is effective and safe

Qiu Hongjie, attending physician of the Department of Urology of the Affiliated Hospital of Asia University, explained that there are three common treatment methods for kidney stones: one is body quiet external shock wave lithotripsy, although it is the least invasive, but if the stone is larger than 2 cm, the effect is more limited due to the health insurance benefit; The second is percutaneous kidney stone removal, which is more traumatic, wounded, more painful, and there is a risk of damage to the kidney tissue after healing, and it is suitable for ** huge stones, or when other kidney stone surgeries fail.

The third method is flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy, which uses a flexible flexible ureteroscope to enter through the natural orifice of the urethra, without destroying the kidneys, with high-power laser into the kidneys to break the stones and take them out, not only without wounds, but also with good efficiency in removing stones, and the patient can get out of bed the next day.

Flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy is not suitable in 2 cases

Attending physician Qiu Hongjie reminded that flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy is not suitable for patients with ureteral stricture or severe urinary tract infection, and the ways of urinary tract stones are quite diverse.

Supply Article 45054 Keywords: Kidney stone surgery, Stones, Department of Urology, Ajou University Hospital, Qiu Hongjie, Flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy.

There are many surgical options for kidney stones. If the doctor determines that surgery is necessary, there are several surgical options, the most common being extracorporeal lithotripsy. For most stones, if the size of the stone is less than 1cm and there is no clear ureteral obstruction, most of them are suitable for extracorporeal lithotripsy.

If extracorporeal lithotripsy is ineffective, or if we look at the stone, it is not suitable for extracorporeal lithotripsy and needs to be surgically treated. The most common surgical methods are minimally invasive surgery, as well as traditional open surgery. At present, more than 95% of stones are solved by minimally invasive surgery, which is less invasive to patients.

If extracorporeal lithotripsy is not suitable, or if extracorporeal lithotripsy is done and the stone still does not pass, minimally invasive lithotripsy is required. Minimally invasive lithotripsy is commonly used ureteroscopic lithotripsy and percutaneous nephroscopic lithotripsy. Ureteroscopic lithotripsy is suitable for relatively small stones in the ureter, there is no trauma, and the patient feels very little pain, so the patient is more willing to accept it.

If the stone is relatively large, it is suitable for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy is to make a hole in the waist and the kidney, and the lithotripsy equipment enters the kidney from this hole to break the stone, so the surgical trauma is slightly larger than that of ureteroscopic lithotripsy. The advantage of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy is that the stone can be completely flushed out at that time, and the operation results are quick and the recovery process after surgery is relatively fast.

There are four types of kidney stone surgery:

1. Renal pelvis or sinus incision and stone removal: incision of the renal pelvis, removal of stones, antler stones or calyceal stones, sometimes it is necessary to perform renal pelvis and calyceal stone removal in the renal sinus.

2. Renal parenchymal incision and stone removal: the kidney stone is large, and the renal parenchyma needs to be incised and removed.

3. Partial nephrectomy: It is suitable for multiple stones at the first pole of the kidney (mostly at the lower pole of the kidney), or in the dilated and poor drainage of the renal calyce.

4. Nephrectomy: one side of the kidney stone and severe hydronephrosis or pyometra, which has caused serious damage or loss of kidney function, while the other kidney function is good.

For these four types of surgery, it is recommended that the stone is larger and difficult to drain the choice, in the need for surgery can choose lithotripsy, in less than one centimeter can be conservatively observed first, choose the stone of the stone discharge, do not wait until it is serious in regret!

The common methods of kidney stone lithotripsy are ultrasound extracorporeal lithotripsy and laser lithotripsy, and the cost of lithotripsy varies from region to region, from hospital to hospital and from patient to patient. Generally, a lithotripsy is about 1000-2000 yuan, but there are preoperative examination fees and postoperative drugs or other charges, so the specific cost should consult the local hospital. After lithotripsy surgery, it is also necessary to cooperate with the drug to remove stones, and the stone drink ye promotes stone expulsion, and Lin Bao Pharmaceutical's stone expulsion liquid is used to relieve stones.

In fact, there is no best kidney stone, only the most suitable for one's own disease and the least harm to the body. Everyone should first clarify their own disease situation, and then choose the appropriate method.

** method of kidney stones.

1. Conservative** (drug expulsion).

It is suitable for patients with nephrolithiasis with a diameter of less than 1 cm and no urinary tract obstructive lesions. Drinking a lot of water, traditional Chinese medicine to expel stones, moderate exercise and other methods are used to help the stones pass by themselves, patients with colic are treated with analgesics, antispasmodic, etc., and patients with colics are given anti-infection at the same time. Now there is a Chinese medicine Defu's squallium tea, which is not bad, and regulates the expulsion of stones from the body.

Wishing you good health. Kidney stones, ureteral stones and bladder stones belong to the category of "stone shower" in traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine mostly uses the best methods of clearing dampness and heat, and clearing and draining stones. Traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of fewer stones and prevention of stones, and is widely used in clinical practice.

For stones with a transverse diameter greater than 8mm, or stones in special parts, it is necessary to go through minimally invasive surgical lithotripsy, and then use a conservative method to take stone removal drugs to help remove residual stones.

2. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is the use of external shock wave focusing to break up the stones in the body and make them excrete with urine. The advantage is that there is no need for anesthesia, no hospitalization, and it can be received on an outpatient basis**. Note that too many times will cause damage to kidney tissue, and the total number of times is best less than three times.

3. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a technique and means to remove stones and relieve obstruction by means of lithotripsy and stone removal instruments through the channel created by percutaneous nephrostomy, monitored by X-ray fluoroscopy, and directly visualized by endoluminescence nephroscope.

Different types of kidney stones are treated differently in later stages. If there is no need for surgery in the early stage of kidney stone disease, it may be enough to use conservative**, and there is no need to use more surgery for the body**.

Prevention and daily attention to kidney stones.

1.Drink plenty of water. The amount of water to drink is generally 2000-3000ml per day.

2.Exercise more. Refers to the movement up and down, and the stone is moved down or discharged by gravity.

3.Eat more fruits and vegetables. Because vegetables and fruits make the urine alkaline, it is good for dissolving stones.

4.Eat more fish oil. There is a special unsaturated fatty acid in fish oil, which has the effect of preventing stones and protecting kidney function.

5.Drink less beer.

6.Animal offal should be eaten less, because the purine content is very high, and the uric acid will be very high after eating

7.Eat less salt and less sugar.

8.Be careful to eat less vegetables high in oxalic acid. Some leafy greens like spinach, celery, and lettuce contain a lot of oxalic acid and should be eaten sparingly.

10.Dinner should be eaten early. A large precipitation of calcium can be avoided.

Surgical methods for kidney stones mainly include:

1. Ureteroscopic surgery: including soft and hard scopes, soft scopes are often used for renal pelvis or kidney stones, and the stones are taken out of the body after the stones are crushed;

2. Percutaneous nephroscopic surgery: it can reach the kidney, renal pelvis and renal calyces and other parts, and remove the stones after crushing the stones, especially for cast stones;

3. Laparoscopic surgery: If there are a large number of stones in the renal calyces, patients with renal insufficiency or recurrent infections can remove the stones under laparoscopy.