Why did so many great thinkers appear in the Spring and Autumn Period for more than 2,000 years?

Because in that period, there were not so many restrictions on thinking. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it only paid attention to the rule of etiquette and music, and did not restrict the freedom of thinkers to disseminate their ideological achievements, so there was a grand occasion of a hundred schools of thought contending during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Thinkers of different schools of thought spoke freely, wrote books, and put forward commendable views, but no doctrine at that time occupied a position of absolute authority.

The Confucianism, Taoism, Moism, and so on that we know today all came from that era when a hundred schools of thought contended. <>

Even in the Warring States period, when etiquette and music collapsed, there was still no restriction on the freedom of thinkers. But later, the Qin State unified the six countries and established the Qin Dynasty, and the system of governing the country by the princes of the Son of Heaven in the Spring and Autumn Period was completely abolished, and Qin Shi Huang unified the currency script and weights and measures, and established a dynasty with a centralized system. As the new Son of Heaven, the emperor no longer divided power to the princes and kings like Zhou Tianzi, but became a monarch with a supreme position and absolute executive power.

In order to realize his own centralization, he must control the thoughts of the people in the world, so Qin Shi Huang opened the knife with the most disobedient Confucian, openly arrested Confucianism, buried and killed, and burned Confucian books. If the controversy of a hundred schools of thought in the past was the free speech of each family, then the burning of books and the pit of Confucianism is undoubtedly a brutal suppression at the spiritual level. When people see the fate of those Confucian scholars who were buried alive and the Confucian books that were burned, they will realize that the Qin Dynasty was not an era where they could speak freely.

People have to be an obedient social tool, and if they come up with better ideas because of non-stop thinking, they will be arrested and executed. Even if the Qin Dynasty was later overthrown, the Han Dynasty was established, and the status of Confucianism was rehabilitated, it directly became the deposition of Confucianism. The rise of Confucianism to the authoritative ideology may seem like a good thing, but it further limits the development of other schools.

Therefore, the grand occasion of the Spring and Autumn Period cannot be returned.

Because at that time, hundreds of schools of thought contended, the stars were shining, and many outstanding people gathered together.

Because the society at that time was relatively enlightened, every country wanted to be strong, and the slave society had come to an end, which was a need for change, and all kinds of ideas came into being, accompanied by the production of a large number of thinkers, this is an era of a hundred flowers blooming, a hundred schools of thought contending.

Politically, society is in the midst of a period of great change. This creates a relaxed academic atmosphere for hundreds of schools of thought to contend.

Economically, the Spring and Autumn economy developed greatly, which allowed certain people to have time to engage in their own academic activities.

The emergence of the phenomenon of cultural downward migration.

They are Confucius, Mencius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Xunzi, Mozi, Han Feizi, and are also known as the seven sons of the pre-Qin Dynasty.

Confucius, Mencius, Han Fei, Sun Wu, Zhang Yi, Lü Buwei, and Lao Tzu all had great influence, and they were very well-known figures at that time.

Confucius, Mencius, Lao Tzu, Han Feizi, Sun Wu, Zhang Yi, Lü Buwei.

1.Economy: Productivity determines the relations of production, at that time, the promotion of iron tools and cattle farming, and the development of commercial activities (Linzi, the capital of Qi State), social productivity has been significantly improved, and social wealth has been accumulated.

The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was a turbulent transition period in ancient China from a slave society like a feudal society, and it was precisely because of the years of scuffle that the well field system on which slavery depended was destroyed, and the emerging landlord class grew up, and gradually established the relations of production, so that the feudal society could be established, and there was a certain economic foundation, and a group of thoughtful and knowledgeable people gradually emerged, in other words, the economic base determines the superstructure.

2.Politics: years of social turmoil, mergers between various countries, in order to achieve the final victory, prompting many countries to carry out changes, the rulers urgently need a group of people of insight to help the country carry out reforms to meet the needs of the times, people's minds have been emancipated to a certain extent, advocating everyone to speak freely, common **, which gave birth to a group of thinkers.

3.Ideology and culture: Different ideologies and cultures began to collide with each other, and gradually became more and more intense, eventually leading to the emergence of several major ideas, such as Legalism, Confucianism, Moism, Taoism, Celebrity, Yin and Yang, and so on.

There are several factors that make great thinkers, first.

First, the use of iron tools has greatly improved productivity and contributed to the great development of the economy, and the development of the economy has contributed to the prosperity of culture. Second, the widespread use of bamboo tubes makes it easier for books to circulate and for cultural knowledge to be disseminated more easily. Third, economic development promotes the increase of population, and the increase of population promotes the increase of cities and towns and the development of transportation.

Fourth, more and more people have started private schools, and they have opened classes and taught books, written books, and disseminated their ideas, which made their ideas more convenient to circulate. All of the above makes great thinkers.

At that time, a hundred flowers were blooming, a hundred schools of thought contended, and the great thinker Confucius,

A list of famous thinkers of the Spring and Autumn period.

The Spring and Autumn Period was a turbulent period in Chinese history, with countries at war with each other and a grim social climate, which also gave birth to many outstanding thinkers. Let's take a look at some of the famous thinkers of the Spring and Autumn Period.

Confucius: Confucius, also known as Confucius, was one of the greatest thinkers of ancient China, and his ideas and theories were widely used in various fields such as education, politics, morality, and religion. Confucius advocated benevolent government and the golden mean, and he believed that people should adhere to the golden mean, not only to know but also to do, and to do their best to achieve both benevolence and love, so as to achieve a harmonious and stable society.

Xunzi: Xunzi is one of the famous thinkers in ancient China, and is known as the "soldier saint" who carries the army. His ideas permeate the political, military, legal, economic and other fields, and have had a profound impact on Chinese history.

Xunzi advocated "respecting the king and honoring the law", believing that the king should abide by the law and not be based on personal will. At the same time, he also advocated the "theory of non-fate", that is, people are not destined to be rich and poor because they are born, but decide their own destiny according to their personal struggles and efforts.

Mozi: Mozi Chun or Mo Zi was one of the famous thinkers of ancient China, and his ideas are known as "Mohist thought". Mozi advocated both love and opposed war and violence, which was very much in line with the social formation of China in the past 400 BC.

He also put forward the ideas of "non-aggression", "love", and "economy", emphasizing respect for human nature, praising labor, and opposing luxury and waste.

Han Feizi: Han Feizi was one of the famous thinkers in the Spring and Autumn Period and was known as the "power strategist". His thinking involves many aspects such as state, society, and culture, emphasizing pragmatism and rationalism.

Han Feizi advocated a strict legal system and scientific management to regulate social order and promote social progress.

These thinkers have made important contributions to the development of Chinese culture and society, and their ideas are still passed down today. The development of science and technology, economic prosperity, and changes in the social system all require excellent thinkers to lead.

There are political, economic, cultural, scientific, technological, and academic reasons, which are detailed below;

1. Political reasons. At that time, the society was in an era of great changes, the society was in turmoil, and the vassal states established their own countries one after another, in order to be in a hegemonic position in the competition, so the vassal states at that time recruited and absorbed talents, and wanted to use different doctrines to make their countries stronger. Such an environment provides a good academic environment for scholars from all walks of life, and also provides a good academic atmosphere for hundreds of schools of thought to contend.

2. Economic reasons. The rapid economic development of the time allowed some scholars to obtain things without having to work on their own. In the case of economic easing, they were able to continue their doctrine.

3. Cultural reasons. The official positions that were originally only hereditary nobles were gradually allowed to be held by lower-class scholars, and the status of the common people was improved. It promoted the development of culture and education, so there was even a wave of going to school at that time.

4. Scientific and technological reasons. At that time, science was greatly developed, such as optics, acoustics, mathematics and medicine. The development of academia also shows the improvement of people's living standards, and at the same time enriches people's spiritual and cultural world.

5. Academic reasons. Although scholarship was very popular at that time, it was not like the previous academic power, which was independent, but did not depend on various political forces, but existed independently. Therefore, although various academic schools struggle with each other, they still learn from each other and learn from each other in the struggle, which forms an academic atmosphere in which a hundred schools of thought contend.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the rapid development of social productive forces promoted the development of commerce and the prosperity of towns at that time. Traditional culture has been violently impacted, and at the same time, because of the exchange of various academic cultures, many famous teachers have emerged.