What are the challenges of achieving a universal health insurance system?

The main model of medical insurance in China is the social medical insurance model. The social medical insurance model is a medical insurance model that is enforced by the state through legislation, and the employer and the individual pay a certain proportion of the insurance premium to establish social insurance**, which is used for individual workers and their families to seek medical treatment.

According to Article 23 of the Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China, employees shall participate in the basic medical insurance for employees, and the employer and the employee shall jointly pay the basic medical insurance premiums in accordance with the provisions of the state. Individually-owned businesses without employees, part-time employees who have not participated in the basic medical insurance for employees in the employer, and other flexibly employed persons may participate in the basic medical insurance for employees, and the individual shall pay the basic medical insurance premiums in accordance with the provisions of the state.

At present, there are four main models in the world:

1) Voluntary insurance model, that is, the state does not intervene in the operation of medical insurance, and individuals voluntarily choose medical insurance organizations to provide medical insurance. Among them, it can be divided into two categories: community insurance and commercial insurance, the former insurer is a non-profit organization, and the latter insurer is for the purpose of making profits. At present, in both developed and developing countries, the community health insurance model plays a complementary role.

China's rural cooperative medical system before the reform and opening up is a community insurance model. Among the developed countries, the United States is the only country with commercial insurance as the backbone of the medical insurance system. For the elderly over 65 years of age, the poor, and those with severe disabilities, the United States has also implemented a state-funded medical assistance model as a supplement.

2) The compulsory medical savings model refers to a medical insurance model in which the state compels both employers and employees to establish insurance savings accounts through legislation and uses them to pay for the medical expenses of individuals and their family members. It is currently mainly implemented by Singapore.

3) Compulsory insurance model, that is, the national legislation stipulates that a certain range of people must participate in medical insurance, the insurance cost is borne by the land-based employer and employees, the insurance premium is paid as you go, and the age, gender and health status of the insured have nothing to do with the level of payment, and the medical treatment enjoyed is not affected by the amount of payment. Compared with the first two models, this health care system is much more risk-resistant and fair, and low-income people or those who do not have a job may not be able to participate in the insurance, but the state generally includes vulnerable groups in universal health insurance through the social assistance system.

4) Free universal health insurance, that is, all citizens, rich or poor, have access to nearly free medical services. Mainly in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Ireland, Denmark, Finland and Canada.

At present, most of the world's transition countries have adopted the basic structure of German-style social insurance, and only China's reform of the basic medical insurance system for urban workers has added elements of the Singapore model (i.e., personal accounts) to this basis.

Summary. Fifth, the benign interaction and common development between the "three medicines" require medical security to play a greater and better role. From the centralized procurement and use of drugs and medical consumables to the negotiation of access to the medical insurance drug catalog, and then to the reform of medical insurance payment methods and anti-medical insurance fraud, the medical security system has actually played a strategic purchasing role, effectively suppressing the inflated high prices of drugs and medical consumables, and at the same time improving the value of medical services of medical institutions, so as to more closely combine medical insurance, medicine and medical treatment.

First, the profound adjustment of the interest pattern may lead to the intensification of social risks. In the past, the reform of medical security was mainly promoted by "doing addition", and it was necessary to solve the problem of inclusiveness, and increase the public investment of the government and filial piety and increase the payment of employers to make the insured generally get better medical insurance treatment, which will be widely recognized and supported.

Second, the financial risk of medical security caused by the aging of the population will increase. According to the data of the seventh population census, the population aged 60 and above in the country reached 100 million, accounting for the total population.

Third, the normalization of the separation of households has put forward new requirements for the reform of the medical security system. China's population has the characteristics of high mobility, and the survey found that both the population output areas and the population import areas maintain a negative attitude towards the participation of permanent residents, because the population export areas will reduce the financial subsidies for local residents with household registration due to this reform, and the spring lead oak population import areas will increase local financial investment due to the coverage of the permanent population whose household registration is not local.

Fourth, the development and change of the demands of the people, the people, and the masses need to be constantly satisfied. After entering the new era, the people not only demand to effectively relieve the worries of medical treatment for disease closure and deficiency, but also need to meet their diverse and personalized health security needs, thus showing a trend of escalating demands.

Fifth, the benign interaction and common development between the "three medicines" require medical security to play a greater and better role. From the centralized procurement and use of drugs and medical consumables to the negotiation of access to the medical insurance drug catalog, and then to the reform of the payment method of medical insurance and anti-medical insurance fraud, the medical security system has in fact played a strategic purchasing role, effectively suppressing the inflated high prices of drugs and medical consumables, so that the value of medical services of medical institutions can be improved, and medical insurance, medicine and medical care will be closely combined from the model to the Qing Dynasty.

Trouble to give a thumbs up.

Thank you, dear. What is the state of cancer medical insurance in our country's economic operation.

Will Taikang Cancer Medical (CAR-T version) products be in demand in the market?

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Wait a minute, kiss. Cancer is a killer of human health, with a high rate of disease imbalance, and the impact on the patient's health after the disease is only greater, and it will affect life. However, Shanna's medical technology is becoming more and more developed, and the survival rate of cancer has also improved significantly, but the cost is still expensive, so it is necessary to configure cancer protection.

Ask about custom messages].

The reform of public hospitals was designed and promoted by **, but after the reform, the behavior of public hospitals gradually drifted away from the original intention of the ** reform. In order to reduce the financial burden and adapt to the situation of nationwide economic system reform, the health system has also been reformed since the 80s of the 20th century, and it has gradually moved from investing in hospitals to using policies to run hospitals. Hospitals both "eat" ** (financial input) and "eat" patients (usurious charges).

Policy investment such as drugs and medical materials has gradually become the main channel for first-class investment and hospital compensation. In the face of the dualization of the compensation mechanism, whether and to what extent can hospitals enjoy the benefits of policy input. It directly depends on the market share held by the hospital.