The knowledge about spores, the narrative about spores is correct

Spore. Some bacteria (mostly bacilli) under certain conditions, the cytoplasm is highly concentrated and dehydrated, forming a spherical or oval dormant body with strong resistance to stress. A bacterial cell forms only 1 spor, some at one end of the cell and some in the middle of the cell.

Because spores are formed inside cells, they are also often called endospores. The spores can survive adverse environments and are extremely resistant to drought and high and low temperatures. When conditions improve, 1 spore can form 1 bacterial cell.

The spores of some bacteria can still germinate for more than 10 years or more under dry conditions, some can tolerate low temperatures of -253, some are still viable after boiling in boiling water for 30 hours, and some spores die in a few minutes after 80 to 90. Therefore, sterilization of surgical procedures or syringes must be autoclaved. The bacteria that can form spores are all species of Clostridium and Bacillus in the bacillaceae family.

In addition, there are a few species of genera such as spirolettes, solitary bacteria, and octococcus. The study of spore formation and germination is of great theoretical and practical significance. Because some bacteria that can form spores are pathogenic bacteria in the human body.

In the food, medicine, and fermentation industries, the spores of bacteria must be completely eliminated. Some spores can be used to kill pests, such as Bacillus thuringiensis, green worm fungus, borer bacillus, etc., when forming spores, they also produce protein associated cell crystals, which have a strong toxic effect on lepidopteran insects. Therefore, these bacillus are made into insecticides, and the insects are treated with bacteria, and they are called bacterial pesticides.

What are spores? Root Bacillus animation, vivid and intuitive explanation.

Spores are round or oval bodies formed by the dehydration and concentration of cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of certain bacteria (mainly gram-positive bacilli) under certain conditions.

Because the spores are highly resistant to physical and chemical factors such as heat, drying, radiation, and chemical disinfectants, they are of great significance in medical practice.

Because the spores have strong resistance to physical and chemical factors, whether the spores are killed can be used as an indicator to judge the sterilization effect.

Special attention should be paid to bacteria that can form spores that contaminate the ward, operating room, etc., and the room must be closed for thorough sterilization;

The shape, size, and position of bacterial spores vary with the species, and have important identification value.

Function: The spores can develop into corresponding bacteria under suitable conditions;

The spores are very resistant;

One of the bases for the identification of bacteria.

Bacillus is a species of the genus Bacillus, which is positive for Gram stain and is a class of aerobic bacteria. The bacterium is non-toxic and can secrete a variety of enzymes and antibiotics such as proteases. It can directly use nitrate and nitrite to purify water quality.

In addition, a variety of enzymes and antibiotics secreted can be used to inhibit the growth of other bacteria, thereby reducing or even eliminating pathogens in aquaculture animals, reducing the occurrence of diseases and improving breeding efficiency. It can improve the intestinal microflora of aquatic animals, enhance the digestion and absorption function of animals, promote the utilization of calcium, phosphorus and iron in animals, promote the absorption of vitamin D, enhance the body's disease resistance, and reduce the bait coefficient.

1. Spores, also known as endospores, are bacterial hypnozoites.

Second, the role of spores:

1. Classification and identification, the spores of different bacteria have different characteristics, from shape, size, surface characteristics, to the relationship with the bacteria, etc., so they can be used as the basis or reference for classification and identification;

2. Scientific research materials, due to the unique production mode of spores, have become good materials for studying morphogenesis and genetic control;

3. Preservation of strains, strains have strong resistance to adverse environments, can maintain vitality for decades, make bacteria survive the harsh environment in nature, and are good materials for preserving strains in the laboratory;

4. Isolate strains, the heat resistance of spores is helpful for the separation of spores and bacteria, and the bacteria-containing suspension is heat treated to kill all vegetative cells, and the bacterial species that form spores can be screened;

5. Biological insecticide, some spore bacteria can produce a biconical crystal inclusion called a conical crystal inclusion called a conical crystal, which is a protein toxin that can kill the larvae of certain insects while producing spores.

The narrative about spores is true that spores are a dormant mode of bacteria. Tie-in

Spore is a dormant form of bacteria, some bacteria contain spores, some bacteria do not contain spores, bacteria containing spores are formed by concentration and dehydration of the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of bacteria under special environmental conditions, showing a round or oval shape, spores contain all the substances needed for the survival and reproduction of bacteria, under suitable conditions, spores can germinate to form propagules, spores have strong resistance to the outside world, and have strong resistance to light, heat, ultraviolet rays and common disinfectants.

Spore-producing bacteria can multiply quickly when nutrients are abundant, but when they are deficient, they produce spores and bacteria form hypnozoites.

Bacteria are resilient after forming spores, such as the spores of Clostridium botulinum that take several hours to kill when boiling water. Even some bacterial spores can remain dormant for years or decades, and can be reactivated when conditions are right.

Composition:

1. Spore protoplast (core core): contains concentrated protoplasm.

2. Inner membrane: formed by the cell membrane of the original reproductive bacteria, surrounding the spore protoplasm. There are also fine molds.

3. Spore wall: It is composed of peptidoglycan of propagating bacteria and surrounds the inner membrane. After germination, it becomes the cell wall of bacteria.

4. Cortex: It is the thickest layer of the spore envelope, composed of peptidoglycan, but the structure is different from the peptidoglycan of the cell wall, with less cross-linking, the polysaccharide scaffold is muramic anhydride instead of muramic acid, and the tetrapeptide side chain is composed of L-ala.

5. Outer membrane: It is also formed by the bacterial cell membrane.

6 Coat: Spore shell, tough and dense in texture, composed of keratinlike protein, containing a large number of disulfide bonds, with hydrophobic characteristics.

7. Exosporium: The spore coat is the outermost layer of the spores, which is composed of lipoproteins and carbohydrates (sugars) and has a loose structure.

Spores, also known as endospores, are bacterial dormant bodies.

Because the spores are different from the slow drainage cells in terms of structure and chemical composition, the spores have many characteristics that are different from those of vegetative cells. The most important characteristic of the spores is that they are highly resistant, and they are highly resistant to high temperatures, ultraviolet rays, dryness, ionizing radiation, and toxic chemicals.

The spores also have strong refractive properties. When observing the stained spore bacterial smear under the microscope, it is easy to distinguish the spores from the vegetative cells, which are stained with color, and the spores exhibit a transparent and colorless appearance due to their dye-resistant and refractive properties.

Expansion: The difference between spores and spores is mainly that spores are not propagules of bacteria and cannot reproduce, spores can.

The description of the spores is correctly described as follows:

The following description of the spores is correct ( d Acacia infiltrate).

A Spore is a spor, B A spor is a germ cell produced by bacteria under adverse environmental conditions, c The red, brown, green, black and other colors on the surface of the mold colony are the color of the spores D The spores are the dormant bodies of bacteria and have strong resistance to adverse environments.

When bacteria encounter an unfavorable environment, they can form spores to survive the adverse environment. Under certain conditions, some bacteria (mostly bacilli) have thickened cell walls and highly concentrated cytoplasm to form a spherical or oval dormant body with strong resistance to stress under certain conditions. The main characteristic of spores is that they are highly resistant, and they are highly resistant to high temperatures, ultraviolet rays, dryness, ionizing radiation, and many toxic chemicals.

When encountering a suitable environment, the spores return to life, and a spor only becomes a bacterium, so the spores are not germ cells, but are the dormant bodies of bacteria, and have strong resistance to the poor environment of spine.

Spores, also known as endospores, are bacterial dormant bodies.

Spores: After some bacteria grow and develop to a certain stage, they can form a round, oval stress-resistant hypnozoite in the cell, the spores have a strong ability to resist heat, radiation, chemicals, etc., the spores of bacteria are the form of special hypnozoites, it is the concentration of the original biomass of bacteria, low water content, and has strong resistance to cold, drought, high temperature, nutrient deficiency, etc., and can survive the adverse environment.

In the high temperature, no food, dry and other adversities can help bacteria to spend a long time, during this period the metabolic rate of bacteria is almost 0, scientists have found the spores of bacteria 3,000 years ago in fossils underground, put them under suitable conditions, and come back to life.

The correct description of the spores is: they are a dormant form of bacteria.

Spores, also known as endospores, are bacterial dormant bodies. The common spore-producing bacteria are mainly Bacillus spp., Clostridium spp., and Lactobacillus spp.

Spore-producing bacteria form round or oval spore hypnozoites in the thallus when nutrient conditions are lacking. The spores have very low water content, strong stress resistance, and can withstand high temperature, ultraviolet rays, ionizing radiation and a variety of chemical substances.

Since spores are different from vegetative cells in terms of structure and chemical composition, spores also have many characteristics that are different from vegetative cells. The main characteristic of the spores is that they are highly resistant, and they are highly resistant to high temperatures, ultraviolet rays, dryness, ionizing radiation, and many toxic chemicals. At the same time, the spores have strong refractive properties.

Morphology

Some bacteria (Bacillus, Clostridium, a few cocci, etc.) form a round or oval, thick-walled, low-water, stress-resistant hypnozoite structure in the cell during the ridged stage of their growth and development, which is called a spor.

In different bacteria, the spores are located in different positions, some in the middle, some at the partial end, and some at the apex. The spores are generally round, oval, and cylindrical in shape.

The narrative about spores is correct that spores are dormant bodies in which bacteria survive a hostile environment.

Endospore, also known as endospores, is a bacterium that becomes dormant and causes rapid onset. Common spore-producing bacteria are mainly Bacillus, Clostridium, Sporolaetobacilbs, etc. When the nutritional conditions are lacking, spore-producing bacteria form round or elliptical parabasal spore hypnozoites in the cell.

The spores have very low water content, strong stress resistance, and can withstand high temperature, ultraviolet rays, ionizing radiation and a variety of chemical substances.

Although the English names for spores and spores are both spore, the boundaries between the mu family have never been confused, and there has never been a disagreement in the microbiology community.

In a harsh environment, a bacterium produces a spor, and when the conditions are right, it becomes a bacterium again, and the number does not increase, so the spores are not propagules of bacteria, they are dormant bodies, so it is more accurate to call them "spores".

Microbiological Terminology (2nd Edition) (2012) is the second edition of microbiological terminology approved and published by the National Committee for the Examination and Approval of Scientific and Technological Terms, in which "spores" are included as standard entries, also known as "spores".