What is rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis? What are the causes and symptoms?

There are many reasons for glomerulonephritis, including the following: 1. Pathogens, common bacteria, viruses, parasites, protozoa, etc., which can cause acute infection of the kidneys, and inflammation, so that the kidney function declines sharply and manifests as nephritis; 2. Patients take some drugs orally, heavy metals, etc., which will reduce kidney function and cause damage to the kidneys, which is drug-induced damage; 3. Some tumors, common benign and malignant tumors can cause kidney involvement and nephritis; 4. Caused by other diseases, such as allergenic purpura, hepatitis, diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.; 5. The patient's own immune dysfunction; 6. Genetic factors.

There are many causes of nephritis. For example, if hypertensive patients do not control their blood pressure in their daily life, there is a high possibility that the condition will be aggravated, which will affect the normal kidney function of the patient, and finally the problem of nephritis. Bacterial infections can also cause nephritis.

Viruses and parasites are one of the causes of nephritis. In addition, among all the factors that induce nephritis, upper respiratory tract infection is also one of the more common. In addition, if the patient is overtired, infected with viruses, improperly administered drugs, or staying up late for a long time, etc., the patient's resistance will be reduced, and the burden on the kidneys will be increased, which may also cause nephritis.

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is not difficult to find, so what are the clinical manifestations of rapidly progressive deficit glomerulonephritis?

The clinical manifestations of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis are mainly as follows: acute nephritis syndrome, with acute onset, hematuria, proteinuria, edema, and hypertension are common. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis usually presents with oliguria or anuria in the early stage, progressive deterioration of renal function, and is complicated by uremia.

Patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis are often accompanied by moderate anemia, because there are three different pathological types of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, so they have their specificity in clinical manifestations, the clinical manifestations of type 1 often have pulmonary hemorrhage, and the diagnosis of goodpaster's syndrome, about half of the patients with type 2 can be accompanied by nephrotic syndrome, and patients with type 3 often have unexplained fever, fatigue, arthralgia and hemoptysis and other manifestations of systemic vasculitis.

Glomerulonephritis is a common form of nephropathy with symptoms such as edema, hematuria, and hypertension, usually after acute hemolytic streptococcal infection. Nephritis is extremely harmful to the body, and can even develop into kidney failure and uremia, which is life-threatening. Therefore, it is necessary to keep abreast of its related symptoms and choose the right method.

The general manifestations of acute glomerulonephritis are generally streptococcal infection for about 1 to 3 weeks, and the lesions of infection are mainly pyoderma or respiratory tract. At the onset of the disease, all patients will have hematuria, which may be smoky or yellowish-brown, and may also be treated with meat wash. Visible hematuria disappears in about two weeks.

Under the microscope, hematuria lasts for about 3 months. The condition can get worse after strenuous exercise or infection. Another part of the patient will have edema, especially after waking up in the morning, mild only facial or eyelid edema, severe body edema, edema will be non-depressive.

Edema can also reduce urine output, and as urine output increases, edema will slowly decrease. In addition, some patients have high blood pressure, which is moderately or mildly elevated, and after two weeks the increase in urine output returns the blood pressure to normal levels.

Severe performance due to the retention of sodium and water, coupled with the increase in plasma volume, will cause people to have circulatory congestion, mainly manifested as shortness of breath, purple around the lips, frequent coughing, coughing up powdery sputum, rapid heartbeat, and even accompanied by hepatomegaly and increased venous pressure. When blood pressure rises sharply, it can cause vasospasm or dilation of blood vessels in the brain, causing the brain to swell. Patients often have a sudden severe headache, accompanied by nausea and vomiting, sudden blurred vision, and in severe cases, coma or convulsions.

In addition, patients with acute renal failure may experience anuria or oliguria, which may cause electrolyte imbalances and metabolic acidosis, which generally lasts about 3 days. When the amount of urine increases, the condition improves. If several messages continue to be sent without replying, the prognosis becomes very severe.

Hematuria is often the first symptom of onset, and is present in almost all patients. Gross hematuria occurs in 30% to 40% of patients with wash-watery urine that disappears within a few days to one to two weeks. Edema is often an early symptom and main manifestation of the disease, which occurs in more than 60% of cases, ranging from morning eyelid edema to the whole body in severe cases.

Symptoms include backache, body edema, blood in the urine, high blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, nausea; Because acute glomerulonephritis is very serious, it is generally men who get this disease, so it must be prevented as soon as possible.

In medicine, it is mainly divided into acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, which is inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, with proteinuria, hematuria, edema, and increased blood pressure as the basic symptoms.

Answer]: C Rapidly progressive conjungular glomerulonephritis is characterized by significant proliferation of epithelial cells in the glomerular sac wall, a large number of nail-like protrusions of the capillary basement membrane are the characteristics of membranous glomerulonephritis, the thickening of the capillary blood canal wall is the characteristic of membranous glomerulonephritis, and the proliferation of mesangial cells and glomerular endothelial cells are the characteristics of acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. Therefore, C.

Answer] :d analysis: choose D for hail questions this year. Acute glomerulonephritis is mostly caused by glomerulonephritis after acute streptococcal sensation and coarse infection, and is mostly caused by hemolytic streptococcal group A group 12 infection. Master the knowledge of "acute glomerulonephritis".

Ease the answer] disturb which Wang: d

Select D for this question. Acute glomerulonephritis is mostly caused by glomerulonephritis after acute streptococcal infection, and most of the patients are caused by hemolytic streptococcal group A group 12 infection.

Answer]: B2Pale red urine is clear hematuria, seen in urological disorders; Soy sauce-like urine is a haemoglobin source wide urine, which can be seen in hemolytic jaundice; dark yellow urine in bilirubinuria, seen in hepatocellular jaundice and obstructive jaundice; Celitura is common in filariasis.

Answer]: The number of collapses a

The branches of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis are divided into three types according to the immunopathological manifestations. Type I: anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis, positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody; Type refers to immune complex glomerulonephritis, which is caused by the formation of immune complexes to activate complement; The type is smug-sensitive refers to oligoimmune complex glomerulonephritis, ANCA positive; The pathological type is crescent nephritis, which is manifested by the formation of crescents in more than 50 of the glomerular sacs, so other options are ruled out, so A is chosen.

Test center: Pathology and clinical classification of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.