Spinach virus disease is a common disease of spinach, what are the symptoms of spinach virus disease

Typically, the onset conditions are; The seedling stage is high temperature and drought, which is suitable for the occurrence of aphids, and the occurrence of spinach virus disease is serious. Extensive management, insufficient fertilizer and water, weak seedling growth, low disease resistance, or fields close to cucumbers, radish, cabbage and other vegetable fields are seriously diseased. Spinach virus disease is caused by turnip mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, and sugar beet mosaic virus, commonly known as atrophic toxin disease; The three viruses can be infected alone, or two or three combined infections, and spinach cultivated in various regions will be affected by these viruses, and spinach is prone to two viral diseases.

The causative agent is a virus, which is caused by the infection of multiple viruses alone or in combination. The known sources of poison in China are at least broad bean wilt virus (BBWV, about 70%) and beet mosaic virus (BMV, about 20%).

<> can be shot with cloud liss and virus drugs, viruses are obligate parasites. Often coexist and die with the living vegetable, it can only live a parasitic life in the living plant, and copy itself, can not absorb and use the dead substance, the host plant dies, decomposes, the heart leaves of the victim plant atrophy or are flowering and leaf-like, the old leaves die early and fall off, and the plant shrinks into a spherical shape. The diseased plants infected by cucumber mosaic virus showed small and deformed leaves, shortened internodes, clumped shapes, and yellowing of new leaves. Diseased strains infected with turnip mosaic virus.

The spinach white spot fungus overwinters in the soil with the mycelium and the diseased residues, and spreads through wind and rain in the next spring. It is easy to develop disease under weak growth potential, warm and humid conditions, and severe disease is caused by low-lying terrain, nest wind, and poor management. Prevention and control methods:

Spinach virus disease is a disease caused by parasitic plant viruses. Plant viruses must live parasitically in host cells and are highly specialized. Prevention and control should do the following:

1. Enhance the disease resistance of spinach plants, 2. Timely treatment of pathogens, 3. Timely replenishment of crops.

Chinese cabbage virus disease, also known as solitary disease or convulsions, is one of the earliest of the three major diseases of Chinese cabbage. The disease can occur from the seedling stage to the heart stage, at the onset, the leaf skin is shrunken, uneven, especially the heart leaf is spastic, and yellow-green mosaic disease appears.

The leaves of spinach undergo a certain color change, because the internal structure of spinach changes dramatically when such a disease occurs.

1. Mosaic type. Many yellow spots appear on the leaves of the diseased plants, which gradually develop into irregular dark green and light green flowering leaves. The edge of the leaf is rolled downward, and the diseased plant is not significantly dwarfed.

2. Dwarf type. In addition to the symptoms of mosaic leaves, the leaves of the diseased plants also became narrow, shrunken and had nodulous protrusions, the heart leaves were curled, and the plants were severely dwarfed. 、

That is, the leaves will wither, and they will die in large areas, and they will only bloom and not bear fruit. This is the symptom of poisoning.

Many yellow spots appear on the leaves, which gradually develop into irregular dark green and light green flowering leaves, the leaf edges are rolled downward, the diseased leaves are also narrowed, shrunken and have nodulous protrusions, the heart leaves are curled, and the plant is seriously dwarfed.

But today we are not talking about eating, but about planting, there will be a lot of pests and diseases in the process of planting spinach, what good ways do we have to prevent and control, is the key to planting good spinach to eat in shabu-shabu. The main symptoms of mildew disease are the leaves of spinach, which will have small yellow spots at the beginning, mainly concentrated on the back of the leaves, and will gradually turn grayish-purple in the back, mainly spreading from the bottom of the spinach to the top. Botrytis cinerea, this fungus mainly acts on the leaves, showing irregular brown spots, and may be found as large spots in the later stage, with gray signs of mold on the back of the leaves, and even rotting and blackening in severe cases.

The symptoms of spinach leukoplakia are mainly manifested on the leaves. The lower leaves are the first to develop the disease, the lesions are round to nearly round, the edges of the lesions are obvious, the size is millimeters, the middle of the lesions is yellowish-white, the outer edge is brown to purple-brown, and gradually develops into white spots after expansion. High humidity.

<> reasonable crop rotation, timely removal of the previous crop residue and leaf loss, take out of the field for deep burial and burning; Before sowing, the new high-fat film should be used to dress the seeds, and the seeds should be sown at the right time, and then the new high-fat film should be sprayed to keep the surface insulation and moisture to improve the seedling emergence rate. Strengthen field management, reasonable dense planting, the main damage to the stem base of spinach, leaves, stems and roots can be damaged, the seeds of spinach with bacteria are infected after germination, and the stem base of the seedlings becomes brown and shrunk after unearthing, causing cataplexy or rot, resulting in lack of seedlings.

In the early stage of the disease, spray 400-500 times of 30% green debao suspension, or 1::160 times Bordeaux liquid, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 700 times liquid, 50% multi-mold seedling stage should pay attention to reasonable irrigation and top dressing, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be reasonable, and timely spraying of foliar fertilizer to promote the healthy growth of plants, improve disease resistance, promote leaf hypertrophy, leaf color and tenderness, and strong natural taste. Choose a ventilated plot with flat terrain and sufficient organic fertilizer to plant spinach, properly watered, and carefully managed to improve plant disease resistance; After harvesting, the diseased residues should be removed in time, and buried or burned in a concentrated manner to reduce the source of disease.

It may be because of some pests and diseases, but also because of some mosquitoes, mainly because they will produce some black spots, and the leaves are also relatively wilted.

Symptoms of spinach downy mildew: spinach downy mildew is mainly harmful to the leaves, which are pale yellow at the beginning, small spots with inconspicuous edges, and become irregular after expansion, and the back of the leaves produces a gray-white mold layer, which gradually turns into light purple, and when it is severe, the whole leaf turns yellow, and when the humidity is high, the leaves are rotten. Generally, it is foggy, rainy or rainy, the field humidity is high, the planting density is large, and the disease is severe under low temperature and high humidity conditions, and the disease occurrence is inhibited during high temperature and drought.

The causes of spinach downy mildew are mostly related to low temperature and high humidity conditions. Once downy mildew occurs, the pathogen can also be systematically infected, and the system-infected strains are prone to atrophy. The lesions expand upwards from the lower part of the plant, the diseased leaves wither yellow when drought, rot more when the humidity is high, and the whole leaves of the serious plant turn yellow and die, and some vegetable plants are atrophied.

Spinach downy mildew is a fungal disease, mainly harming leaves, at the beginning of the disease, the leaf surface produces light green dots to develop into light yellow lesions, and later expands into irregular lesions, and the leaf dorsal lesions are gray-white to lilac velvety mold layer, which is the symptom of the disease (bacterial sporangia and sporangia). In severe cases, the lesions are covered with leaves, and eventually the leaves are yellowed and inedible.

The causative agent of spinach downy mildew is the hyphae overwintering on the infested plants and seeds or in the body of the diseased remnant. In the spring of the second year, it spreads through air currents, rainwater, farm tools, insects, and agricultural operations.

Symptoms: Spinach downy mildew mainly affects leaves. When the leaves are damaged, they begin to produce small spots with light yellow irregularities, and after enlargement, the lesions are connected with each other, and when they are severe, the leaves are yellow, and when they are wet, the diseased leaves rot, and there is a gray-purple mold layer on the back of the diseased leaves, that is, sporangia and sporangia.

Spinach wilt disease generally occurs more seriously in the adult plant stage, mainly harming leaves. Pale green dots appear on the affected leaf surface at first, and then expand into pale yellow irregular spots with indistinct edge demarcation, and gray-white to lilac velvety mold layer appears on the lesions on the dorsal leaves, which is the symptom of the disease (pathogenic cyst peduncle and sporangia). In severe cases, the lesions are covered with leaves, and eventually the leaves are yellowed and inedible.

The pathogen can also be systematically infected, and the diseased plants that are systematically infected are prone to atrophy.

Spinach 4 6 infects the roots from the leaf stage to the pre-harvest period, and the apex of the taproot and lateral roots or the root of the lateral roots turn brown to black-brown, and the vascular ducts also turn brown are the main features that distinguish the disease. The main root and lateral roots of the severely affected disease fell off, and the outer leaves first turned yellow and then expanded inward, causing the whole plant to die. Spinach wilt pathogens mainly spend summer or overwinter with plant disease residues in the soil or seeds.

Seeds can carry bacteria, as can unrotted manure. The germs can be spread by rainwater and irrigation water, and can invade directly from root wounds or root tips. High temperature and humidity are conducive to the onset of the disease; The soil temperature is about 30, the soil is moist, the fertilizer is not ripe, and there are many underground pests and nematodes, which are prone to <>

1) Disease-resistant varieties should be selected according to local conditions, and new high-fat film dressing should be applied before sowing (which can repel underground pests and diseases, isolate virus infection, and improve seed germination rate), and at the same time, the leaves of the previous crop residues should be removed in time, and brought out of the field for deep burial and burning; and spray disinfectant on the ground with 800 times of new high-fat film to disinfect the soil; Sow seeds in a timely manner, and then spray the surface insulation and moisture preservation with a new high-fat film to prevent and control soil splice and improve the seedling emergence rate. Implement 3 5 years rotation with onion, garlic and gramineous crops to avoid continuous cropping.

2) Apply compost or decomposed organic fertilizer, and adopt formula fertilization technology to improve the disease resistance of spinach. <>

3) Adopt high furrow or ridge cultivation, drain water in time after rain, and strictly prohibit flood irrigation.

4) If the diseased plant is found to be pulled out in time, the diseased hole and its surroundings should be poured and sprayed with 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, or 500 times of 40% polysulfur suspension, or 300 400 times of 10% anti-aqueous agent, sprayed once every half a month, and sprayed 2 or 3 times in a row. <>

The leaves are yellowish and shriveled, some particularly large white spots appear on the leaves, and the yield is drastically reduced.

The branches and leaves will be very wilted, and the spinach will also have some black spots, and these spots will be very unevenly distributed, so these are the symptoms of spinach wilt.

You will find that the plants are withered, and most of the leaves are yellow, the growth is relatively low, and the whole shape is relatively small, and it looks less fresh.

Spinach wilt disease at the onset of the disease, spinach tail local necrosis, in severe cases, the plant will die in large quantities, the cause of spinach wilt is because the pathogen is planted in the soil where spinach is planted, or there are residues on the leaves of spinach, for summer and winter, these pathogens enter from the roots of spinach when it rains, and then lead to the occurrence of spinach wilt.

The cause of the disease is the disease caused by high temperature and humidity. The soil temperature is too high or the soil is moist, the fertilizer is not fully decomposed, and there are many underground pests. Compost can be applied with a sufficiently decomposed compost and drained in time after rain.

Adopt high furrow or ridge cultivation, drain water in time after rain, and strictly prohibit flood irrigation.

The pathogen of spinach wilt is mycelium, conidia and thick wall spores that oversummer or overwinter in the soil or on the seeds along with the plant disease residues, and the unrotted manure can also carry the bacteria. Pathogens can be transmitted by rain and irrigation water, and can invade directly from root wounds or root tips.

Spinach downy mildew. Spinach downy mildew is a fungal disease caused by an oomycete. The pathogen overwinters on diseased leaves and seeds with hyphae or in diseased leaves with oospores.

The mold layer on the back of the lesion is the sporangia and sporangia of the fungus, which are spread by the air stream and produce new lesions. Condensation and high humidity are important conditions for pathogen infestation. Spinach downy mildew mainly damages the leaves.

The disease is severe under the conditions of high planting density, poor field ventilation, low-lying stagnant water, low temperature and high humidity.

2. Spinach white spot disease. Spinach white spot disease is a fungal disease, the fungus overwinters in the soil with the mycelium with the diseased residues, and the fungus spreads by wind and rain in the next spring. Weak growth, warm and humid conditions are susceptible to disease.

3. Spinach gray mold. It is mainly harmful to leaves. Initially, light brown irregularly shaped spots, which later expand into large light brown wettifying spots, and disease on the dorsal leaves of the leaves.

1, spinach downy mildew spinach downy mildew, the pathogen is spinach downy mildew, belonging to the subphylum Flagellates fungi, the sporangia stem extends from the stomata, the terminal peduncle is short and pointed, colorless, the spindle is not septated, the sporangia are ovate, apical, no milky process, translucent, unicell, oospore spherical, with a thick membrane, yellow-brown 2, the pathogen of spinach gray mold is Botrytis cinerea, which belongs to the subphylum Semi-Knowitives fungi, the pathogen mainly overwinters in the soil or with hyphae and conidia on the diseased residue, and germinates when the conditions are suitable in the spring of the second year, Conidia are produced, which are spread and infected by air currents and rainwater.

1. Spinach downy mildew is a fungal disease caused by an oomycete. 2. Spinach white spot disease is mainly manifested in the upper and lower leaves of the leaves. 3. Spinach gray mold produces a gray mold layer on the disease spots on the back of the leaves.