How to understand the involvement of macrophages in non specific immunity versus specific immunity?

Macrophages. It is a multi-purpose and multi-functional cell. As "scavengers" in the body, they remove dead cells and other waste materials from the body.

They are the first of many cells to "present" antigens, so one of its important functions initiates an immune response. In addition, as a secretory cell, monocyte.

and macrophages are particularly necessary for the regulation of immune responses and the development of inflammation. This is because they produce a powerful array of chemicals (mononuclear factors) in large quantities, including enzymes, complement proteins, and regulators such as interleukin 1. At the same time, because they have lymphokine receptors, they can be activated to pursue only a single invading microorganism or tumor cell.

Therefore, I personally think that it depends on the conditions. Macrophages are oh and can be involved in 2 different types of immunity.

The first line of defense is composed of ** and mucous membranes, which not only can block pathogens from invading the human body, but also their secretions (such as lactic acid, fatty acids, gastric acid and enzymes, etc.) also have the effect of sterilization; The second line of defense is the bactericidal substances in body fluids - lysozyme and phagocytic cells such as white blood cells, which have the effect of dissolving, phagocytosis and destroying pathogens This immunity is born in people, everyone has it, and it has immunity to a variety of pathogens, so it belongs to specific immunity After birth, it is formed after suffering from this disease or after being injected with vaccines, and it only has an immune effect on specific pathogens and is ineffective against other pathogens, and its effect is targeted, specific, and belongs to specific immunity

So the answer is:

Uptake, processing, and presentation of antigens.

Immunological function of macrophages:

Devouring killing and elimination (immediate non-specific phase);

secretion of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators (early non-specific stage), the main cytokines include IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TNF-, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and the main inflammatory mediators include PGE, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), platelet-activating factor (PAF), etc.;

Processing and presentation of antigens to initiate specific immune responses (specific induction stage);

Antitumor: Contact fusion; Releases toxic substances (cytolysin, TNF-) ADCC.

Such a big problem is not even scored?

This kind of thing will be clearer if you look at the textbook directly......

I'm sure you can ask this question, there must be a book ......

There are two types of full-time phagocytic cells in the human body:

One is small phagocytic cells, mainly neutrophils, but also eosinophils; When the pathogen penetrates** or the mucosa reaches the tissues in the body, phagocytic cells first escape from the capillaries and aggregate to the site where the pathogen is located. In most cases, the pathogen is engulfed and killed.

The other type is macrophagocytic cells, that is, mononuclear phagocytic cell system, including monocytes and lymph nodes in peripheral blood, spleen, liver, lung, macrophages in the serous cavity, microglia in the nervous system, etc. If they are not killed, they travel through the lymphatic vessels to nearby lymph nodes, where they are further destroyed by phagocytic cells. This filtering effect of lymph nodes plays an important role in the body's immune defense, and generally only virulent and large numbers of pathogens may invade the bloodstream and other organs without being completely blocked.

However, phagocytic cells in the blood, liver, spleen, or bone marrow continue to engulf and kill pathogens.

Phagocytes can engulf pathogens in non-specific immunity. The epitope of the antigen is processed in specific immunity (this treatment leaves the epitope inside the antigen exposed) and then the antigen is delivered to the T cells. In addition, after the antibody secreted by plasma cells (effector B cells) binds to the antigen, the FC segment of the antibody can bind to the receptor on the surface of the phagocytic cell, thereby engulfing and destroying the antigen!

Our end of the world is indeed true.

Answer]: The main immunological functions of macrophages are non-specific phagocytosis and killing, antigen presentation and immunomodulatory effects. In immunomodulatory effects, macrophagocytes can synthesize and secrete a variety of cytokines after activation of phagocytic antigens.