How to teach column vertical addition, and what is the vertical addition like?

Vertical of additionOperation: is the starting point for all vertical operations in primary school. Learning vertical arithmetic well can help students master the tools of arithmetic.

Why Vertical Computing? What is Vertical Computing? How do I perform vertical arithmetic? It is a question that students need to ask (clearly) in their learning process.

Method:

1. In ancient China, the vertical type was also called the calculation of grass, which is a draft of the calculation. At that time, when people were calculating relatively large numbers, it was difficult to calculate orally, and it was not easy to remember the numbers in the calculation process, so they used to write them down vertically to reduce the difficulty of memorization, so as to calculate correctly.

2. The vertical way of addition is: 1) write an addition on the first line; 2) Write the second addition on the second line, and the digits are aligned (the single digit is aligned to the single digit, and the ten digits are aligned to the ten digits); 3) Write a plus sign to the left of the ten digit in the second line; 4) Finally, draw a horizontal line, which is equivalent to the horizontal "equal".

3. Unit plus single digit: 3 + 6 = 9 Write 9 at the last digit under the horizontal line.

Ten digits plus ten digits: 1 + 2 = 3 Write 3 at the ten digits below the horizontal line.

Addition Vertical Calculation Method:

Digit alignment: single digit to single digit, ten to ten, plus sign forward, calculation starts from single digit, single digit and single digit number are added, the number is written on the single digit, the number of tens is added to the ten digit, and the number of tens is written on the ten digit.

Subtraction Vertical Calculation Method:

Digit alignment, unit to unit, ten to ten, minus sign forward, calculation from the single digit, unit subtraction, the number is written on the single digit, ten is subtracted, the number is written on the ten.

Vertical Calculation Method:

When using vertical calculation, first of all, we should write the "factory" number first; Then write the dividend, and the dividend should be written in the "factory" number; After that, write the divisor, and the divisor should be written on the left side of the "factory" number; Finally, we began to test the business, and the mountain asked the land merchant to align with the corresponding digits of the slippery pure divisor and write it on the top of the "factory"; The product of the divisor and the quotient is written below the dividend (corresponding digit alignment).

The difference between the product of the dividend subtracted and the quotient is the remainder, and the remainder is written below the horizontal line (aligned with the corresponding digit above) There are several divisors in the dividend at most, and the quotient is a few brackets.

A:Addition Vertical Calculation Method:

Digital alignment with comics: single digit to single digit, ten to ten, plus sign forward, calculation from the finger slow bit, single digit and single digit add, the number is written on the single digit, the number of tens and tens is added, and the number is written on the tenth digit of Peishi. For example, 25+38 is calculated vertically as shown in the figure below.

1. The significance of decimal addition and subtraction.

The meaning of decimal addition and subtraction is the same as that of integer addition and subtraction.

The meaning of decimal addition: the operation of combining two numbers into one number.

The meaning of decimal subtraction is that it is known that two additional numbers are added to the modular beat and the operation of finding the other addition with one of them.

2. The basic attack of decimals:

Add a "0" to the end of the decimal or remove the "0", and the size of the decimal remains the same.

3. Decimal addition and subtraction calculation rules:

Decimal point alignment;

1) Calculated according to the law of integer addition and subtraction.

2) from the last place;

3) Whoever adds up to ten digits should advance to the previous digit.

4) If the last digit of the decimal of the subtracted number is not enough, you can add "0" and then subtract, which digit is not enough to subtract, to withdraw one from the previous digit, add ten and subtract it from the original digit;

5) The decimal point should be aligned with the decimal point on the horizontal line.

4. The order of decimal addition and subtraction is the same as that of integer addition and subtraction. Sibling operations, from left to right; There are parentheses, first inside and then outside.

5. The laws of integer addition and subtraction are also applicable to decimal addition and subtraction.

The vertical calculation rule of addition is single digit to single digit, ten digit to ten, and the calculation starts from the slow Zheng position, and the two numbers are added together to find that the number of disturbing divination is more than ten to advance one place, for example.

There are two ways to write the vertical type, taking 15 + 59 + 16 = 90 as an example, as shown in the following figure:

Vertical cavity beating, refers to each transition number is changed by the previous transition number, the single digit of the previous transition number multiplied by 2, if you need to carry the digit, then advance to the front 1, then the single digit rises by ten digits, and so on, and the single digit is added with a new operation number.

When performing a combination of addition, subtraction, or addition and subtraction, the calculation is performed in the order from (left) to (right).

1. Add and subtract.

The order of the written calculation of continuous addition and continuous subtraction is the same as the order of oral calculation of continuous addition and continuous subtraction, which is calculated from left to right.

The calculation method is the same as the addition of two numbers, and the same number must be aligned, starting from the single digit.

The continuous subtraction operation can be calculated step by step, or it can be written as a vertical calculation, and the calculation method is the same as subtracting two numbers, the same digits must be aligned, starting from the single digit.

2. Addition and subtraction mixing.

The order of operation and the vertical writing of the mixed formula of addition and subtraction are the same as those of continuous addition and continuous subtraction.

3. When the mixed operation of addition and subtraction is written vertically, it can be calculated step by step, and the method is the same as the addition (subtraction) of two numbers, and the same digits should be aligned, starting from the single digit; You can also use a simple way to write it, list it into a vertical type, complete the first step of calculation, and then use the result of the first step to add (subtract the second number).

1. Addition and subtraction estimation.

In everyday life, there are situations that do not require precise calculations, but only approximate results, in which case estimates are required. When estimating, estimate this number as the nearest whole number to him and then calculate it.

2. When the mixed operation of addition and subtraction is written vertically, you can calculate it in different steps, and the method is the same as the addition (subtraction) of two numbers, and the same digits should be aligned, starting from the single digit; It can also be written in a simple way, listed in a vertical form, complete the first step of calculation, and then use the result of the first step to add (subtract) the second number.

Vertical generally only counts one type of operation, and cannot calculate mixed operations.

Vertical:

Vertical: Vertical: