Freud s theories about consciousness include:

Freud believed that dreams are meaningful mental activities that can be parsed through the psychological technique of psychoanalysis. What dreams demonstrate is the fulfillment of a certain wish in the heart, even if it is not so pleasant, except that the real desire is disguised at this time.

Before Freud, there were two main views on dreams: one was that dreams were revelations from ghosts and gods, which could predict the future and guide actions; Another view is that dreams are meaningless and inexplicable.

The folk mainly interpret dreams through two methods: cryptography and symbolism. Cryptography is like looking up a dictionary, taking a dream apart, and translating the meaning of each thing in the dream by looking up the dream interpretation books that have been written by predecessors, and then stringing them together. The law of symbolism is like an analogy, which treats the dream as a whole, and believes that everything that happens in the dream symbolizes the dreamer's situation in reality and the future direction.

Freud first rejected the above two views of dreams, believing that dreams as supernatural revelations were superstitions, and at the same time, he opposed dreams as meaningless thoughts, believing that dreams are full of meaning, and that dreams are closely related to the dreamer's waking state of thought. Most importantly, Freud believed that dreams could be explained, and it was entirely possible to interpret dreams with psychological techniques.

Dreams are the fulfillment of wishes, which is the core and most important conclusion of the book "The Interpretation of Dreams". Freud believed that the core essence of all dreams is the fulfillment of wishes, even the nightmares that make us miserable and anxious. It's just that adults' mental activities are much more complex than children's, and the realization of their wishes in dreams will not be as simple and direct as children's, and they will hide their true desires through disguise.

Freud used the iceberg as a metaphor for the relationship between the conscious and the subconscious. He believes that human mental activity is like an iceberg floating on the surface of the sea, and a small part of the iceberg exposed to the sea surface is our consciousness that can be perceived, while the vast majority of the submerged under the sea surface is the subconscious that we are not aware of at all.

Freud believed that the human spirit can be divided into conscious and unconscious.

Psychoanalytic theory was founded by the Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is the cornerstone of psychoanalytic theory and modern psychology. Mental hierarchies, personality structures, sexual instincts, dream interpretation theories, and defense mechanisms are all major ideas of Freudian psychoanalysis.

Mental level: This theory is to explain that people's mental activities, including desires, impulses, thoughts, fantasies, judgments, decisions, emotions, etc., will occur and carry out in different levels of consciousness. The different levels of consciousness include three levels: conscious, preconscious and subconscious (unconscious), which seem to exist at different levels of the earth's crust, so they are called spiritual levels.