The Battle of Yiling and the defeat of Shu State, who is the culprit? Why the fiasco?

The Battle of Yiling was launched by Liu Bei bent on his own initiative, which eventually led to the defeat of Shu, the loss of troops and the loss of generals, and also shook to the foundation of the country, and this battle was also the starting point of Shu Han from prosperity to decline.

The culprit is Liu Bei, who insists on starting this war; Because he ignores the fact that the supply line is too long, he will fail.

Liu Bei. Liu Bei was bent on revenge, regardless of the safety of his subordinates, and rushed forward, resulting in the annihilation of the entire army and the exhaustion of Shu's national strength.

<> "During the Three Kingdoms period, the society was unstable, and the princes of all parties attacked each other in order to compete for power and profit, and it was inevitable that fierce conflicts would break out.

When it comes to mentioning, we have to mention the Battle of Yiling, which had the most influence on the situation in the later period.

As we all know, this is the Shu lord Liu Bei in order to avenge Guan Yu, took the initiative to raise troops to attack Eastern Wu, but he was defeated in Yiling and suffered heavy losses, so many people think that Liu Bei is a mediocre talent. In fact, the defeat of Shu Han in the Battle of Yiling was not entirely because Liu Bei did not understand the art of war, but because of many factors, and the real reason was not simple.

Let's first take a look at the background of the Battle of Yiling, which should objectively be regarded as a follow-up event to the Battle of Xiangfan.

In the battle of Xiangfan, Guan Yu led his troops to attack Cao Wei, but unexpectedly, Dongshen and Wu, who were also allies, suddenly tore up the alliance and attacked behind the back, causing the Jingzhou group, which was originally in a good situation, to face a situation of being flanked from front to back. Although Guan Yu was brave, he was outnumbered after all, and finally was defeated and died, and Jingzhou also fell into the hands of Eastern Wu.

Liu Bei is not only the leader of the Shuhan Group, but also a sworn brother with Guan Yu, so he naturally fell into a dilemma after learning about this. On the one hand, Liu Bei has always regarded himself as benevolent and righteous, so he naturally wants to seek justice for his brother, otherwise it will be difficult to gain a foothold with loyalty and righteousness.

On the other hand, the geographical location of Jingzhou is very important, which can be called the gateway of Shu Han, and Liu Bei must use it as a springboard. From these two points, Liu Bei had enough reasons to attack Wu in both public and private, and Zhuge Liang also understood this, so he did not try to dissuade Liu Bei from this expedition.

Unfortunately, it backfired, Liu Bei poured all his troops into Wu and did not go well, but was defeated by Lu Xun in the Battle of Yiling, and Shu suffered heavy losses and could only retreat to the White Emperor City to wait for reinforcements.

Influenced by the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, many people thought that Liu Bei and Wu led 700,000 troops, but in fact, this is completely impossible.

Although the strength of Shu Han was strong in the heyday but the army was not much, the population of Hanzhong had already been moved away by Cao Cao and only left an empty city, Jingzhou fell into the hands of Eastern Wu, although Yizhou was fertile and rich in products, but the land was narrow and sparsely populated, the entire Shu Han was only a million people, and the real combat effectiveness of the personnel was only one or two hundred thousand.

Moreover, although Liu Bei raised all his strength, he still had to send a part of the troops who stayed behind to guard against Cao Wei, so the Shu soldiers who really participated in the attack on Wu were only about 50,000 or 60,000, which was almost the same as the strength of the infiltrated Eastern Wu.

The second point is the process of the Battle of Yiling. The reason why Liu Bei suffered a crushing defeat in the Battle of Yiling was not entirely due to his own decision-making mistakes and being attacked by fire, but because the battle line was too long, and the front was divided, surrounded and eliminated.

Lu Xun saw the weaknesses of Liu Bei's group accurately and uniquely, and completely defeated Feng Xi, Zhang Nan, and Shamoke, but Shu came with a heavy setback, and his morale was low and he had to retreat, which was not Liu Bei's fault.

The third point is the evaluation of Liu Bei by others, Liu Bei is very proficient in combat.

For example, Cao Cao evaluated Liu Bei as an opponent on a par with himself, but he didn't have much opportunity because he started late, including Lu Xun also spoke highly of Liu Bei, thinking that he was a very powerful enemy.

1. The supply line of the Shu Han side is too long, resulting in too much consumption of the yard early.

Although in the Battle of Yiling, the military strength of the Shu Han side was far stronger than that of Eastern Wu, the huge Chunmo or military force also caused a lot of burden on the Shu Han side. You must know that Shu Han, as the attacker, must ensure the safety of its own supply line, but because the Shu Han side has been alone for a long time, the supply line is too long, so the supply line is too long, which is also an important factor in the fiasco of the Battle of Yiling.