The parts of speech in Shi Shuo make use of the sentence pattern of classical Chinese

Han Yu, the author of "Shi Shuo", uses the following word classes:1. Confusion. Parts of speech: adjectives as nouns: doubtful questions, confused questions.

Example sentence: Teacher, so preaching and receiving karma to solve doubts.

Translation: A teacher is a person who is used to teach the Tao, teach learning, and explain difficult problems.

Interpretation: 1. Doubt; Confused.

2. Confuse.

II. Division. Verbal Utilization: Intentional Usage: ......for the teacher.

Example sentence: I will learn from him.

Translation: I should follow him as a teacher.

Interpretation: 1. A person who imparts knowledge and technology.

2. People who have mastered some kind of specialized knowledge and technology.

3. Imitate. 4. Role model.

5. Army. 6. Military establishment units. Under the army, above the regiment.

7. Arising from the master-apprentice relationship or the teacher-student relationship.

8. Honorific titles for monks and nuns.

Three, below. Parts of speech: nouns are used as verbs: inferior.

Example sentence: The saints below are also far away.

Translation: They are far below the saints.

Paraphrase. 1. Orientation words. The location is in the lower place.

2. Grade or grade low.

3. Orientation words. The order or time is later.

4. Downward.

5. Orientation words. Indicates belonging to a certain range, situation, condition, etc.

6. Indicates when a certain time or season.

7. It is used after the number to indicate the aspect or direction.

Stroke order. <>

Fourth, shame. Verbal Utilization: Intentional Usage: ......Shame on you.

Example sentence: Shame on the teacher.

Translation: But it is ashamed to follow the teacher.

Paraphrase. 1. Shame; Shameful thing.

2. Think humiliating.

Five, Ming. Useful use of parts of speech: adjectives as nouns, clever.

Example sentence: I haven't seen it.

I don't see that kind of person being wise.

Interpretation: 1. Bright (as opposed to "dark").

2. Understand; Clear.

3. Disclosure; Exposed; Not concealed (as opposed to "dark").

4. Good eyesight; Correct vision; See things and phenomena clearly.

The details are as follows:

The saint below it is also far away: below, the noun is used as a verb: it is not as good.

Therefore the holy is holy, the foolish is foolish: the saint, the foolish, the adjective is a noun, the saint: the saint, the foolish, the clumsy man.

Then shame teacher: shame, intention to use usage: to ......Shame on you.

Primary school and big legacy: small, big, adjectives as nouns: small aspect, big aspect.

I haven't seen its clarity: Ming, adjectives as nouns, high.

If you are humble, you are ashamed, and if you are prosperous, you are close to you: lowly, prosperous, and adjectives are used as nouns: lowly: lowly people, lowly people, Sheng: powerful and high-ranking people.

Original text: Ancient scholars must have teachers. Teacher, so preaching and receiving karma to solve doubts.

If people are not born to know, how can they be free from confusion? If you are confused and do not follow the teacher, it is confused, and you will not be able to solve it. Before I was born, he heard the Tao before me, and I learned from him; After being born to me, he heard the Tao before me, and I learned from him.

My teacher is also the way, and the husband knows that he was born in my year? Therefore, there is no noble or low, no long and no less, the Tao exists, and the teacher exists.

Translation: In ancient times, those who studied must have teachers. A teacher is a person who is used to teach the Tao, teach learning, and explain difficult problems.

People are not born with knowledge and truth, who can not have doubts? If you have doubts, if you don't learn from the teacher, you will never be able to solve the problems that have become confusing. Born before me, he understood the truth before me, and I should have followed him as a teacher; Born after me, (if) he understood the truth before me, I should follow him as a teacher.

In the tradition of my teacher, do you think about whether he is older or younger than me? Therefore, no matter how high or low the status is, no matter how old or young you are, the place where the truth exists is the place where the teacher exists. Alas!

It has been a long time since the fashion of learning from teachers (learning) has not been circulated! It's hard to want people to have no doubts! The ancient saints, who were far beyond the ordinary, still followed their teachers and consulted them; Nowadays, ordinary people, who are far below the saints, are ashamed to learn from their teachers.

This article is from Tang Hanyu's "Teacher Said".

Background:

When Han Yu wrote "Shi Shuo", some people thought that it was in the eighteenth year of the reign of Emperor Dezong of the Tang Dynasty (802), which is roughly credible. This year, Han Yu was 35 years old, and he had just entered Guozijian from Luoyang, and he was a doctor of four disciplines, which was a scholar who was "from the seventh grade". But he was already famous.

In that year or two, the ancient literature movement that he advocated and practiced was moving out of the scope of a small number of enthusiasts and forming a broad movement, and he became the young leader of this movement.

He used ancient texts to propagate his claims. defend the pre-Qin Confucianism and oppose the Buddhism that is particularly prevalent in contemporary times; Advocate the ancient texts of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, and oppose the "vulgar scripts", that is, the pun texts that have been "embellished with words and forgotten their meanings" since the Wei and Jin dynasties: this is the content of the ancient literature movement.

This movement gradually took shape in the later period of Tang Dezong's reign, and there were realistic social conditions.