What protons are made of, and what are protons and neutrons made of

The quiescent mass of protons is 938 meV, which is 1836 times that of electrons. With a +1 charge (about c), the magnitude is the same as the absolute value of the electron charge. Protons are stable particles with an average lifespan of more than 1032 years.

Scattering experiments with energetic electrons, electrons or neutrinos bombarding protons show that the charge and magnetic moment of protons have a certain spatial distribution, so protons are not point particles, but have a certain structure. It is currently believed that protons are made up of elementary particles called quarks, consisting of two +2 3-charged upper quarks and one -1 3-charged lower quark through gluons under strong interaction.

It is currently believed that protons are made up of elementary particles called quarks, consisting of two +2 3-charged upper quarks and one -1 3-charged lower quark through gluons under strong interaction.

Protons are composed of Pythagorean and quark, 1836 (protons) = 108 (silver) + 64 (copper) * 27 (aluminum).

Silver, copper, and aluminum are the metals with the strongest electrical conductivity.

See Pythagorean Model and Quark Model

Protons and neutrons are made up of elementary particles of quarks. A quark is an elementary particle that participates in strong interactions and is the basic unit of matter. Quarks combine with each other to form a composite particle called hadrons.

Neutrons are one of the nucleons that make up the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons are an indispensable component of the chemical elements that make up the nucleus of an atom (note: the atom does not contain neutrons), although the chemical properties of an atom are determined by the number of protons in the nucleus, but if there are no neutrons, it is impossible to form elements other than hydrogen with only one proton due to the repulsive force between positively charged protons (protons are positively charged, neutrons are not charged).

Neutrons are made up of two lower quarks and one upper quark.

The meaning of proton is as follows:1. In ancient times, most of the hostages sent to the enemy or other countries were noble-born people such as princes or princes. Qin Shi Huang's father, Qin Zhuangxiang Prince Chu, Qin Shi Huang's great-grandfather Qin Zhaoxiang Wang, and Warring States Yan Prince Dan all used to be protons.

Qin Shi Huang's father and son Chu served as a "proton" in Zhao State, and later with the help of Lü Buwei, he was able to return to Qin State.

2. A proton is a subatomic particle with a positive coulomb charge, with a diameter of about . Protons belong to the baryon class and are made up of two upper quarks and one lower quark by gluon in a strong interaction. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines the type of element and what kind of chemical element it belongs to.

Application of protonsIn physics, protons are often used to accelerate to nearly the speed of light in an accelerator and collide with other particles. Such experiments provide extremely important data for the study of the structure of atomic nuclei. Slow protons may also be absorbed by atomic nuclei and used to make artificial isotopes or artificial elements.

NMR uses the spin of a proton to test the structure of a molecule.

Atoms are elemental chemical properties.

The smallest unit. An atom contains a dense nucleus.

and a number of electrons that are negatively charged around the nucleus. The nucleus is made up of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons. When the number of protons is the same as the number of electrons, the atom is electrically neutral; Otherwise, it is a positively or negatively charged ion.

Depending on the number of protons and neutrons, the type of atom is different: the number of protons determines which element the atom belongs to, while the number of neutrons determines which isotope the atom is of that element.

Compared to everyday experience, an atom is a very small object with such a tiny mass that a single atom can only be observed with some special instruments, such as a tunneling microscope.

The weight of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus, in which protons and neutrons have similar masses. Each element has at least one unstable isotope that can undergo radioactive decay. This directly leads to nuclear transformation, i.e., a change in the number of neutrons or protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Electrons occupy a stable set of energy levels, or orbitals. As they absorb and emit photons, electrons can also jump between different energy levels, where the energy absorbed or emitted is equal to the energy difference between the energy levels. Electrons determine the chemical properties of an element and have a great influence on the magnetic properties of atoms.

Matter is made up of separate peizi, and if the molecules are subdivided, they can be divided into various atoms. Molecules are chemical properties.

The smallest unit of the atom is the smallest unit of physical dissipation. We know that there are a series of atoms like h, o, s, n, etc.

Atoms such as socks can be divided into nuclei.

and extranuclear electrons. The nucleus then divides into protons.

and neutrons. The hydrogen ion we know is actually a proton, the hydrogen atom has no neutron, it loses an electron to form a hydrogen ion, and there is only one proton left.

The nucleus of an atom and the electrons outside the nucleus, which in turn are divided into protons and neutrons.

So of course there is a difference.

Neutron + proton = nucleus.

Nucleus + electron = atom.

Neutron = proton + electron + neutrino.

Protons are synthetic particles that belong to fermions and have quarks.

Compose. Electrons belong to elementary particles.

At present, it is not possible to subdivide smaller and belong to the lepton category.

According to contemporary physics theories, neutrons, protons, are so-called elementary particles that are made up of more fundamental units, six quarks. They are on (up

u), down (down

d), strange (strange

s), 粲 (charm

c), bottom (bottom

b) and top (top

t) Quarks. The first five quarks have been experimentally discovered more than a decade ago. Therefore, one of the main directions of high-energy particle physicists in the last decade has been the top quark (t).

To find the top quark, scientists collide head-on with high-energy protons (p) and antiprotons ( accelerated by the superflue. The energy at the time of the collision is extremely high, up to 1800 GEV (1GEV is about the energy required to produce one proton). Between August of the previous year and May of last year, the above-mentioned research group recorded a total of two billion collision cases.

After careful analysis, very few of these cases may be related to the existence of top quarks, and only two of the clearest cases are thought to be produced by top quarks. Is it possible that the event is real? Careful calculations show that the chances of a false event will not exceed one in 2 billion collisions. Therefore, the two clearest examples of the existence of top quarks are evidence that cannot be ignored.

Two examples are used to illustrate the existence of top quarks, which are still not convincing enough. Therefore, the research team was very careful in drawing conclusions, and they obtained preliminary evidence of the existence of top quarks, but did not dare to make assertions and claim to have discovered top quarks. It seems that it will take a few more years to get more conclusive evidence.

It is best to have the support of experiments and analyses from other study groups.

It's made up of elementary particles called quarks. In neutrons and protons are upper quarks (u) and lower quarks (d). Up Quark (u) Charge:

2 3 Down Quark (d) Charge: -1 3 Neutron: 1U + 2d So the total charge is (+2 3) +2(-1 3) =0 Proton:

2U + 1d So the total charge is 2(+2 3) +1 3) =1