How big is the diameter of calcium and magnesium ions? Which has a larger radius of magnesium ion or

The diameter of the calcium ion is 4 angstroms.

The diameter of magnesium ions is angstrom 1 angstrom, which is equal to nanometers.

So the diameter of calcium ions is nanometers.

Magnesium ions are nanometers in diameter.

The diameter of the calcium ion is 4 angstroms.

The diameter of the magnesium ion is angstroms.

He was so hot at that time.

Compared with magnesium ions, sodium ions have a larger radius, and the more electrons there are in the particles of the same element, the larger the radius. Sodium, magnesium, and ions are all 10 electrons, all of which have two layers, so look at the atomic number, the larger the ordinal number, the greater the gravitational pull of the nucleus on the electron, and the smaller the radius.

The atomic radius is mainly affected by three factors: the number of electron layers, the number of nuclear charges and the number of electrons in the outermost shell. In general, the greater the number of electron shells, the smaller the number of nuclear charges, and the greater the number of electrons in the outermost shell, the greater the atomic radius. This also makes the atomic radius have a clear periodic degeneration law on the periodic table.

The variation of the size of different atomic radii

1) For particles of the same element, the greater the number of electrons, the larger the radius. Such as sodium atom "sodium ion", chlorine atom "chloride ion, ferrous ion" iron ion;

2) The particles of the element in the same period, the anion radius is greater than the cation radius. Such as oxygen ions, lithium ions;

3) The same kind of ions are compared to the atomic radius. Such as sodium ions, magnesium ions, aluminum ions, fluoride ions, chloride ions, bromine ions;

4) Ions (single nuclei) with the same electron shell structure, the smaller the number of nuclear charges, the larger the radius. Such as oxygen ions, fluoride ions, sodium ions, magnesium ions, aluminum ions; Sulfur ions, chloride ions, potassium ions, calcium ions.

The diameter of the calcium ion is 4 angstroms.

The diameter of magnesium ions is angstrom 1 angstrom, which is equal to nanometers.

So the diameter of calcium ions is nanometers.

Magnesium ions are nanometers in diameter.

The number of electrons of the magnesium atom is 3, and the number of the electron shell of the calcium atom is 4, although the calcium ion loses electrons, the radius of the calcium ion is still greater than that of the magnesium atom.

Judging criteria:1In the same family, from top to bottom, the atomic radius increases;

2.In the same period, the atomic radius from left to right of Zi Kaixiao is gradually decreasing by Sun Du;

3.The radius of an ion with the same electron shell structure is inversely proportional to its atomic number.

The atomic radius of magnesium is 160 picometers (1 picometer = minus 12 meters of 10) and the atomic radius of bromine is 114 picometers, so magnesium is greater than bromine.

The reason for the banquet erected like this is that although magnesium is less than bromine, Duan Xiangqing has an electron layer.

But the nuclear charge of bromine is much greater than that of magnesium, due to the nucleus.

The strong attraction causes the grip electron shell to shrink and the atomic radius to decrease.

1.Comparison of the radii of different particles of the same element.

The nucleus liter makes the charge number the same, and the effect of the nucleus on the electrons can be considered to be approximately equal, and the radius of the particle is mainly determined by the number of electrons outside the nucleus, and the more the number of electrons, the larger the radius of the atom. Specifically, there are the following situations:

1) Anion Radius" atomic radius, such as r(cl) >

r(cl)2) The radius of the atom (e.g., r(na)<

r(na)3) valence metal element: **cationic radius (valence cationic radius such as r(fe3)<

r(fe2＋)

2.Comparison of the radii of different particles with the same total number of electrons.

When the electron shell structure is the same, the effect of the nucleus on the outermost large layer electrons should be mainly considered. At this time, the number of nuclear charges is large, and the nucleus has a strong effect on the electrons, so the radius of the particle is small. Such as r(f) >

r(na＋)

r(al3＋)

3.Comparison of atomic radii of elements of the same period (except for noble gases).

When the number of electron shells of the atom is the same, the outermost electrons are in the same layer, so the distance from the nucleus is at the same level, and the radius of the atom is mainly determined by the number of nuclear charges. The higher the number of nuclear charges, the stronger the nucleus has on the outermost electrons, so the greater the atomic radius. Such as r(na)>

r(mg)r(al)

r(si)r(p)

r(s)r(cl)

4.Comparison with the radius of atoms or mononuclear ions of the main group elements.

The main discussion here is the case of the same vertical row in the periodic table, and only the main group elements are discussed. Due to the similarity of the structure, only the number of electron layers is different, so the radius of the atom (or monoatomic ion) is mainly determined by the number of electron layers. The greater the number of electron layers, the larger the radius.

Such as r(li) <

r(na)r(k)

r(rb)<

r(cs)r(li＋)<

r(na＋)

r(k＋)r(rb＋)<

r(cs＋)，r(f)<

r(cl)r(br)

r(i)r(f－)<

r(cl－)

r(br－)

r(i－)。

Large radius of calcium ions.

Magnesium has three layers of electrons.

Calcium has four layers of electrons.

Calcium magnesium is an element of the same main group, with a large number of electron layers and a large ionic radius.

The number of electron shells of the magnesium nucleus is 3, and the number of electron shells of the calcium atom is 4, and the radius of the calcium ion is still larger than that of the magnesium atom despite the loss of electrons.

Judging criteria: 1. In the same family, from top to bottom, the radius of the original digging ant increases;

2. In the same cycle, from left to right, the path of the atom is gradually decreasing;

3. The radius of an ion with the same electron shell structure is inversely proportional to its atomic number.