How to treat macular under the eyes of the elderly

Dry age-related macular degeneration actually accounts for a relatively large proportion of all patients with age-related macular degeneration, which may account for about 90%, and the degree of vision loss in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration will be relatively lower than that of patients with wet age-related macular degeneration.

In the early stage, patients do not have any clinical manifestations, and there is no vision loss or visual distortion, but with the gradual progression of the lesions of patients with dry macular degeneration, the retina of the fundus gradually atrophies, and some exudative lesions appear.

However, the early stage of patients with dry age-related macular degeneration is only observed, or from the perspective of our nutrition nerves and vitamin supplementation (such as the application of Leeye vision nutrients to supplement the nutrition of the eyes); For patients with dry age-related macular degeneration, we mainly follow up for about 3 months, and in the process of its transition to wet macular degeneration, we give it corresponding interventions**, so as to maintain our vision at a better level, which is the best strategy for dry macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration, according to different clinical manifestations, can be divided into two types: dry macular degeneration and wet macular degeneration. For dry macular degeneration, there is currently no definite ** method, for wet macular degeneration, intraocular injection of ranibizumab injection can be considered. 2. Macular hole and epimacular membrane, etc.

For this condition, when the impact on vision is not obvious in the early stage, changes in the condition can be conservatively observed, such as obvious impact on vision or visual distortion, and early surgery is required**.

Surgery**: Subretinal neovascular membrane resection, macular transposition surgery, etc., can be performed, but the efficacy is uncertain and the surgical risk is high. Laser photocoagulation**:

The use of laser photocoagulation to close retinal neovascularization can avoid serious complications such as fundus hemorrhage, but photocoagulation can also cause damage to local normal retinal tissue.

Generally, different measures will be taken according to the different symptoms of the patient, which can make the first more accurate, so as to effectively shorten the first cycle and reduce the first cost. Based on the theory of the five behaviors of yin and yang in the human body.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is divided into two main types, dry AMD and wet AMD, depending on the presence or absence of new blood vessels in the fundus.

For advanced dry AMD, unfortunately, there is no best way to do it, so you can only follow your doctor's advice to consume vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C, vitamin E, and lutein, and eat a balanced diet.

However, as long as wet AMD is passed early and efficient, it can effectively control the progression of the disease and restore vision.

Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs is currently the first-line method of fundus disease, which is to inject into the eye, which can effectively inhibit neovascularization, reduce vascular leakage, and eliminate tissue edema, so as to achieve the purpose of improving vision.

The growth, bleeding and exudation of new blood vessels in the macular area (where vision is good or bad) are like "weeds", and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can promote the growth of new blood vessels, so anti-VEGF drugs eliminate VEGF from the source and "cut the grass and roots" the new blood vessels, thereby protecting the macular function.

Anti-VEGF** requires one dose per month for three months.

These three injections are the basis for long-term benefits of vision, which can maximize the improvement of vision, which is the basic requirement of the first course of treatment, and it is also the standardized usage of the drug instructions.

The spring breeze blows and grows, and the new blood vessels may regenerate like the weeds that have been removed, so there is no such thing as "1 needle".

On a monthly basis of 1 dose for 3 months, studies have shown that an average of 5 doses of anti-VEGF** in the first year can ensure long-term benefits.

If there is no first 3 consecutive doses per month**, long-term vision will not rise but decrease.

If less than 5 doses are given in the first year, the visual benefit is not as good as 1 10 for patients who have received 5 doses.

Regular monthly OCT checks are more conducive to determining the ** starting time.

What tests are needed at monthly follow-up appointments?

Visual acuity test to identify changes in vision.

OCT examination to detect changes in macular edema in time. It is more accurate than relying on the patient's self-perception of visual changes, which is convenient for timeliness**.

Fundus fluorescein angiography to detect the risk of neovascularization in time.

Regular follow-up, timely**, can strive for the best vision.

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**Effect. Please click Enter a description.

WAMD: Wet age-related macular degeneration, a type of fundus disease.

Visual acuity improved effectively in patients with WAMD after the use of anti-VEGF**, and the improvement in visual acuity was even more significant after adherence to multiple anti-VEGF**.

Receiving anti-VEGF drugs** has been shown to lead to rapid improvement in visual acuity, with significant improvement and stability over the subsequent 24 months of maintenance**.

Generally, this macular degeneration is divided into two kinds, one is dry, there is no exact **method, and it is not recommended to do anything**, and the other is wet, which requires injection of drugs**, to promote vascular regression and inhibit neovascularization, which can improve visual function and improve vision. You should check your fundus regularly and wear sunglasses when you go out.

[Medications**].

Antioxidants: Oral vitamin C, vitamin E, ZN, lutein, zeaxanthin can prevent free radical damage to cells, protect optic cells, and play the role of retinal tissue nutrients.

Other**] 1.Anti-VEGF** Based on the understanding of the pathogenesis of CNV, vascular endothelial cytokines (VEGFs) play an axial role in the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Ranibuzumab (Lucentis) is a humanized recombinant anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody fragment Fab moiety that binds to all detected VEGF isoforms, reduces vascular permeability and inhibits CNV formation.

The method of use is intravitreal injection. 2.Laser** uses the heat generated by the laser to destroy abnormal new blood vessels in the macula.

Laser photocoagulation is only used to seal existing neovascularization, and does not prevent the formation of new neovascularization, which is a symptomatic **. At the same time, a slight excession of laser can cause choroidal neovascularization, and damage to nearby normal tissues, and the visual function will be greatly affected, so we must be vigilant. 3.

Transpupil Warmth** (TTT) This method uses a near-infrared laser with a wavelength of 810 nm, which has a strong penetrating power and less refractive interstitial absorption on the retina, so that the target tissue is slowly warmed up by about 10. 4.Photodynamic** (PDT) is the injection of a specific photosensitizer into the patient's bloodstream, and when the drug circulates to the retina, the 689nm laser irradiation excites the photosensitizer, thereby destroying the abnormal neovascularization without damaging the normal retinal tissue.

Fundus macular disease is divided into primary and secondary, whether the disease can be good, the specific analysis is as follows:

1.If it is primary fundus macular disease, it is more troublesome and generally cannot achieve the effect. For example, age-related macular degeneration can only be carried out with symptomatic drugs under the guidance of a doctor**.

2.If it is secondary macular degeneration, the symptoms of macular degeneration will also be alleviated by timely ** primary disease to achieve the best effect. For example, retinopathy caused by cataract surgery or diabetes can be performed on the primary disease.

Fundus macular degeneration usually causes vision loss, dark shadows in front of the eyes, or distorted vision.

Fundus macular degeneration is a very common eye disease, and patients may experience a feeling of obstruction in front of their eyes, blurred vision, and even blindness. Fundus macular degeneration has a lot to do with the patient's age, physical health status, and daily eye habits. The appearance of abnormalities in the macular area of the fundus is a gradual development process, and the early symptoms are not obvious, and the harm will be greater as the disease worsens.

Fundus macular disease can of course be cured, and patients can choose drugs after being diagnosed**, drugs are mainly for patients with mild symptoms, and more severe patients can be treated with laser**or surgery**, most of them are able to recover after that. There are many kinds of fundus macular disease, such as epimacular membrane or macular edema, and it is necessary to choose the appropriate method according to the specific condition.

There are many methods of macular degeneration, such as laser, surgery, and the use of anti-vascular endothelial factor. The macula is the most important structure located in the retina**, mainly for light and color perception. Lesions in the macula may lead to significant vision loss and visual distortion in the eyes, so it is necessary to have an early **.

Lasers are rarely used now** for macular degeneration.

The most advanced method of wet macular degeneration at the moment is the injection of anti-VEGF drugs, which are injected in the eye, such as avastin, ranibizumab.

For the cost of macular degeneration of the eye, it depends on the specific disease and the method, and the cost of different diseases is different. If it is central serous chorioretinopathy, you can take lecithin complexed iodine tablets orally**, and the cost will generally not exceed 500 yuan. If it is macular edema, triamcinolone acetonide injection can be injected in the eye, and the cost of this ** is generally about 1,000 yuan.

If it is a macular hole or epimacular membrane, vitrectomy surgery is required, which is a more complex eye surgery, and the cost of surgery is generally about 10,000-15,000 yuan. If there is macular neovascularization or bleeding disorder, intraocular anti-VEGF**, such as ranibizumab injection or Conbercept injection, the cost of this drug is generally about 5000-6000 yuan.