How to use imaginary words and parts of speech in The Treatise on the Qin Dynasty ?

Utilize parts of speech

1. Nouns as adverbials

It has the meaning of sweeping the world, encompassing the world, and encompassing the four seas (like using mats, wraps, and pockets).

Internally, externally, and against the princes (at home and abroad).

Take Hanzhong in the south, Bashu in the west, cut the anointed land in the east, and collect the key counties (to the south, to the west, to the east, to the north, etc.) in the north

The world gathers to respond, win food and scenery (like clouds, like echoes, like shadows).

To take the land of Baiyue in the south, (thought that Guilin and Xiangjun to the south) is to make Meng Tian build the Great Wall in the north and guard the fence (in the north).

2. Use usage

Outside the balance and fight the princes, so that the (princes) fight each other.

The alliance and conspired to weaken Qin to weaken (Qin).

About the separation of the balance envoy (Qin's strategy of succession), scattering and burning the words of a hundred schools, and making the head of the foolish Qian (the power of the people) stupid.

To weaken the people of the world and to weaken them.

The order of the eight states and the order of the same column leads and incurs the envoys (the same columns) to come to worship and swallow the two weeks and the princes die, and the princes (vassal states) perish.

3. Nouns as verbs

The descendants of the emperor are also the eternal cause (to be the emperor).

The descendants of the emperor are also the eternal cause (to be the emperor).

Shoes supreme and made Liuhe (originally meaning shoes, here means boarding).

However, Chen waded the son of the urn rope pivot (made of urn and tied with rope).

Whipping and whipping the world (beating with a whip, striking with a bamboo cane, by extension, "servitude").

Will hundreds of people (lead, lead).

Transgression (pointing out faults).

4. Adjectives as verbs

And the world is not small and weak (getting smaller and weaker).

Respect the virtuous and value the person (valued).

5. Verbs as nouns

Chase down the soldiers who fled north (the defeated army).

6. Adjectives as nouns

Qin Xiaogong is based on the solid (dangerous place).

In the face of the unpredictable, it is thought to be solid (a strong barrier).

Favorable circumstances

Virtuous and virtuous (virtuous people).

Shandong Haojun then rose up and died Qin (Haojie).

Background of creation

The era of Emperor Wen of the Western Han Dynasty was the so-called "Taiping and Prosperous Era" of the Han Dynasty, that is, the early stage of the "rule of Wenjing". With his keen insight, Jia Yi saw the lurking crisis of the Western Han Dynasty through the appearance. At that time, the magnates and wealthy embezzled a large amount of peasant land, forcing the peasants to go bankrupt and go into exile, and the harsh oppression, exploitation, and cruel punishments also intensified class contradictions.

The contradictions between feudal secession and centralization in China, between the ruling class and the working people, and between nationalities are all intensifying, and the position of the rulers is in danger of being shaken.

In order to reconcile various contradictions and make the Western Han Dynasty stable for a long time, Jia Yi put forward many political proposals to the Han family in famous political policies such as "Chen Zhengshi Shu", "On Accumulation and Sparseness" and "On the Passage of Qin". This paper analyzes the successes and failures of the Qin Dynasty's politics from the perspective of summarizing historical lessons and lessons in an exhortatory tone, and provides reference for Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty to reform politics.

When talking about the purpose of writing, Jia Yi said that the reason why he wanted to "look at the ancients, examine the current world, participate in personnel, observe the reason of prosperity and decline, and judge the appropriateness of power", advocated "going to order and change according to the time", and the purpose was to seek "protracted time, and the society is safe" (Part II). The article "On the Passage of Qin" summarizes the lessons of the rise and fall of the Qin Dynasty, which is really the fault of the Zhao Han Dynasty.

Utilize parts of speech

Perform supreme and make Liuhe (noun "crawler" with complement "supreme", used as a verb: ascend. ）

The descendants of the emperor are also the eternal industry (the noun "emperor" with the complement "eternal" omitted from the preposition "Yu", used as a verb: to call the emperor king. ）

The crowd of hundreds (the noun "will" takes the object "hundreds of people" and is used as a verb: to lead. ）

The order of the eight states and the same column (the noun "order" with the object "eight states", used as a verb: arrange, arrange, and by extension "to induce, to incur". ）

Respect and respect (the adjective "heavy" with the object "shi", used as a verb: respect, value. ）

There is the meaning of sweeping the world, encompassing the universe, and encompassing the four seas (the nouns "Xi", "Bao", and "Bag" are respectively used as adverbials for "volume", "lifting", and "bracketing", indicating the state of action and behavior: like a mat, like a package, like a pocket. ）

The degree of domestic legislation is ......Outside the balance and fight the princes (the nouns "inside" and "outside" are respectively used as adverbs for "standing" and "lian", indicating the method of behavior: internal, external. ）

Bleed drifting (drifting, verb to make a verb usage: to make ......Float. ）

The order of the eight states and the same column (朝, the verb of the verb usage: make ......Worship. ）

Will ally and seek to weaken Qin (weak, adjective to make the verb usage: to make ......Weak, weakened. ）

11.Qin Xiaogong according to the solid (solid, adjective as a noun, solid place).

Expensive: Valued; Shun: to conform, to adapt; High:

Respect, respect; Pro: Settle in; Adjectives are used as verbs. Wang:

Rule; Authority: full change, adaptability, discipline: governance, constraints.

Noun as verb. There are many, and these are just a few of them. You still have to study and understand it yourself to figure it out.

Personal opinions, welcome corrections.

The use of words and special sentence structures are as follows:

The class of speech is used to make use of the supreme and the system of Liuhe (the noun "履" with the complement "supreme" is used as a verb: to ascend. ), the descendants of the emperor You Shi Zhi Ye also (the noun "emperor" with the complement "Wan Shi" omitted from the preposition "Yu", is used as a verb:

Called the emperor and called the king. The crowd of hundreds (the noun "will" takes the object "hundreds of people" and is used as a verb: to lead.

Respect and respect (the adjective "heavy" with the object "shi", used as a verb: respect, value. There is a sweep of the world, encompassing the universe, encompassing the meaning of the four seas (the nouns "seat", "bag", "bag" are respectively "roll", "lift", "bracket" adverbials, indicating the state of action and behavior:

Like a mat, like a wrap, like a pocket. ）

Judgment sentence: The descendants of the emperor are also the cause of eternity. However, Chen She, the son of the urn rope pivot, the person who is subordinate, and the migratory disciple.

Passive sentence: And the migratory ones also. Dead by human hand, for the world to laugh.

Object preposition: benevolence and righteousness are not applied and the offensive and defensive forces are different. Postposition of the definite sentence:

Cast as the golden god of the twelve. Patience thinks that it is solid in the pass, and the golden city is thousands of miles.

Introduction to "On the Passage of Qin":

"On the Passage of Qin" is Jia Yizheng's representative work, which is divided into three articles. The full text analyzes the mistakes of the Qin Dynasty from various aspects, hence the title "On the Passing of Qin". The Treatise on the Passage of the Qin Dynasty aims to summarize the historical lessons of the rapid fall of the Qin Dynasty as a reference for the Han Dynasty to establish the system and consolidate its rule.

The first part of "On the Passage of Qin" first describes the reasons why Qin has gradually become stronger since the filial piety of the first emperor: it has geographical advantages, the idea of changing the law to become strong, the correct war strategy, and the painstaking management of several Qin kings. The text uses comparative sentences and explanatory descriptions, which are full of momentum.

Later, he wrote that although Chen She's own strength was small, he was able to make the powerful Qin state fall blind and annihilated, and in the comparison, he came to the conclusion that the death of Qin was due to "benevolence and righteousness". The middle part analyzes that Qin did not have a correct policy after unifying the world, and Qin II failed to correct Qin Shi Huang's wrong policy, mainly blaming Qin II for his mistakes. In the next part, it is written that Qin Ziying was in a critical situation, and Qin Ziying did not have the ability to save the world, mainly accusing Qin Ziying of negligence.

The main use of the words of the Qin Dynasty is Xi, Bao, Bag, Win, Jing, Death, North, Solid, Li, Convenient, Inside, Outside, Cloud, Emperor, Urn, Rope, Small, Weak, etc.

Chasing the North: The verbs "death" and "north" are used as nouns, and the people who flee.

Solid of Cuihan: "solid", adjective as a noun, dangerous terrain.

Because of the convenience of profit, slaughter the world: "benefit", "convenience", adjectives as nouns, convenient situation.

There is a sweep of the world, encompassing the meaning of the four seas: "seat", "bag", "bag", noun as an adverbial, like a mat, like a package, like a bag.

The degree of domestic legislation is ......Outside even the horizontal and fighting princes: "inside" and "outside" nouns as adverbs, to the inside and outside.

Take Hanzhong in the south, Bashu in the west, cut the land of anointing in the east, and collect the key counties in the north: "south", "west", "east", "north" directional nouns as adverbs, to the south, to the west, to the east, to the north.

Take the land of Baiyue in the south, and think that Guilin, Xiangjun: "south" direction noun as an adverb, to the south.

It is to make Meng Tian build the Great Wall in the north and guard the fence: the noun of "north" is used as an adverbial, to the north.

The world gathers to respond, win the grain and the scenery follows: "cloud", "sound", "scene" nouns as adverbs, like clouds, like echoes, like shadows.

Shoes supreme and system Liuhe: "Shoes" noun as a verb, ascend.

The descendants of the emperor are also the eternal business: the noun "emperor" is used as a verb, and the emperor is called the king.

The son of Chen She's urn rope pivot: "urn" and "rope" nouns are used as verbs, and urns are used and ropes are used.

Millions of people: "will" noun as a verb, lead.

And the world is not small and weak: the adjectives "small" and "weak" are used as verbs to shrink and weaken.

Outside the horizontal and fight the princes: the verb "fight" makes the verb use and makes the ......Fighting.

Millions of corpses, bleeding and drifting: the verb "drifting" makes the verb usage, makes the ......Float.

Swallow two weeks and die princes: the verb "die" makes the verb use, makes the ......Perish.

But the Xiongnu is more than 700 miles: the verb "but" makes the verb use and makes the ......Retreat.

The order of the eight states and the same column: the verb "chao" makes the verb use and makes the ......See you in the morning.

The princes are afraid, and they will ally and plot to weaken Qin: the adjective "weak" makes the verb used, and makes the ......Weak.

Burn the words of a hundred schools, and use foolishness: the adjective "foolish" makes the verb used and ......Dull.

1.Cooperate with the establishment of diplomatic relations: "from" to "vertical".

2.Win the grain and the scenery from: "scenery" leads to "shadow".

3.Outside the balance and fight the princes: "Heng" through "horizontal", even horizontal.

4.The first emperor did not: "no" through "death", dead.

5.And in the midst of stubbornness: "stubbornness" leads to "bore", and rises.

6.More than 100 years: "There is" and "and".

The class of speech is used to make use of the supreme and the system of Liuhe (the noun "履" with the complement "supreme", which is used as a verb posture: to ascend. ）

The descendants of the emperor are also the eternal industry (the noun "emperor" with the complement "eternal" omitted from the preposition "Yu", used as a verb: to call the emperor king. ）

The crowd of hundreds (the noun "will" takes the object "hundreds of people" and is used as a verb: to lead. ）

The order of the eight states and the same column (the noun "order" with the object "eight states", used as a verb: arrange, arrange, and by extension "to induce, to incur". ）

Respect and respect (the adjective "heavy" with the object "shi", used as a verb: respect, value. ）

There is a sweep of the world, encompassing the meaning of the four seas (the noun "seat", "bag", "bag" fiber hall respectively as "volume", "lift", "bracket" adverbials, indicating the state of action behavior: like a mat, like a package, like a vertical pocket. ）

The degree of domestic legislation is ......Outside the balance and fight the princes (the nouns "inside" and "outside" are respectively used as adverbs for "standing" and "lian", indicating the method of behavior: internal, external. ）

Bleed drifting (drifting, verb to make a verb usage: to make ......Float. ）

The order of the eight states and the same column (朝, the verb of the verb usage: make ......Worship. ）

Will ally and seek to weaken Qin (weak, adjective to make the verb usage: to make ......Weak, weakened. ）

11.Qin Xiaogong according to the solid (solid, adjective as a noun, solid place).

The use of the class of words in the Qin Dynasty.

a) Noun as an adverbial.

It has the meaning of sweeping the world, encompassing the world, and encompassing the four seas (like using mats, wraps, and pockets).

Internally, externally, and against the princes (at home and abroad).

Take Hanzhong in the south, Bashu in the west, cut the anointed land in the east, and close the branches in the north to collect the key counties to the south, west, east, and north.

The world gathers to respond, win food and scenery (like clouds, like echoes, like shadows).

Take the land of Baiyue in the south, and think that Guilin and Xiangjun are to the south.

It is to make Meng Tian build the Great Wall in the north and guard the fence in the north.

b) Usage.

Outside the balance and fight the princes, so that the (princes) fight each other.

The alliance and conspired to weaken Qin to weaken (Qin).

Approximately from the separation of the balance (Qin's strategy of succession).

Burning the words of a hundred schools of thought is stupid and stupid.

To weaken the people of the world and to weaken them.

The order of the eight states and the same column makes (eight states) orderly and makes (the same column) come to the court.

However, the Xiongnu retreated for more than 700 miles.

Swallow two weeks and die, and the princes (vassal states) perish.

c) Noun as verb.

The descendants of the emperor are also the eternal cause (to be the emperor).

Shoes supreme and made Liuhe (originally meaning shoes, here means boarding).

However, Chen waded the urn rope socks and the son of the sharp pivot was made of an urn and tied with a rope.

d) Adjectives as verbs.

And the husband is not small and weak, but also small and weak.

Respect the virtuous and value the person (valued).

e) Verbs as nouns.

Chase the soldiers who fled north.

In the Qin theory, the "to" in "then take Liuhe as the home, and the food letter as the palace" should mean "use". Translation: Then the world is regarded as a private property, and the mountains and Hanguguan are used as palace walls.

Usage: 1. Preposition, indicating a tool. Translated: take, use, hold. For example: I wish to invite Yi Bi with fifteen cities. In the end, the doctor refused to use a small boat to anchor at night.

2. Preposition, indicating reliance. Translated: by, by. For example: Smell the princes with courage.

3. A preposition that indicates the object to be disposed of. Translated: put. For example: to pay back to the township.

4. Preposition, indicating time and place. Translated as: in, in, from. For example: August 13 to the city.

5. Preposition, indicating the reason. Translated: because, due to. For example, with the angry blow of Wu County, I dare not shout again.

6. Preposition, indicating the basis. Translated as: according to, according to, according to. For example, today is a real school.

7. Undertake conjunctions. The former action behavior is often the means or manner of the latter action behavior. It can be translated as:"While"Or omitted.

8. Purpose conjunction, the latter action is often the purpose or result of the previous action. It can be translated as "and "permeability" to "use", "to", etc. For example, please make the crown prince the king to stop Qin Wang.