Advantages and disadvantages of the market access system, what is market access

It's not that I don't want to, it's that I don't understand what you're trying to say.

Easing market access is conducive to creating a more attractive investment environment. So what is market access?

1. Market access refers to the extent to which a country allows foreign goods, services and capital to participate in the domestic market. General Agreement on Services**

Article 16 provides that a Member shall accord to other Members services and service providers for a period not less than the period, limits and conditions set out in the schedule of the commitments.

2. Market access refers to the commitment of the two countries to restrictive measures on imports and exports, including the degree of relaxation of tariff and non-tariff barriers, in order to open their markets to each other.

3. The market access system is the legal system for the establishment, review and confirmation of the qualifications of market entities, including the substantive conditions for the qualifications of market entities and the procedural conditions for obtaining the qualifications of market entities. This is manifested in the fact that the state has passed legislation to stipulate the conditions for the qualifications of market entities and the procedures for obtaining the file, and implemented them through the approval and registration procedures.

That's it for what market access is.

The market access system is a general term for the various systems and norms of the relevant countries and the conditions and procedural rules that allow citizens and legal persons to enter the market and engage in commodity production and business activities. It is the development of the commodity economy to a certain historical stage, with the expansion and deepening of the scope and degree of the influence of the market on human life, in order to protect the needs of social and public interests.

The market access system is the basic system of the state's intervention in the market, and it is the first link of management, which is not only the starting point of the management of the market, but also a basic and extremely important economic and legal system under the conditions of a series of modern market economy.

1. The legislative model of the market access system.

In different countries or different historical development periods of the same country, due to differences in economic development level, political and economic system, cultural and historical background, etc., the position of entering the market to engage in production and business activities is also very different, and there are also major differences in the relevant legislation, forming different market access legislative models. To sum up, there are roughly the following:

1. Laissez-faire mode. That is, the state adopts a policy of non-intervention in the entry of subjects into the market, and anyone.

Entering the market in any way and engaging in production and business activities are not prohibited by law. It is generally believed that in the early period of liberal capitalism, some Western countries adopted such a legislative model.

2. Concession model. The principle of concession refers to access by means of a special law or order.

The main body enters the market, which is mainly used to enter the market through the establishment of enterprises. In this way, the establishment of enterprises is mainly permitted in the following forms: (1) by order of the head of state; (2) established by state concession; (3) It shall be established by special law enacted by the national legislature.

Concessionism is too restrictive for the establishment of a business, so it is rarely used in modern countries.

3. Normative model. The principle of establishment of the standard refers to the necessary conditions for the establishment of an enterprise prescribed by law, and as long as the enterprise is established in accordance with the statutory conditions, the enterprise can be registered without administrative approval. In order to prevent the abuse of this principle, many countries have used laws to strictly stipulate the conditions for the establishment of enterprises on the one hand, and on the other hand, they have strengthened the supervision of the courts and administrative organs over the establishment of enterprises.

Legal Analysis: Negative List System for Market Access. After the full implementation of the negative list system for market access, all types of market entities in industries, fields, and businesses not included in the list can enter independently and equally in accordance with the law, and the market access management model is more open, round, and predictable, achieving "equality of rules, equal rights, and equal opportunities".

Legal basis

Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce on Printing and Distributing the > of the Negative List for Market Access (2020 Edition) Article 1 The Negative List for Market Access (2020 Edition) contains two types of matters: prohibition and licensing. Market entities are not allowed to enter matters that are prohibited from access, and administrative organs are not allowed to examine or approve them, and they must not go through the relevant formalities; For licensing and access matters, including relevant qualification requirements and rolling procedures, technical standards and licensing requirements, etc., the market entity shall submit an application, and the administrative organ shall make a decision on whether to grant access in accordance with laws and regulations, or the market entity shall enter in compliance with the access conditions and access methods specified in **; All types of market entities may enter industries, fields, businesses, etc., not on the negative list for market access on an equal footing in accordance with the law.

Legal Analysis: The principle of market access aims to effectively improve the conditions for market access of each party by enhancing the transparency of each country's external system, reducing and eliminating tariffs, quantitative restrictions and other non-tariff barriers that meet all kinds of mandatory restrictions on market entry, and through the specific commitments made by countries to open up their own service markets, so that countries can gradually relax the areas of service market opening within a certain period of time. Market access is the basic and initial intervention of the state in the market, the institutional arrangement for managing the market and intervening in the economy, the manifestation of the state's will to intervene in the market, and the part of the state's function of managing the economy.

The capacity for civil rights and conduct of natural persons is innate and is universally and generally recognized by law, while the capacity for rights and conduct of natural persons, legal persons and other organizations engaged in economic activities is specifically recognized by law and must be obtained through certain procedures, such as registration and licensing.

Legal basis: Article 206 of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China The State adheres to and improves the basic socialist economic systems such as the public ownership as the mainstay, the common development of the economy under various forms of ownership, distribution according to work as the mainstay, the coexistence of multiple distribution methods, and the socialist market economic system. The state consolidates and develops the public sector of the economy and encourages, supports, and guides the development of the non-public sector of the economy.

The State implements a socialist market economy and guarantees the equal legal status and development rights of all market entities.

The principle of market access refers to the degree to which a country allows foreign goods, services and capital to participate in the domestic market, and is a kind of macro control over the degree of openness of the country's market to the outside world through the implementation of various laws and the system of reputation and seals, and embodies the spirit of a country's laws.

This principle allows the parties to gradually open their markets within a certain period of time, according to their level of development, and ultimately achieve liberalization.

1. The so-called market access refers to the degree to which a country allows foreign goods, services and capital to participate in the domestic market.

2. Article 16 of the General Agreement on Services** provides that a Member shall treat other Members for services and service providers no less than the terms, limits and regulations set forth in the schedule of its commitments.

3. Market access refers to the restrictive measures between the two countries in order to open their markets to each other, including the commitment to the extent of relaxation of tariff and non-tariff barriers.

Improving the rigor of market access refers to more strict review and supervision of the qualifications, quality, and safety of enterprises or organizations entering the market, so as to protect fair competition in the market and the interests of consumers. Specific measures can include:1

Formulate stricter market access standards, such as qualification requirements, technical requirements, product quality requirements, etc., to ensure that enterprises or organizations that meet the standards can enter the market; 2.Intensify market supervision, crack down on illegal operations, substandard products and other behaviors, and punish them in accordance with the law; 3.Establish and improve the credit system, record the credit status and performance of enterprises or organizations, and restrict and punish those with bad credit; 4.

Broaden the channels and methods of market access approval, understand the situation of enterprises or organizations through various channels, and ensure that the approval process is open and transparent. Improving the rigor of market access can effectively avoid market disorder such as low-price competition and unreasonable monopoly, and ensure fair competition in the market and the interests of consumers.