What are the eating habits of the Bai people? Characteristics and taboos of the Bai people

Most of the Bai people live in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province, and the rest are scattered in Kunming, Yuanjiang, Lijiang and other places. The grain crops in Dali Autonomous Prefecture include rice, wheat, corn, potatoes, buckwheat, etc., and the cash crops include sugarcane, flue-cured tobacco and tea. Rivers and lakes are rich in fish, and mountainous areas are rich in plant and animal resources.

The Bai people eat rice, wheat, corn, buckwheat and potatoes as their staple foods, and there are many varieties of vegetables. He is also good at marinating meat and pickles, and can also make homemade fruits such as candied fruits, cangshan, and snow stewed sweet plums. During festivals, the Bai people like to use glutinous rice or wheat and barley to make liquor and water wine, and usually like sour, cold and spicy food.

Erhai Lake in Dali Prefecture is famous for producing fish, especially the bow fish. People like to eat casserole dishes. The method of casserole fish is to put more than a dozen raw materials such as ham slices, tender chicken pieces, mushrooms, cured liver slices, magnolia slices, and tofu in proportion to the fish in the clay pot.

Add pepper, star anise, salt and other condiments, put it on the fire and simmer it over a slight fire, this dish is extremely delicious.

"Milk fan" is a famous and special product of Dali Prefecture. Milk fans are generally made of goat's milk, which is not complicated to make, but requires finesse. Put the goat milk in the pot first, and then point sour water (can use alum, etc.), when the goat milk is semi-solid, use bamboo chopsticks to pick up into a fan, put it in the dustpan to dry, the milk fan can be eaten raw or cooked, with decoction is the most common.

Hello dear, Xiao Fu inquired for you that the Bai nationality is an ethnic group living in Yunnan Province, China, and its culture and traditions have strong local characteristics. According to literature and folklore, the characteristics and taboos of the Bai people include the following:1

Emphasis on marriage and family. The Bai people traditionally focus on the inheritance and continuation of the family and family, and believe that marriage is the cornerstone of the stability of the family and community. Therefore, they are also very cautious about marital issues, and usually carry out blind dates and marriage matches with the assistance of matchmakers and parents, focusing on the matching of each other's property and family background.

2.Cherish traditional culture and folklore. The Bai nationality has a unique traditional culture and folk customs, including singing and dancing, costumes, folk customs, etc.

The Bai people respect their own cultural traditions and pay attention to inheriting and carrying forward traditional culture. 3.The diet is salty.

The Bai people's diet prefers salty taste, generally likes to eat spicy, and likes to eat pork, chicken, fish and other poultry and aquatic foods. In addition, the traditional Bai food also includes special foods such as rice dry xingtao, baba, and yogurt. 4.

No firecrackers during the Chinese New Year. The Bai tradition is celebrated on the 15th day of the first lunar month, but they usually do not set off fireworks, which is said to be due to the fact that the people have been suffering from war for a long time, and the people are accustomed to reducing noise and wasting food and resources. 5.

It is forbidden to bring red items to the funeral. The Bai people have their own unique customs for funerals, and they usually sell them in stalls to build exquisite funeral houses at funerals, worship ancestral tablets, and carry out memorials and worship. During funerals, the Bai people forbade the wearing of red items, believing that it would bring bad omens.

It should be pointed out that the above characteristics and taboos are a general summary and highlight of the traditional culture of the Bai people, and do not represent the actual situation of all Bai people. When interacting with and getting to know the Bai people, it is very important to respect their traditional culture and beliefs. , the information comes from Zhihu.

1.The people of the Bai nationality like to eat sour, cold, spicy and other tastes, and are good at marinating ham, bow fish, screw sauce, fried chicken fir, pork liver gizzard and other delicious dishes. The Bai people in Dali and other central areas also like to eat a unique flavor of "raw meat" (or "raw skin"), that is, the pork is roasted into half-cooked and half-cooked, and then cut into slices or shredded meat, accompanied by ginger, green onions, vinegar, and chili peppers, to entertain guests.

2.Bai wedding banquets are customary to use "Xizhou Tuba Bowl" to entertain guests, consisting of eight hot dishes: red stew with red yeast rice; deep-fried crispy pork with egg batter; 1,000 pieces of five-flowered three-line meat steamed with soy sauce and dry pickles; tamales with sweet potatoes or potatoes; Pig's head, pork liver, pork marinated dry aroma.

white lentils covered with minced meat and egg crumbs; fungus, tofu, water, shredded eggs, chopped vegetable stalks; Bamboo shoots with fried pork strips. In addition, each guest has a pack of betel coconut, which is hearty and not luxurious.

3.Bai dining is very etiquette, the elders should sit on the meal, the younger generations should sit on both sides or opposite in turn, and the younger generations should add vegetables and soup to the elders at any time.

4.The Bai people like to drink tea. Generally, when drinking roasted tea, the tea leaves are roasted yellow with a small pottery tea can, and the tea leaves are washed with boiling water, and the heat is suddenly churning, and the aroma is overflowing.

Roasted tea is generally flushed three times, simmering and roasting while tasting tea: the first drink feels that its taste is slightly bitter, and the second taste is sweet and mellow, and the last one feels that its taste is sweet, the more you taste, the more beautiful it is, full of fragrance, and it makes people have more than one aftertaste. This is called "bitter head, two sweet, three aftertastes."

In some places, when drinking the second tea, walnut kernel slices, brown sugar, milk fans, etc. are also put into the tea, and a few peppercorns or cinnamon are added to the third tea, which has a unique flavor.

One, language. The Bai nationality has its own language, and the Chinese ethnolinguistic community generally believes that the Bai language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language group of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Compared with some other minority languages, the dialects of Bai are generally not very different.

The grammatical system of the vernacular language is basically the same in various places, and the vocabulary is mostly the same, but there are certain differences in phonetics. Chinese has been used by the Bai people since ancient times.

Second, clothing. The Bai people advocate white and take white clothes as their honor. Men and men in central areas such as Dali generally wear white or blue buns, white cardigans, black collar coats, and white and blue trousers.

Men of the Bai nationality in eastern Erhai wear suede collar gowns, or leather and satin collar gowns, with embroidered waistbands around the waist and blue or black trousers underneath. When going out, they often carry bags, and some even wear long knives.

Women's clothing varies from place to place. In the Dali area, embroidered cloth or colored towels are mostly used to wrap the head, wear white shirts, red shoulders, or light blue tops, coats and black velvet collar gowns, and hang the knots on the right line"Three whiskers"、"Five whiskers"Silver ornaments, embroidered short waistband, blue wide trousers, and embroidered shoes. Married people wear their hair in a bun, and unmarried people wear it in a braided back or braided on their head, wrapped in embroidered, printed or coloured towels.

3. Accommodation. In the form of Bai houses, the dam area is mostly there"Three rooms long", lined with kitchens, stables, and thatched houses with yards, or"One is two ears"、"Three sides and one wall"、"Four-in-five patio"The tiled house, the bedroom, the kitchen, and the stables are separated. In the mountainous areas, there are mostly grass houses with upper and lower stables"Glitter"room, fence room or"Wooden stacking room", the cooking and sleeping places are often connected.

Fourth, marriage customs. In Bai families, sons are separated from their parents after marriage. The Bai nationality does not intermarry with the same clan and surname.

Young men and women of the Bai nationality are relatively free in their love activities, and they usually take advantage of the opportunities of labor, markets, festivals and temple fairs to talk about love, test each other through mountain songs, express their feelings, and find their lovers. The Bai people practice monogamy, and the wedding is solemn and warm.

5. Daily etiquette.

The Bai people are hospitable, and it is the etiquette of the Bai people to treat guests first. Guests came to the house and treated each other with wine and tea. Famous"Three courses of tea"It is the hospitality of the Bai people.

However, the Bai people generally only pour half a cup of tea, and they need to fill the cup of wine, they think that the wine is full of respect and the tea is full of deception. When you are warmly welcomed by the Bai people, you should say thank you (thank you) to show your gratitude and gratitude.

Sixth, eating habits.

The Bai people pay attention to festivals, and almost every festival has one to several kinds of seasonal food. For example, during the Spring Festival, we eat ding candy, rice tea and Jiang Zhai rice; Steamed cakes and noodles on March Street; Eat cold salad on Qingming Festival"Fasting incense"(fried crispy pork); Eat zongzi and realgar wine during the Dragon Boat Festival; Taste the new festival and eat new beans, tender melons and old grains mixed with new rice; Eat sweets and all kinds of sweets during the Torch Festival; Eat morels and fish and meat; Eat white cakes and drunken cakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival; Eat fat sheep during the Double Ninth Festival; The winter solstice festival eats fried grains and mutton farms.