How Educational Psychology Explains Vicarious Reinforcement

Vicarious reinforcement refers to the phenomenon in which individuals reinforce their own behavior by observing the behavior of a role model. Manifests as a reward or punishment. The main functions include providing behavioral information, arousing or inhibiting corresponding behavioral motivations, emotional imitation, self-behavior evaluation, and experiencing role models.

In order to make good use of substitution and strengthening, it is necessary to establish a correct image of role models, guide individuals to strengthen their spiritual perception of role models, have an in-depth understanding of them, and apply the power of role models to themselves, cultivate their own emotions, and promote development.

Vicarious reinforcement is a concept in Bandura's social learning theory, which refers to a kind of role model substitution reinforcement. Generally speaking, learners will have a greater tendency to do the same if they see the successful behavior of others and the behavior of receiving rewards. If we see unsuccessful behavior, punished behavior, it weakens or inhibits the tendency to engage in such behavior.

In layman's terms, seeing others being praised for certain behaviors will have a reinforcing effect on one's own motivation to produce the same behavior, because this reinforcement is generated by seeing others being praised, so it is substitute reinforcement. For example, if you praise a student for actively raising their hand, other students will follow suit.

Seeing others being criticized for certain behaviors will have a negative reinforcement effect on one's own motivation to produce the same behavior, because this reinforcement is generated by seeing others being criticized, so it is substitute reinforcement. For example, if a student is criticized for being late for class, other students dare not be late at will.

Vicarious reinforcement: Reinforcement is indirectly achieved by observing that the role model is rewarded.

Primary reinforcer: directly (indirectly) related to human physiological needs, such as food, opportunities, etc., also known as "primary primordial reinforcer" or spike resistance "physiological reinforcer".

Secondary reinforcer: Food that becomes a signal for a primary reinforcer, also known as a "secondary reinforcer". It is obtained under certain conditions, since they are accompanied by the recurrence of primary reinforcements, which have an enhancing effect on the person.

Secondary reinforcement classification:

Social reinforcers: words, expressions, and behaviors of encouragement and praise (e.g., praise, smile, kiss).

Activity reinforcer: Take a break after studying and play a favorite game, such as listening.

Symbolic reinforcements: fractions, safflowers, markers, etc.

Intrinsic reinforcements: pride, a sense of accomplishment after completing a task, etc.

Answer] :d Bandura distinguishes between acquisition and behavioral performance, arguing that behavioral performance is controlled by motivational variables. Motivational processes include external reinforcement, vicarious reinforcement, and self-reinforcement.

External reinforcement: External reinforcement refers to the tendency of people to show that acting on a role model leads to a valuable outcome rather than an unrewarded or punishable outcome. Vicarious Reinforcement:

The consequences of observing the role model's behavior affect the observer's behavior in the same way as the consequences experienced directly by oneself, i.e., the learner's behavior is affected by vicarious reinforcement. Self-reinforcement: Self-reinforcement refers to the ability of people to spontaneously ** the results of their own behavior, and rely on information feedback to improve their self-evaluation and regulation.

Answer]: C In Bandura's observational learning theory, Bandura mentions the concept of direct reinforcement, vicarious reinforcement, and self-detriment reinforcement when he mentions the rental of the motivational process.