How to raise pepper seedlings, pepper seedling time and technology introduction

1. Seedbed selection: choose spring seedlings, and the seedbed should be selected from north to south, with high dry and cool water, convenient water sources, and plots that have not been planted with Solanaceae crops.

2. Seedbed preparation: It is best to dig deep into the roasting soil on the seedbed, splash a layer of human and animal manure on it, and cover it with film after drying, so as to prevent the loss of fertilizer when it rains.

3. Sowing: Before sowing, the bed soil is fully watered and leveled. The width of the seedbed is generally suitable for meters. Generally, it is not soaked to promote germination. Early-maturing seeds are generally sown in January, late-maturing seeds are generally sown in February-March, and 75-120 grams are required to plant one acre.

4. After sowing, cover the seeds with fine soil mixed with old bran ash or coal ash, with a thickness of about 2 cm, to cover the seeds. Then water, after the water is collected, cover with plastic film to facilitate windproofing.

5. Row seedlings: In order to make the seedlings thick and strong, the root system is developed, when the seedlings appear two true leaves, they need to be planted once, the plant spacing is 6-10cm, the row spacing is 12-15cm, and the seedlings are watered while rowing to prevent the seedlings from wilting, and the preparation, requirements and management of the seedbed are similar to the seeding bed.

How to raise pepper seedlings, pepper seedling time and technology introduction

The suitable temperature for pepper seed germination is 25 30, and it is not easy to germinate below 15; The suitable temperature for seedling growth is 25 27 during the day and 18 20 at nightThe soil temperature should be above 18. Sowing date The sowing date is determined according to local climatic conditions, cultivation methods, etc.

The seedling age was 70 to 80 days in the low temperature season and 70 80 days in the high temperature season.

The suitable temperature for pepper seed germination is 25 30, and it is not easy to germinate below 15; The suitable temperature for seedling growth is 25 27 during the day and 18 20 at nightThe soil temperature should be above 18.

Sowing date. The sowing date is determined according to the local climatic conditions, cultivation methods, etc. The seedling age was 70 80 days in the low temperature season and 25 30 days in the high temperature season. Spring stubble planting in the north is sown in late January, and autumn stubble planting is generally sown in mid to late July.

Seed treatment. Before sowing, select full and pest-free seeds and soak them in 55 warm water for 15min, stirring continuously, or soak them in potassium permanganate solution for 30min, and then soak them in warm water for 5 6h, drain the seeds and wrap them in clean wet gauze, and place them in 27 30 environmental conditions to promote germination. During the germination period, rinse with warm water once a day, and sow seeds after 3 4 days and when 80% of the seeds are white.

Seedling. After sowing 30 35 days, when the seedlings have 2 or 3 true leaves, the seedlings are divided into nutrient bowl paper bags or nutrient soil blocks. It can be divided into single seedlings or double seedlings, and be sure to choose seedlings of uniform size.

Seedbed management. 1.Temperature and humidity management.

The high humidity was maintained within 7 days after seedling sorting to promote root growth, and the ground temperature was maintained at 25 30 during the day and the ground temperature was 18 20. After slowing the seedlings, the temperature can be appropriately reduced, keeping 20 25 during the day and 15 17 at night to ensure the healthy growth of the seedlings and prevent them from growing; 10 15 days before planting, according to the principle of less ventilation on cloudy days, more ventilation on sunny days, and no ventilation on rainy days, low-temperature seedlings are refined, so that the seedlings are robust, neat and not long.

2.Water and fertilizer management.

After the seedling is divided, the seedling stage is generally not watered, and the heart leaves begin to grow after proper watering according to the soil moisture, not flood irrigation, to keep the soil dry and wet. In the middle and late stages of seedling growth, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea solution can be sprayed several times to ensure the healthy growth of seedlings and promote flower bud differentiation.

3.Strong seedling standards.

When planting, the seedlings are required to be 18 25 cm tall, with 9 14 true leaves, complete cotyledons, large and thick leaves, with large flower buds, and developed root system.

1. Soil: When raising pepper seedlings, it is necessary to choose fertile soil that has not been planted with Solanaceae crops. 2. Seedlings:

Pepper seeds are mixed with plant ash and sprinkled on the soil and covered with a layer of mulch. 3. Watering: After the pepper seedlings emerge, it needs to be watered once a day.

4. Planting: Peppers can be planted after they grow 2 true leaves.

1. Soil conditions

When raising pepper seedlings, it is necessary to choose a soil rich in organic matter and loose and breathable, and the soil has not been planted with solanaceae crops last year, so as not to infect the pepper with diseases, and apply well-rotted organic fertilizer or manure to the soil to improve the fertility of the soil and promote the vigorous growth of pepper.

2. Seedling raising method

When planting peppers, you need to choose seeds with full and undamaged seeds, mix their seeds with plant ash in a ratio of 1:3, and then sow them on the surface of the soil, and cover them with a layer of mulch film to increase the temperature of the soil, promote the rapid emergence of peppers, and immediately after the peppers germinate, the film should be uncovered.

3. Watering management

Before the emergence of peppers, there is no need to water them, so as not to rot the plants, and after the emergence of peppers, they need to be watered, which can be carried out at nine o'clock in the morning every year to speed up the growth rate of peppers, and in rainy or cold weather, they can not be watered to avoid frostbite.

4. Colonization method

When cultivating peppers, it is necessary to plant them in the soil after the plant grows 2 true leaves, and the plant spacing is preferably 26-33 cm, and the row spacing is 40-50 cm, and after the pepper grows new leaves, it needs to be topped with a thin manure water to promote the rapid flowering and fruiting of the plant.

The pepper cultivation season is generally in spring, and the greenhouse planting can be advanced to the autumn of the first year. Winter sowing takes place from November to December, and spring sowing takes place after warm spring in February. The temperature of the winter sowing seedbed is high, the seedlings are easy to emerge, the seedlings grow robustly, the branches are many, the flowering is early, the growth and fruiting period is long, the wow is laid, the base fertilizer is applied, the best organic fertilizer (sheep, chicken, pig manure) is watered thoroughly, and after the water seeps dry, the seeds are evenly sprinkled in the wow, and the seeds are covered with fine manure prepared in advance, with a thickness of one centimeter.

The seedlings are too thick and uneven, and the seedlings are easy to burn if they are too thin, so cover the plastic shed.

Seed disinfection, soak seeds in warm soup with water at 52 55 degrees, the amount of water should not exceed 8 times the volume of seeds, and stir constantly, when it is cold to room temperature, remove the empty seeds, and then soak the seeds after rinsing with water for 8 12 hours, place 25 30 Germination under environmental conditions for 2 4 days, to grow under the conditions of open field, to choose some varieties that are resistant to diseases, insects and pests, and adapt to changeable weather, such as Wanjiao No. 1, Zhongjiao No. 4, Guofu 403, Guota 109, Shenjiao No. 4, Xiangyan No. 16, etc., These varieties are more suitable for the cultivation of open-field peppers.

It is also possible to make full use of the free reserve to increase the temperature and strength of pepper seedlings. The planting period of peppers should be suitable. Premature frostbite can easily affect survival.

In the later stage of planting, it will lead to high temperature weather before the ridge sealing of peppers, which is not conducive to the growth of peppers and is easy to cause serious pests and diseases. First of all, apply a layer of organic fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, then make the ground soft, fold into a furrow, in intensive cultivation and fine leveling once, and then water, and after the water seeps, begin to evenly sprinkle pepper seeds, and then use a sieve to sieve a layer of fine sand.

Pour the pepper seeds into 55 warm water, the amount of water is 3 times the amount of seeds, stir well until the water temperature drops to 35, stop stirring, and then soak for 10 hours. Soak in warm water at 50 degrees for 6-8 hours before sowing, and then hole sowing in the seedbed or seedling tray, 3 seeds per hole, and then cover the soil 1 cm, the seedbed needs to be sprinkled to keep the soil moisture at about 70%.

Loosening the soil. If the soil is too thick, the germination rate of peppers will be less, and more fertilizer will be consumed, so the soil should be loosened.

Artificial seedlings can be raised, and the most important thing to do is to buy a large number of seeds first, and then carry out simple artificial seedlings, and then put them in the field for planting at a certain stage of growth.

The choice of soil. In order to make this plant grow in a fertile and loose sterile environment, it is necessary to properly allocate some nutrient soil when raising seedlings.

In fact, you can plant some pepper seeds in a pot in advance, and put them in a warmer place to plant them after pepper seedlings are easy to grow.

<>1. Preparation of nutrient soil.

Before sowing, the ratio of 7:3 between fertile soil and fine farmer's fertilizer is piled up, a layer of fertile soil is added to a layer of agricultural fertilizer, and then an appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer and fungicides (chlorothalonil, carbendazim, etc.) are sprinkled with a full decomposition and used as a seedbed. 400 kg of nutrient soil per mu of transplanting land is prepared.

2. Sowing seeds at the right time In order to meet the needs of the market, Xuanwei chili peppers are sown before the Spring Festival or in mid to late February, that is, just after the Spring Festival, and the rain is sowing in the season of stinging.

3. Dry seeds Before sowing, put the seeds in the sun for 1 2 days to increase the germination rate of the seeds. Seed treatment.

Soak with carbendazim for 8-l0 hours, mix with moist fine sand after fishing, wrap it in a dark place with plastic film to promote germination, and wait for 5-l0% seeds to bud before sowing or soaking for live broadcasting.

4. Seedling facilities (plastic small arch shed) The size of the small arch shed is determined according to the width of the plastic film, the terrain and the amount of seeding, generally wide meters, 5 meters long, and the standard small arch shed can be cultivated in 2 acres of large fields.

5. The seedbed should be low and high, wide and wide, 20 cm high, and the fine fertile soil or nutrient soil l0-l5 cm thick should be padded with sufficient water.

6. Sowing in the morning according to l kg of seeds mixed with 2-3 kg of fine sand for sowing, sowing by the method of multiple sprinkling, in order to achieve uniform sowing. The sowing layer sieve fine nutrient soil covers about l cm (subject to the cover of the seeds), and then splashed with 500 times carbendazim solution, covered with pine hair or straw, and then covered with arch film.

7. Seedbed management.

In case of low temperature night frost, you can use a double or triple layer of plastic film to prevent freezing and insulation, keep a certain distance between the two layers of film to form a thermal insulation layer, and then cover the plastic film with a straw curtain at night. After sowing, water appropriately according to the soil temperature, pick up the mulch such as pine hair or straw when the seedlings emerge neatly, and cover the fine soil twice after the seedlings emerge, and cover the soil centimeters each time. Divided into two seedlings, the first seedlings 3-4 true leaves, the second 5-6 true leaves, the pepper seedlings are planted in the nutrient bag, and the seedlings are 2 cm apart.

Pull out weeds and control pests and diseases.

8. Bagged false planting When the seedlings grow to L2-L5 cm in convenient places, they can be transplanted directly, and when the water source is scarce, the seedlings reach 5-6 true leaves when the seedlings are bagged and planted, and each bag of L seedlings.

To select seeds for germination, you need to select the seeds that grow robustly and soak them in warm water for 15 minutes to promote germination; To organize the seedbed, it is necessary to choose a loose and fertile plot that has not been planted with Solanaceae plants in 1 or 2 years, and quickly mix organic fertilizer with the land preparation; Sowing into the soil, the seeds can be mixed with plant ash for sowing; Transplanting and planting, after the seedlings grow 2 true leaves, they can be transplanted into the soil.

Pepper is recommended to use the method of sowing to cultivate small seedlings, need to pick out the growth of robust, full of grains and without insect spots of the seeds, and then the selected seeds can be soaked in warm water for 15 minutes, and finally placed in the environment of 25 for germination treatment, and after the seeds are completely exposed, you can enter the soil for sowing.

In the process of cultivating pepper seedlings, the soil needs to be loose and fertile and contains a lot of organic matter, and the plot has not been planted with Solanaceae plants in 1 or 2 years to avoid being infected with diseases, and then it is necessary to mix enough rotted organic fertilizer into the plot to supplement sufficient nutrients for the growth of the plant.

Because the pepper seeds are relatively small, before sowing, they need to be mixed with plant ash and mixed seeds, and then sown into the soil, and covered with a layer of plastic film in the later stage, which plays the role of heat preservation and moisturizing, so that the seedlings can germinate as soon as possible, and wait until the seeds emerge, the plastic film can be opened and breathable.

In the process of cultivating pepper seedlings, it is necessary to observe the growth state regularly, and wait until the seedlings grow 2 true leaves, then they can be transplanted into the soil, the plant spacing is controlled between 26 and 33 cm, and the row spacing is controlled between 40 and 50 cm.

Pepper seedling seedling breeding method such as Qingzhi socks:

1. Seed treatment

Spread the pepper seeds in the sun for 2-3 hours. Exposure to the sun can effectively kill some of the germs carried on the seeds. Soaking seeds can generally be divided into warm soup soaking seeds and bacterial liquid soaking, warm soup soaking can kill the germs on the surface of the seeds, and soaking the seeds can kill the bacteria inside the seeds.

The specific operation is to soak the seeds in 55 warm water (all the seeds should be soaked), stir constantly with a wooden stick, and then wash and dry with water after the water temperature drops.

Then soak it in 300 times of 50% carbendazim for 10 15 minutes to kill internal germs; After soaking the seeds with 3% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes, it can kill the pathogenic bacteria such as gray mold, anthracnose, early blight, wilt and the virus carried on the surface of the seeds of pepper. Finally, soak in water at room temperature for 8 to 10 hours before germination and sowing.

2. Germination

Germination is a key measure to ensure the rapid emergence of pepper seedlings after sowing and the neat and consistent seedling stage. After soaking 8 10 hours, filter and spin dry, wrap it in a wet towel, put it in an incubator of about 30, and maintain a certain humidity to promote germination, generally turn it once in about 6 hours, take it out every 24 hours and wash it with water. It should be noted that when the pepper seeds are exposed, stop washing to avoid injury to the seedlings, and wait for 2 3 seeds to germinate before sowing.

3. Seedbed preparation

The pepper seedling seedbed should be selected from the leeward to the sun, strong water retention, loose and fertile soil, and the solanaceae crops should not be planted in the previous stubble. 15 days before sowing, the bed soil should be turned deeply, an appropriate amount of farmhouse fertilizer, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer can be sprinkled to improve soil fertility, and the seedbed should be disinfected and weed control with 50% carbendazim 800 times, dixon 800 times and acetochlor.

4. Sowing

After the seedbed is leveled, water the bottom well 1 day before sowing. Before sowing, the furrow surface is raked flat and loosened, and then the seeds are sown on the furrow surface at a certain distance; When sowing, the seeds can also be stirred with fine soil or fine sand to separate the seeds and distribute them more evenly on the furrow surface. After sowing, cover with a layer of disinfected organic matter, sprinkle water with a watering can, and spread a flooring film to increase ground temperature and humidity.

Then use bamboo pieces to make a round arch skeleton, the distance from the highest point of the shed to the furrow surface is meters, and then cover it with a 2-meter-wide film, and cover the surroundings with soil to achieve the effect of heat preservation.

5. Seedling management

The humidity in the shed should be maintained within 7 days after sowing to promote the growth of the root system, and the temperature in the shed should be maintained at the same time 20 30. After slowing the seedlings, the temperature can be appropriately reduced, keep 20 25, and pay attention to uncovering the greenhouse film during the day, maintain ventilation, and avoid high temperature and high humidity. 10 to 15 days before pepper planting, the shed film should be uncovered and the seedlings should be refined.