What are the types of foreign exchange controls and how they achieve the purpose of restricting impo

1. Foreign exchange income control For the first and non-best export foreign exchange, the concentration of foreign exchange income is the main goal of foreign exchange control, and increasing foreign exchange income can ensure the balance of import needs and the balance of payments. 2. Foreign exchange expenditure control: Many of the countries that carry out foreign exchange control are developing countries with a shortage of foreign exchange, so in order to promote economic development and ensure the need for foreign exchange for key construction, these countries have relatively strict measures for the management of foreign exchange expenditure.

2. Currency exchange control: Currency exchange control is an important part of foreign exchange control, and foreign exchange revenue and expenditure control is fundamentally carried out by relying on currency exchange concerns, which can also be understood as the premise of currency exchange control. 3. Exchange rate control:

Exchange rate controls include exchange rate type control and exchange rate level control. The exchange rate level is mainly concerned with the management of the exchange rate of the domestic currency and foreign currency, overvaluing the foreign currency and undervaluing the local currency, so as to achieve the purpose of "rewarding the output and limiting the entry". The type of exchange rate control generally refers to the implementation of the rich exchange rate system.

Complex exchange rate refers to the realization of two or more exchange rates in a country.

Exchange controls are divided into quantity controls and cost controls. The former refers to the direct restriction and allocation of the amount of foreign exchange trading by the state foreign exchange management agency, and the purpose of restricting exports is achieved by controlling the total amount of foreign exchange; The latter refers to the fact that the state foreign exchange administration implements a complex exchange rate system for foreign exchange transactions, and takes advantage of the difference in foreign exchange trading costs to adjust the structure of imported commodities.

There are three main types of foreign exchange control:

Quantitative foreign exchange controls.

Cost-based foreign exchange controls.

Mixed exchange controls.

The first exhibition of the extension lease:

What is Exchange Control:

Foreign exchange control refers to the restrictive measures implemented by a country in order to balance the balance of payments and maintain the exchange rate of its own currency on foreign exchange in and out, also known as foreign exchange management, is a country through laws and regulations on international settlement and foreign exchange trading restrictions on an international policy of restricting imports, foreign exchange control is divided into quantity control and cost control.

Objects of foreign exchange control:

It is divided into two types: persons and objects, including legal persons and natural persons, and is divided into resident and non-resident pinas according to the differences between legal persons and natural persons inside and outside the country of exchange control. Foreign exchange control treatment is different for residents and non-residents, and the foreign exchange expenditure of residents is more stringent because it involves the balance of payments of the country of residence.

Scope of exchange controls:

Generally, certain controls are adopted on the receipts and expenditures of foreign exchange, non-foreign exchange receipts and expenditures, capital imports and exports, bank account deposits and exchange rates. However, for a considerable period of time, the areas of exchange control of some suzerains were limited to the currency areas they organized, such as the pound sterling area and the franc area.

1. There are three main ways of foreign exchange control:

1. Quantitative foreign exchange control 2, cost foreign exchange control 3, mixed foreign exchange control.

2. Definition: Foreign exchange control refers to the restrictive measures implemented by a country on the import and export of foreign exchange in order to balance the balance of payments and maintain the exchange rate of its own currency.

3. Pros and cons: The advantages of the implementation of foreign exchange control are that it can achieve the country's policy objectives such as balance of payments, exchange rate stability, incentive and import restrictions, and domestic price stabilization through certain control measures. The disadvantage lies in the fact that the role of the market mechanism cannot be fully played, and because of the artificial setting of the exchange rate or other obstacles, it not only causes domestic distortion and inefficiency in resource allocation, but also hinders the normal flow of the international economy. Generally speaking, in order to revitalize their national economies, developing countries mostly advocate the adoption of foreign exchange controls, while developed countries tend to completely abolish foreign exchange controls.

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There are only three types of foreign exchange control:

First: a completely floating approach.

Second: interval floating.

Third: the fixed exchange rate method.

There are many ways, such as not allowing you to remit money in foreign exchange, etc.

<> basic methods: 1. Control of export foreign exchange earningsIn export foreign exchange control, the most stringent regulation is that exporters must sell all foreign exchange earnings to designated banks at the official exchange rate.

When applying for an export license, the exporter shall fill in the **, quantity, settlement currency, payment method and payment period of the exported goods, and submit the letter of credit for verification.

2. Control on imported foreign exchange The control of imported foreign exchange is usually manifested in the fact that the importer can purchase a certain amount of foreign exchange at a designated bank only with the approval of the foreign exchange authority. Based on the import license, the authority decides whether to approve the importer's application to buy foreign exchange.

In some countries, the import approval process is carried out at the same time as the issuance of import licenses.

Three: the control of non-** foreign exchange Non-** foreign exchange involves all kinds of foreign exchange receipts and expenditures except for ** income and expenditure and capital import and export. The control of non-** foreign exchange income is similar to the control of export foreign exchange income, that is, it stipulates that the relevant units or individuals must sell all or part of the foreign exchange receipts and payments to the designated bank at the official exchange rate.

In order to encourage people to obtain non-foreign exchange income, countries may implement some other measures, such as the introduction of a foreign exchange retention system, which allows residents to open foreign exchange accounts with designated foreign exchange banks for their personal labor income and inward money, and is exempt from interest income tax.

Fourth, foreign exchange control on capital imports, developed countries usually adopt measures to restrict capital imports, usually in order to stabilize financial markets and exchange rates, and to avoid excessive international reserves and inflation caused by capital inflows. The measures they have taken include:

Require banks to absorb deposits from non-residents with higher reserve requirements; no interest or reciprocal interest on non-resident deposits; Restricting non-residents from purchasing the country's price**, etc.

Fifth, the developed countries generally adopt policies to encourage the export of capital, but they also adopt some policies to restrict the export of capital in a specific period, such as when facing a serious deficit in the balance of payments, the main measures include: stipulating the maximum amount of bank loans to foreign countries; countries and sectors restricting outbound investment; Levy an interest equalization tax on residents' overseas investments, etc.

6. Countries that implement foreign exchange controls on the import and export of cash generally prohibit individuals and enterprises from carrying, carrying or mailing **, platinum or ** out of the airclave, or limit the amount of their exports. With regard to the import of the country's banknotes, countries with exchange controls often have a registration system in place, setting limits on the import and requiring them to be used for specified purposes.

The export of the country's banknotes is subject to the approval of the foreign exchange control authority, which stipulates a corresponding limit. Countries that do not allow free convertibility of currency prohibit the export of cash from that country.

Seventh, the complex exchange rate system will inevitably form a de facto variety of complex exchange rate systems to control foreign exchange. The complex exchange rate system refers to the existence of two or more exchange rates between the country's currency and the currencies of other countries due to the rules and regulations and the behavior of the country.

Foreign exchange control is a monetary policy tool implemented by the state to manage and control international payments and capital flows in order to maintain the country's economic and financial stability. The main purposes of foreign exchange control are as follows:1

Maintaining the National Financial Stability Department: Foreign exchange control can control capital flows and fluctuations in the foreign exchange market, reduce financial risks, and maintain the stability of the country's financial system. 2.

Protect the country's economy: Foreign exchange controls can limit capital outflows, prevent a significant reduction in foreign exchange reserves, maintain the stable value of the national currency, and promote economic development and employment. 3.

Prevent financial risks: Foreign exchange control can control excessive volatility in the foreign exchange market, prevent speculation and financial market instability, and avoid the occurrence of financial crises. 4.

Adjusting the balance of payments: Foreign exchange controls can regulate the balance of payments by limiting foreign exchange inflows and outflows, avoiding payment balance problems and the accumulation of external debt.

The main purposes of foreign exchange control are as follows:

Promote the balance of payments or improve the balance of payments, a long-term balance of payments deficit will have a significant negative impact on a country's economy, and maintaining the balance of payments is one of the basic goals.

** Balance-of-payments can be adjusted in a variety of ways, but other adjustment measures can be costly for developing countries. For example, contractionary fiscal or monetary policy may improve the balance of payments, but it can affect the pace of economic development and worsen unemployment. Stabilize the exchange rate of the local currency and reduce the foreign exchange risk in foreign-related economic activities.

In the absence of exchange controls, this attracts speculative capital inflows, which can significantly exacerbate the distortion of the signal. Once the bubble bursts, speculative capital flight will trigger a series of chain reactions, causing the economic situation to deteriorate rapidly. Foreign exchange control is an effective means for these countries to maintain the stable operation of their financial markets.

To increase its international reserves, any country needs to hold a certain amount of international reserve assets. There are many ways for countries with insufficient international reserves to increase their international reserves, but most of these measures will need to be implemented over a long period of time to be effective. The blind wax system of foreign exchange management will help to achieve the purpose of increasing international reserves.

Enhance financial security

Financial security refers to a country's ability to resist internal and external financial risks and external shocks under the conditions of financial internationalization. The higher the degree of openness, the greater the responsibility and pressure on a country to maintain financial security.

Factors affecting financial security include internal factors such as domestic non-performing loans, financial system reform and supervision, as well as foreign-related factors such as the scale and efficiency of external debts and the impact of international funds. Developing countries have a low level of economic development and shortcomings in their economic structure, and there is a particular need for exchange controls as a means of enhancing their financial security.