Why did Zhuge Liang fail to defeat Wei? Zhuge Liang insisted on the Northern Expedition to Wei, what

The direct cause is the lack of grain and grass, and the preparation is insufficient.

The root cause - Liu Bei died early, and he was orphaned on his deathbed.

Zhuge Liang insisted on the Northern Expedition to Wei, and in my personal opinion, there are two reasons. First, Shu is located in the southwest, where the mountains are high and the forests are dense, the traffic is very inconvenient, and it is not the most ideal place for the founding of the country. Second, the Northern Expedition has always been Liu Bei's wish, Liu Bei as his own Bole, Zhuge Liang, a thousand-mile horse, wants to fulfill Bole's long-cherished wish for many years.

Compared with Liu Bei's strategy, Zhuge Liang's strategy is obviously more clever. He co-opted the state of Wu and only went on a northern expedition against the state of Wei, not by virtue of his own strength, and went to war with two countries at the same time. The place of Shu is not small, but the grain output is not much, which is not enough to feed the soldiers and civilians of Shu.

Zhuge Liang is known as Wolong and has a very high talent. His lifelong insistence on the Northern Expedition existed for the following two reasons.

Shu occupies the southwest region, but in the comparison of comprehensive strength, Shu ranks third. Whether it is the domestic army, or the people and food production, there is no way to feed a large number of people, let alone make Shu prosperous and prosperous.

In ancient times, the southwest area could not be compared with today, with inconvenient transportation, high mountains and dense forests, which greatly hindered the development of Shu. Zhuge Liang saw this and wanted to reverse this disadvantage through the Northern Expedition, so that Shu could also become stronger.

Zhuge Liang came out of the mountain, and Liu Bei had a lot to do with it, and Liu Bei's spirit of looking at the thatched cottage moved Zhuge Liang. As the old saying goes: "A man dies for his confidant, but a woman is for a woman who pleases herself." , Liu Bei is Zhuge Liang's Bole, Liu Bei boasts of being a descendant of King Jing of Zhongshan, and all he wants in his life is to support the Han family and restore the mountains and rivers of the Han family.

The richest land in the Han Dynasty was in the hands of the Wei State, and every time Liu Bei talked about it, he felt very heartbroken. The saddest thing before Liu Bei's death was that he failed to restore the mountains and rivers of the Han Dynasty.

Therefore, whether it is the needs of the Northern Expedition or to repay Liu Bei's kindness, Zhuge Liang can only continue the Northern Expedition. As a prime minister, he has great power in his hands, and only when he is outside will he avoid gossip and provoke distrust between himself and Liu Chan.

In this way, he wanted to fulfill some of the last wishes left by the first emperor, and he also wanted to consume some of the troops left by Wei at that time, plus this place was also a very important strategic position.

Because only in this way can we protect our own country's status, protect our country's interests, prevent our country from being harmed, and resist the invasion of other countries.

It is because their country's strength is relatively weak and their resources are relatively small, so in order to make their country strong, they can only crusade against Wei.

The food problem, Shu Road is difficult, it is difficult to go to the sky, it is difficult to transport grain from Chengdu to Hanzhong, so the grain can't keep up with the Northern Expedition!

Zhuge Liang pays attention to the stable fighting style of one city after another, although it is safe, it consumes troops and time, and it consumes too many troops to fight a city, and how many people do you have to fight one after another!

Zhuge Liang was suspicious, Wei Yan said that he went out of the Meridian Valley and took Chang'an directly, but Zhuge Liang was afraid that if he failed, he would be "dumplings", so he played safely, and finally exhausted the military and financial resources of Shu and finally failed!

Because since Guan Yu carelessly lost Jingzhou, Shu has been at a disadvantage, if you want to go on a northern expedition, you can only send troops from Yizhou, the battle line is too long, both labor and money, plus Cao Wei's geographical location is excellent, grain and grass are sufficient, there are many generals, whether it is political, military, or economic, it is stronger than Shu, Zhuge Liang's many northern expeditions are because of the lack of grain and grass, do not retreat.

It was because Zhuge Liang's Shu State lost Jingzhou at that time, and Cao Cao had unified some areas in the north at that time, and the grain and grass were relatively sufficient, and Cao Wei was in the Central Plains at that time, and the materials were relatively sufficient, but Zhuge Liang lacked grain and grass at that time, which would lead to failure.

This is because Cao Wei's strength is very strong, and the strength of the army is getting worse and worse after Zhuge Liang's many northern expeditions, and there are no generals who can be used, so Cao Wei was not defeated after all.