Chemical electron proton number relation of neutrons

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protonsWhen the overall number of electrons, protons, and neutrons is a double number, protons are equal to the number of electrons; And when the overall number of electrons, protons, and neutrons is singular, the number of protons is equal to the number of neutrons minus one.

The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons and neutrons are not directly related to the two but the number of protons plus the number of neutrons is equal to the mass number of the elements.

Particles: These things you are talking about are called particles, undefined molecules: the smallest particles that can be broken down in chemical changes.

Atom: The smallest particle in chemical change (in physics, an atom is composed of a nucleus and electrons outside the nucleus) Nucleus: In physics, it is composed of protons and neutrons, and there are electrons around the nucleus

Also known as extranuclear electrons, as the name suggests, is a particle that orbits the nucleus at high speed, its arrangement is layered (circled), and the number of electrons in its outermost shell determines the chemical properties of the atom.

Ion: If an atom it gains electrons, then it is called an anion (the number of electrons is more than the number of protons) If an atom it loses an electron, then it is called a cation (the number of electrons is more than the number of protons).

Proton: An important part of the nucleus, the mass of which is mostly made up.

Neutron: The part that makes up the nucleus of an atom.

Quarks: The smallest particles that make up matter have been discovered, and the protons and neutrons are arranged from small to large: (compositional relationship).

Quarks make up neutrons and protons make up the nucleus, and the nucleus and electrons outside the nucleus make up the atoms make up the molecules make up matter!

Number of protonsIt is equal to the number of electrons, and the number of neutrons is equal to the number of masses minus the number of protons. are elementary particles.

hadrons. They have completely different attributes, and there is no necessary connection.

So the number of nuclear charges.

Equal to the number of protons in the nucleus, we often say that the number of nuclear charges of the oxygen atom is 8, that is, the number of protons indicating the oxygen atom is 8.

Atomic model

In 1902, the German physicist Renard proposed a neutral particle dynamical model model. Lernard's early observations showed that cathode rays could travel through the aluminum window inside the vacuum tube to the outside of the tube. Based on this observation, he assumed experiments in 1903 to prove that high-speed cathode sensitive rays can pass through thousands of atoms.

According to the semi-materialists who prevailed at that time.

Most of the volume of an atom is empty of space, while a rigid substance is only about 10 to 9 of all of it. Lernard envisions a rigid substance as a composite of several positive and negative charges scattered in the interior space of the atom.

Kelvin is a famous British physicist and inventor.

Formerly known as W Thomson, due to the installation of the first Atlantic Ocean.

He was knighted in 1866 and promoted to Lord Kelvin in 1892.

I began to use the name Kelvin as a filial piety.

In an atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons, in cations, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons plus the number of charges carried, while in anions.

, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons plus the number of charges, and the number of protons is the number of protons.

Nucleus. It is composed of protons and neutrons (not divided into two layers), each proton has a single-finger positive charge, and the number of positive charges carried by protons is called the nuclear charge number, which can be based on the atomic number.

Judging the number of protons of an element, the whole atom is invisible, that is, electrically neutral, so the number of nuclear charges must be equal to the number of electrons in the nucleus.

Number of protons = number of hail = atomic number.

Number of neutrons = number of masses - number of hail of qualitative slippery talks.

Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons.

Number of protons (= atomic number) = number of electrons.

For example, if the number of protons per mu of oxygen atom is 8, then the number of electrons outside the nucleus is also 8. Number of neutrons = relative atomic mass of protons (or number of electrons or atomic number).

Because the mass of electrons outside the nucleus is so small, it is basically ignored, and the mass of the nucleus (the sum of the mass of protons and neutrons) = atomic mass.

For example, the relative atomic mass of the element iron is about 56 (to be rounded) and the number of protons is 26, then it is 56 26 = 30 neutrons.

The number of neutrons varies from isotope to any element, so this method cannot be used to calculate the number of isotope neutrons.

The first is the number of protons, which is the sum of the number of protons of the individual elements. (because the number of protons determines the elements).

After that comes the neutron number, which subtracts the number of protons from the relative mass of the particle. (Because mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons).

The number of electrons, each electron gained has one more negative charge, and the loss of one electron to one positive charge, each proton corresponds to a positive charge, so the number of electrons = the number of protons - the number of charges (subtract by numerical values).