Did Zhuge Liang really go out of Qishan to recover the Han Dynasty?

<> Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan on the surface, ostensibly to restore the Han dynasty, but in fact, to give the Shu Han regime more space for development.

The Shu Han regime survived in the southwest region and divided one side, which was closely related to the long-term war and massive population loss in the Central Plains. At that time, the Central Plains region experienced the Yellow Turban Rebellion, Dong Zhuo's Rebellion, and the Guandu War in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, which caused serious damage to the economy and society of the Central Plains. A large number of refugees fled to settle down in the Xichuan area at that time, which led to the economic development of Shu Han.

However, after Cao Cao unified the north, he took a large number of measures to develop the economy, and in the Cao Pi era, the economy was greatly recovered, and compared with Shu Han, because of the terrain restrictions, and there was no foreign population to supplement, the development space of the Xichuan region at that time was very limited.

In Longzhong, Zhuge Liang only used the Xichuan region as a base for Shu Han. If you want to go further, look elsewhere. Because the Xichuan region was located in the southwest at that time, it could not compete with the Central Plains in terms of economy and population, let alone support the strategic concept of the later period of the Shu Han regime.

Therefore, Zhuge Liang, as the formulator of the three parts of the world, analyzed the situation very well, if Shu Han wanted to dominate the world, he could only develop in the Central Plains and at that time, and at that time, there was a change of Cao Wei regime, Zhuge Liang wanted to try to take advantage of the new lord has not yet controlled the overall situation, to attack as defense, and strive to cause war in the Central Plains, so as to delay or the economic recovery and development under the rule of the Cao Wei regime, and strive for strategic development space for the Shu Han regime in the southwest.

The fifth Northern Expedition was in the spring of the twelfth year, Zhuge Liang led an army of 100,000 out of Xiegukou, arrived at Yixian, and camped in Wuzhangyuan on the south bank of Weishui. Sima Yi also built a camp to block it, not fighting with the Shu army, knowing that the Shu army was coming from afar, and it was difficult to transport grain and grass, so he wanted to drag the Shu army down. Zhuge Liang was also prepared to prepare for a long-term war in Weishui.

Zhuge Liang had agreed with Sun Quan to attack Wei at the same time before this dispatch, and in May, the Wu army of 100,000 attacked Wei, but was not victorious and withdrew to Jiangdong, so the Shu army had to unilaterally deal with the Wei army. In August, Zhuge Liang became ill from hard work, and his condition became increasingly serious, and he passed away soon after. After his death, Jiang Wei and others followed his will, kept the mourning secret, and the whole army retreated into the valley.

Zhuge Liang sent a total of five expeditions to the north, and only two times did he actually send troops to Qishan; Another time was when the Wei army attacked Hanzhong, not Zhuge Liang. In general, in later generations, it is said that it is six out of Qishan.

Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan to recover the Han Dynasty, he took the restoration of the Han Dynasty as his responsibility all his life, and it can be said that he did his best to die.

I don't think he was trying to restore the Han family, because he failed many times in battles, and he was not reconciled, so he did it.

Yes. Because Zhuge Liang spent his whole life dying for the Han family, this was the goal of his life, and he fought for it all his life.

No, the restoration of the Han Dynasty is just their slogan, and its purpose is still so that Shu can dominate the world.

From Zhuge Liang's point of view, he has always had an ideal, that is, to support the Han family, which has always been the ideal of him and Liu Bei to have a banquet together, but the two of them hid until they died, and they did not fulfill this wish. After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang was left with a big problem.

The revival of the Han Dynasty was just a cover, and as for the Northern Expedition, it was because of the most poor and prosperous choice that could be made under the conditions of internal and external factors at that time.

Liu Bei Tuogu. The situation in the Later Shu Dynasty became very severe, and the Battle of Yiling.

Almost all of the troops of Shu were lost, and the national strength of Shu became weaker and weaker because of the war, and there were barbarians in the south who continued to rebel.

Zhuge Liang. First stabilized the domestic situation, pacified the barbarian rebellion, and then carried out a series of reforms in the country's internal affairs, the national strength of Shu gradually recovered, and the domestic situation was basically stable.

Zhuge Liang made the decision to attack Wei under these circumstances, in fact, Zhuge Liang also knew that under the circumstances at that time, the attack on Wei would not be successful at all, but he also knew that the Northern Expedition was the only choice.

The first reason is that there is a single method of operation. Attacking hard from one direction is a taboo in tactics and tactics. Offensive operations emphasize the main attack and assist, so that they can cover and cooperate with each other, achieve tactical suddenness, and make the enemy overwhelmed, difficult to care about left and right, and finally lose the defense.

Six out of Qishan, basically all the way into the battle, the offensive goal and intention is very clear, it means that the enemy has made all the preparations for defense, waiting for the Shu army to attack, it seems to take the initiative to attack, but it is actually the enemy arranged a pocket to drill in, fortunately Zhuge Liang is tactically superior to Sima Yi, otherwise it will cause serious consequences for the annihilation of the whole army.

Reason two. Poor preparation. In addition to the first time there were full preparations, the rest of the times were almost all rushed troops, especially the third time, less than a year after the end of the second Northern Expedition, the third Northern Expedition was implemented in the spring of the second year, the reason was that the Eastern Wu defeated Cao Wei in the east and won the battle, Zhuge Liang then decided to take the opportunity to organize the third Northern Expedition, due to the hasty preparations, the Northern Expedition ended quickly.

Lack of preparation and avoiding strength were the main reasons why Zhuge Liang did not succeed in the second to the last north.

The third reason is the difficulty of guarantee. Due to Chengdu, Hanzhong to Qishan, Chencang and other places are far away, and are all mountain roads, to ** about 100,000 horses of grain and grass security is by no means a simple matter, plus the ancient grain and grass transportation is not as developed as now, completely rely on people and horses to transport, logistics support is extremely difficult, even if there is a lot of grain and grass in the rear, it is difficult to quickly transport to the front line, so the ancients said that the soldiers and horses have not moved, the grain and grass first, the war is the logistics support, the main reason for the failure of the second Northern Expedition of the Shu army is the grain and grass.

The fourth reason is the lack of talent. Except for Zhuge Liang, few people can take charge alone, can correctly judge and deal with the military situation on the spot, all rely on Zhuge Liang's resourcefulness alone, and finally exhausted Kong Ming to death in Wuzhang Plain, on the other hand, Cao Wei, Sima Yi, Cao Zhen, Guo Huai and others dare Zhuge Liang to call the battle.

The fifth reason is that the enemy is strong and I am weak. After the battle of Yiling, the vitality of Shu was greatly damaged, and although the national strength was greatly enhanced under the governance of Kong Ming, it was indeed a little powerless to fight against the powerful Wei State. Wei was the political, economic and cultural center of the country at that time, with a large population density, a prosperous economy, a wealth of talents, and a national strength that was obviously stronger than Shu, and Shu, after all, was a remote place, surrounded by ethnic minorities, sparsely populated, complex environment, difficult transportation, and poor economy, and could not provide strong manpower, material, financial and military resources and other logistical support for the Northern Expedition.

Because Shu occupies a small area and has a small population, there are few people in the army, and it will be difficult to defeat the resistance of Wei. In addition, there are many mountains and rivers, the road is difficult to walk, the long-distance journey is tired, and the transportation of grain and grass also takes a long time, and it is easy to have materials that cannot keep up.

Because of frequent wars, the treasury is empty, the people are complaining, the grain and grass are insufficient, the Shu Han talents are not enough, the Han family is becoming more and more corrupt, and its influence is weakening.

Because the overall national strength of Shu was not as good as that of Wei at that time, and the plan itself was more risky, Wei had precautions and vigilance in the next few times.

The national strength is insufficient, the land is vast and sparsely populated, and it is difficult to succeed.

Xue Baochai - the crown of the twelve hairpins of Jinling (tied with Daiyu), from the Xue family of the four major families, the daughter of Aunt Xue, and the cousin of Baoyu. She is a complex body of contradictions. She is generous and elegant, with graceful manners, not only the outstanding temperament of everyone's ladies, but also the quiet and indifferent, gentle and peaceful character, and the hidden pride in the depths of the soul.

She hated the darkness of officialdom, but still admonished Baoyu to study and become an official.

Time, geography, people, there is always something out of place!

Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition to the Central Plains finally failed, and he performed the historical tragedy of "dying before leaving the school, and making the hero cry". With Zhuge Liang's intelligence, Liu Bei's benevolence, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, and Huang Zhong's bravery, why couldn't the Northern Expedition succeed and restore the Han Dynasty? There are also problems in the two aspects of the heavens and the times!

Let's talk about it in five points! First: the mistake of the strategic policy, even if Liu Bei occupies Jingzhou and Xichuan, one way to the north from Jingxiang, all the way out of Qishan, until Wancheng and Luoyang, the distance between them is too far, and the strategic cooperation is not large.

Second: As far as the time of day is concerned, Cao Wei has a unified land of the Central Plains, has long had a stable rear, has a large number of generals, sufficient reserve forces, and took the lead in ushering in Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, seizing the opportunity and fully occupying the time of heaven. And the climate of Xishu is too late, and it has lost its power to take the lead, and it is too difficult to think of it later!

Third: In terms of geographical advantages, the Central Plains has extremely sufficient manpower and material resources, not only is it vast and has room for maneuver, but also the Guanzhong area is easy to defend and difficult to attack; The Northern Expedition of Western Shu, the battle line was too long, thousands of miles of grain transportation, supply was difficult, and the national and civil strength were quickly exhausted. Once the food is cut off, it will retreat without a fight.

Fourth: As far as generals are concerned, Zhuge Liang himself is of course extremely intelligent, and there is nothing to say, in the early days of Xishu, there were famous Chinese generals such as Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, and Zhao Yun, and his strength is not small, but it is still weaker than Cao Wei; In the later period, due to the long-term campaign, Western Shu was narrow and lacked talents, and finally there was a difficult situation of "there is no general in Shu, and Liao Hua is the vanguard". On the other hand, Cao Wei has a wide range of people, a large number of talented people, and talented people continue to pour out, and the generals who can conquer and fight continue to carry on the past and the future.

Xishu ** is an opponent? Fifth: As far as the law is concerned, in the early Qingming period of Western Shu, because there was Liu Bei, the lord of the Ming Dynasty, and Zhuge Liang, a virtuous minister, so the court was politically cultivated and the national power was stable.

Although Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei assisted in the later period, because of the mediocrity of the queen, the country's power weakened. Although Cao Wei has the power struggle of the Cao family and the Sima family, the politics and law have always been relatively stable, and the national governance is still possible, so the national strength has always maintained a strong trend, so how can Xishu have an opportunity? The above five points, coupled with the diplomatic mistakes of Western Shu, Guan Yu led to discord with Eastern Wu and carelessly lost Jingzhou; In the Battle of Yiling, Xishu was burned to the company camp for 700 miles, killing each other, consuming strength, and lacking important strategic cooperation; There are also mistakes in employing people, misusing Ma Tan and losing the street pavilion, these factors together made Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition end in failure! Pity!

To put this question simply, to use a sentence from Sima Hui: Although Kong Ming has won his mastery, he can't do it at the right time!

The reason is very simple, Shu is weak, Wei is strong, Sima Yi is extremely good at defense, firmly holding the fortress, and Zhuge Liang has to go out, since ancient times, there are people in the land of Bashu who do not want to forge ahead, and the small wealth is safe, only by war to maintain the morale of the Shu army, but the national strength is in front of it, even if it is the state of abundance, the country has the ability to defeat the Haohao Central Plains!

Although Kong Ming won his mastery, he could not do it at the right time.

If you can attack the heart, you will eliminate it on the opposite side, and you know that soldiers are not belligerent since ancient times;

If you don't judge the situation, you will be lenient and severe, and you will have to think deeply about how to govern Shu later.

There is such a sentence on the door of the Wuhou Temple, which says the reason for everything.

One. Bad luck, the country has a mediocre lord and a villain.

2.Shu weak Wei Qiang Sima Yi extremely through the way of defense, firmly hold the fortress, and Zhuge Liang had to go out, since ancient times, there are people in the land of Bashu do not want to forge ahead, small wealth is peace, only rely on war to maintain the morale of the Shu army, the country of abundance can not be defeated by the vast Central Plains! 3.

Kong Ming insisted on going his own way.