How to achieve speed regulation of stepper motor

When the stepper motor stepper driver receives a pulse signal, it drives the stepper motor to rotate a fixed angle in the set direction, and then controls the speed and acceleration of the motor rotation by controlling the pulse frequency, so as to achieve the purpose of speed regulation.

The rotor of a stepper motor is a permanent magnet, and when an electric current flows through the stator windings, the stator windings generate a vector magnetic field. This magnetic field causes the rotor to rotate by an angle so that the direction of the pair of magnetic fields of the rotor coincides with the direction of the magnetic field of the stator. When the vector magnetic field of the stator rotates by an angle.

The rotor also rotates at an angle with this magnetic field. With each input electrical impulse, the motor rotates an angle to take a step forward. The angular displacement of its output is proportional to the number of pulses input, and the rotational speed is proportional to the pulse frequency.

Change the order in which the windings are energized, and the motor will be reversed. Therefore, the rotation of the stepper motor can be controlled by controlling the number of pulses, the frequency and the energizing sequence of each phase winding of the motor.

For a long time, in the case of high speed regulation performance, the speed regulation system using DC motor has been dominant. However, DC motors have some inherent drawbacks, such as brushes and commutators that are easy to wear and tear and require frequent maintenance. The commutator will produce sparks when commutating, so that the maximum speed of the motor is limited, and the application environment is also limited, and the structure of the DC motor is complex, the manufacturing is difficult, the steel material used consumes a lot, and the manufacturing cost is high.

However, AC motors, especially squirrel cage induction motors, do not have the above shortcomings, and the rotor inertia is smaller than that of DC motors, which makes the dynamic response better. In the same volume, the output power of the AC motor can be increased by 10 70 compared with the DC motor, in addition, the capacity of the AC motor can be larger than that of the DC motor, reaching higher voltage and speed. Modern CNC machine tools tend to use AC servo drive, and AC servo drive has replaced DC servo drive.

Classification and characteristics 1 Asynchronous AC servo motor Asynchronous AC servo motor refers to AC induction motor. It is divided into three-phase and single-phase, as well as squirrel cage and wire-wound type, and usually uses squirrel cage three-phase induction motors. Its structure is simple, compared with the same capacity of the DC motor, the weight is 1 2, ** is only 1 3 of the DC motor.

The disadvantage is that it is not possible to economically achieve a wide range of smooth speed regulation, and the hysteresis excitation current must be absorbed from the grid. As a result, the power factor of the grid deteriorates. The asynchronous AC servo motor of this squirrel cage rotor is referred to as the asynchronous AC servo motor, which is represented by IM.

2 Synchronous AC servo motorAlthough synchronous AC servo motor is more complex than induction motor, it is simpler than DC motor. Its stator, like the induction motor, is equipped with a symmetrical three-phase winding on the stator. The rotor is different, and it is divided into two categories: electromagnetic and non-electromagnetic according to different rotor structures.

The non-electromagnetic type is divided into hysteresis, permanent magnet and reactive types. Among them, hysteresis and reactive synchronous motors have shortcomings such as low efficiency, poor power factor, and small manufacturing capacity. Permanent magnet synchronous motors are mostly used in CNC machine tools.

Compared with the electromagnetic type, the permanent magnet type has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation and high efficiency; The disadvantages are large size and poor start-up characteristics. However, after the permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a rare earth magnet with high remanence induction and high coercivity, it can be about 1 2 smaller than the DC electric dimensions, the weight is reduced by 60, and the rotor inertia is reduced to 1 5 of the DC motor. Compared with asynchronous motors, it has high efficiency due to the use of permanent magnet excitation, which eliminates excitation losses and related stray losses.

And because there is no collector ring and brushes required by electromagnetic synchronous motors, its mechanical reliability is the same as that of induction (asynchronous) motors, but the power factor is much higher than that of asynchronous motors, so that the volume of permanent magnet synchronous motors is smaller than that of asynchronous motors. This is because at low speeds, the apparent power of the induction (asynchronous) motor is much larger when it outputs the same active power due to its low power factor, and the main size of the motor is determined by the apparent power.

1.There is a certain range of stepper motor operating speeds. Generally, it is not said that the rotational speed, but only the step angle, the draw-out frequency and the pull-in frequency.

2.To speed up the operation, it is necessary to talk about the number of phases and beats that control the stepper motor. When it comes to a few phases and a few beats, we have to talk about its working frequency.

The faster you use to control the motor, the shorter the time to rotate 1 step angle at a time, and the faster the stepper motor will rotate. 3.If your control frequency is fixed, the arrival of its next phase frequency determines the change in the next step angle.

Finally: Suppose one set of pulse signals rotates a step angle, the faster the next set of pulses comes, the faster the running speed; Conversely, the slower the next set of pulses, the slower it will run; By adjusting the interval between each set of pulses, you can adjust the running speed of the stepper motor.

When the pulse control driver is adopted, the motor speed can be adjusted by changing the frequency of the control pulse, and if the control pulse is constant, the motor motor speed can be adjusted by changing the number of subdivisions of the drive.

If a driver with a built-in control pulse generator is similar to the NDC556-T, the speed of the motor can be adjusted by an external potentiometer;

If the bus control mode is adopted, the motor running speed can be adjusted through the motion control command.

The upper controller controls the speed of the stepper motor through the pulse frequency, and the number of pulses controls the displacement of the stepper motor. Adjust the speed and change the pulse frequency.

The speed of the stepper motor can be changed by changing the pulse frequency output to the stepper motor driver.

Qinqin is happy to answer for you: the speed of the stepper motor can be achieved by controlling the current, voltage, pulse width and other parameters of the motor driver. 1.

Adjust the pulse signal frequency in the motor driver: The stepper motor driver will send a pulse signal of a certain frequency to the stepper motor to control the running speed of the motor. The speed of the stepper motor can be changed by changing the frequency of the pulse signal.

This method is usually controlled using a manual device such as a knob or switch, but it can also be controlled remotely using an automated device such as a computer or PLC. 2.Adjust the current settings in the stepper motor driver:

There is a current regulation switch in the stepper motor driver, through which the current in the electric round hand family driver can be changed, and thus the speed of the stepper motor can be changed. Adjusting the current size can make the stepper motor rotate more accurately, and at the same time, it can also eliminate the problem of unstable motor speed or ** phenomenon.

Stepper motor control method: control the speed of the stepper motor and input pulse signal can be controlled.

Stepper motor speed control method Control the speed of stepper motor, mainly controlled by changing the frequency of control pulses, just pay attention to the size of the subdivision value of the driver, for example, if it is a whole step, the motor needs 200 pulses per operation, if it is a half-step, the motor needs 400 pulses to run and run, and the digital driver like EZM552, the maximum subdivision value can reach 512, and the motor needs a pulse per operation.

Working principle: A stepper motor is a motor that converts an electrical pulse signal into a corresponding angular displacement or linear displacement. Each time a pulse signal is inputted, the rotor rotates an angle or a step forward, and its output angular displacement or linear displacement is proportional to the number of pulses input, and the rotational speed is proportional to the pulse frequency.

Therefore, stepper motors are also called pulse motors.

Stepper motor, also known as pulse motor, is based on the most basic electromagnet principle, it is a kind of electromagnet that can rotate freely, and its action principle is to rely on the change of air gap magnetic conductance to generate electromagnetic torque. Its original model was of origin between 1830 and 1860. Around 1870, attempts were made for the purpose of control, and it was applied to the electrode delivery mechanism of hydrogen arc lamps.

This is considered to be the original stepper motor. <>

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A stepper motor is a type of motor that converts an electrical impulse signal into a corresponding angular displacement or linear displacement. Each time a pulse signal is inputted, the rotor rotates an angle and takes a step forward, and the angular displacement or linear displacement of its output is proportional to the number of pulses input, and the rotational speed is proportional to the pulse frequency.

How to adjust the speed of the stepper motor.

Hello and Xunqin, I am happy to answer for you [Taipeng Wu happy] <> how to adjust the speed of the stepper motor: 1By choosing the spike pulse control type driver, the speed regulation of the stepper motor can be realized by changing the frequency of the control pulse2

Select the stepper driver with built-in control pulse, and the motor can be adjusted through DIP switches, potentiometers, and analog signals.

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A stepper motor is a kind of motor that converts electrical pulse signals into corresponding angular or linear displacements. Each time a pulse signal is inputted, the rotor rotates at an angle and the forward difference is not further advanced, and the angular displacement or linear displacement of its output is proportional to the number of pulses input, and the rotational speed is proportional to the pulse frequency.

The speed regulation of the stepper motor can be achieved by changing the frequency of the dispersion pulse before the control. Specifically, it can be achieved through the following steps: select a pulse-controlled driver, and change the running speed of the stepper motor by changing the frequency of the control pulse.

Select a stepper driver with built-in control pulses, and use a DIP switch or potentiometer to rewind the limb or an analog signal to regulate the speed of the motor. With communication control function, the running speed of the motor can be directly changed through the control command. A stepper motor is a mechanical device that is driven by electricity, and its rotation position is controlled by a series of pulse signals.

The speed and direction of the stepper motor depends on the input pulse signal.

Summary. With the rapid development of power electronics technology, the performance indicators of frequency conversion speed regulation can reach or even exceed the DC motor speed regulation system.

With the rapid development of power electronics technology, the performance indicators of frequency conversion speed regulation can reach or even exceed the DC motor speed regulation system.

The stepper motor driver adjusts the pulse frequency of the input drive calendar and the subdivision parameters of the driver to achieve the role of adjusting the speed of the stepper motor, and its rolling is to control the number of steps of the stepper motor per unit time.

You can try changing the pole pair speed regulation.

However, there can only be a step to answer the speed regulation, can not achieve stepless smooth speed regulation, and due to the limitation of the motor structure and manufacturing process, usually can only achieve 2 3 kinds of pole pairs of stepwise speed regulation, the range of speed regulation is quite limited.

Frequency conversion speed regulation can also be used.

However, for the occasion that the running time of the load of the low Huai slag belt is longer than that of the beam, or the start and lead reed stop are more frequent, the purpose of saving electricity and protecting the motor can be achieved. Disadvantages: The technology is more complex, ** higher.

Or the commutator motor regulates the speed.

However, for the occasion when the sensitive collision interval is long during low-load operation, or the start and stop are frequent, the purpose of saving power and protecting the motor can be achieved. Disadvantages: The technology is higher than that of the complex Wang Yingzaqiao Ling, **.

However, the overload capacity is low, and the capacity of the original motor can not be fully utilized.

Cascade speed regulation is also OK.

However, the power factor is low, there is harmonic interference, and there is no braking torque during normal operation, which is suitable for single-quadrant operation loads.

The stator voltage regulation is also applicable, which is cheap and simple.

Generally, it is suitable for asynchronous motors below 55kw.