Was the Battle of Weishui won by Zhuge Liang or Sima Yi? How to win

What does the Battle of Weishui have to do with Sima Yi.

It was Sima Yi who won, mainly because the Shu general Ma Tan carelessly lost the street pavilion, causing Zhuge Liang to be passive in the overall situation, and he had to empty the city plan before retreating.

The Battle of Weishui was the final decisive battle between Cao Cao and Ma Chao and other allied forces in Guanzhong in order to pacify Guanzhong, also known as the Battle of Weinan.

The second floor has already made it very clear, at that time, Zhuge Liang had not yet come out of the mountain, and Sima Yi was still a deserter.

Zhuge Liang Sima Yi's last battle was the battle of Shanggu, which ended with Zhuge Liang dying of illness in Wuzhangyuan, and Sima Yi won.

In Zhuge Liang's sixth exit from Qishan, because Eastern Wu also marched from the southeast to Hefei and other places in Wei at this time, Sima Yi knew his strength after several encounters with Zhuge Liang, and the Lord of Wei also ordered Sima Yi to stick to it without fighting. So the two armies held each other in Weinan for a long time, and because the Shu army came from afar, it could not fight for a long time.

So Zhuge Liang wanted to use a strategy to introduce Sima Yi into the upper valley, and then use the flammable substances prepared in advance to burn Sima Yi's people and horses alive in the upper valley. When Wei Yan introduced Sima Yi and others into the upper valley, the upper valley was burned by the flammable substances prepared by the Shu army.

Sima Yi and the others also escaped by luck. Zhuge Liang, who was on the valley above, couldn't help but sigh deeply when he saw this situation: "It is up to people to plan things, and it is up to heaven to make things happen." Don't be strong! ”

Scientific review

The entrance to the upper valley is narrow, the hinterland is wide, the two sides are high, the middle is low, this terrain is not conducive to air circulation, once the valley **, the temperature begins to rise, the air close to the ground is rapidly heated and expands and rises, and the upper layer and the surrounding cold air shrinks and sinks, forming a strong convective valley wind, so there is a phenomenon of strong winds.

At the same time, when a large number of hot air currents at the bottom of the valley rise to a certain height, the water vapor in the air condenses into clouds due to the decrease in air temperature, and a large amount of smoke and dust generated by the burning of firewood and grass rises to the sky with the air, which provides an ideal condensation nucleus for water vapor condensation, thereby accelerating the condensation of water vapor.

The small droplets in these clouds collided with each other, and the volume gradually increased, eventually leading to a situation where heavy rain poured down, extinguishing the fire in the valley above, and Sima Yi was able to escape.

Zhuge Liang burned Shangfang Valley, originally wanting to destroy Sima Yi's department, but he didn't expect heavy rain from the sky to extinguish the fire, making it fall short, and finally Sima Yi led his troops to escape.

However, this is the story in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and it does not exist in history.

Zhuge Liang's confrontation with Wei.

1.In the spring of the sixth year of Jianxing (228), Zhuge Liang raised his voice in advance to take the Xiegu Road, and asked Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi to set up suspicious troops in the Xiegu, attract Cao Zhen's heavy troops, and lead a large army to attack Qishan (northwest of Xihe County, Gansu). The three counties of Nan'an, Tianshui and Anding in Longyou were anti-Wei and attached to Shu.

Zhang He refused, broke the horse in the street pavilion, and Wang Ping was unable to support himself. Zhuge Liang Baxi County more than 1,000 families returned to Hanzhong. This is the first time out of Qishan.

2.In the winter of the same year (228), Zhuge Liang went out of Sanguan (southwest of Baoji City, Shaanxi) to surround Chencang (east of Baoji City), and returned to Hanzhong after running out of grain. Wei chased Wang Shuang and was beheaded by Wei Yan.

3.In the spring of the seventh year of Jianxing (229), Zhuge Liang sent Chen Shi to attack Wudu (around Chengxian County, Gansu Province) and Yinping (around Wenxian County, Gansu Province). Yongzhou assassin Guo Huai led troops to rescue him, Liang went out to Jianwei (west of Xihe County, Gansu Province), Guo Huai retreated. So he got two counties.

4.In the autumn of the eighth year of Jianxing (230), the Wei army attacked Hanzhong on three routes, Sima Yi went to Xicheng (northwest of Ankang County, Shaanxi Province), Zhang He went to the Meridian Valley, and Cao Zhen took the Xiegu Valley. Zhuge Liang garrisoned in Chenggu (east of Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province) and Chisaka (twenty miles east of Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province).

After more than 30 days of heavy rain, the Wei army retreated.

5.In the same year (230), Zhuge Liang sent Wei Yan and Wu Yixi into Qiangzhong, and defeated the Wei general Fei Yao (Yao) and Yongzhou Assassin Guo Huai in Yangxi (Nan'an County, in the southwest of Wushan in Gansu Province).

6.In February of the ninth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang led a large army to attack Qishan, and began to transport grain with wooden oxen. When Cao Zhen was seriously ill, Sima Yi supervised the generals in the Guanzhong to refuse.

Zhuge Liang cuts wheat in Shangtai (Tianshui County, Gansu Province). Sima Yi chased Liang to Lucheng (between Tianshui City and Gangu), digging camps and defending himself, and there was a ridicule of "fearing Shu as fearing tigers". In May, Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang fought against each other, and Wei Yan and other generals captured the first 3,000 levels of enemy armor, 5,000 Xuan armor, and 3,100 crossbows (the author wonders, is this battle the prototype of "burning Shangfang Valley"?).

In June, Li Yan was returned due to poor grain transportation. Zhuge Liang designed in the wooden doorway, and shot the famous general Zhang He with a crossbow.

Li Yan was deposed as a civilian. This is the second out of Qishan.

7.In February of the twelfth year of Jianxing (234), Zhuge Liang led the army out of Xiegu Road, according to Wugong Wuzhangyuan (Qishan South, Shaanxi Province), Tuntian in Weibin. Sima Yi could not defend it. In August, Zhuge Liang died in Wuzhangyuan.

That rain foreshadowed the will of heaven, in fact, even if it rained at that time, it didn't matter, it could give Sima Yi a good time, but since the will of heaven was like this, Zhuge Liang knew that it was unlucky, and all this was unnecessary.