The spiritual essence of Greek culture, what is the correct description of the Greek spirit

Greek spirituality refers to an elite school of divine attitudes and ideas in ancient Greek culture and philosophy, including values and beliefs in rationality, freedom, aesthetics, democracy, humanism, etc. A proper description of the Greek spirit should include the following aspects of hunger:

1.Reason: The Greek spirit emphasized rational thinking and reasoning, the pursuit of truth and wisdom.

2.Freedom: The Greek spirit believed that human beings should have a free and independent capacity for thought and action.

3.Aesthetics: The Greek spirit focused on art and aesthetics, striving for perfection and beautiful form and expression.

5.Humanism: The Greek spirit emphasized the dignity and worth of the human person and encouraged people to pursue the goals of self-realization and human progress.

Aristotle, the great philosopher of ancient Greece, said at the beginning of his book "Metaphysics" that there were three conditions for the birth of philosophy and science in ancient Greece: The first is "amazement", which is the confusion and amazement that people show about natural and social phenomena, and with amazement, they will feel their ignorance, and in order to get rid of ignorance, people will thirst for knowledge. But the quest for knowledge is not for practical purposes, but purely for the love of wisdom, the pursuit of truth.

In layman's terms, the first condition is that people are required to be curious and eager to learn. The second condition is "leisure". The intellectual class does not have to work hard for the sake of life, because people who are engaged in heavy physical labor all day long and have no leisure cannot engage in such complex mental work as seeking knowledge.

The third condition is "freedom". Philosophical knowledge is self-sufficient, it exists for no other purpose but purely for its own sake, it is a free discipline that requires freedom of thought, freedom of expression, and freedom from other ends and interests.

As an ancient civilization, ancient Greece has made great contributions in science and technology, mathematics, medicine, philosophy, literature, drama, sculpture, painting, architecture, etc., and has become the source of the development of European civilization in later generations.

Ancient Greek culture is the cradle of Western civilization and a symbol of human wisdom. Ancient Greek culture is the source of Western culture, and it is famous for its unique style and outstanding achievements. Ancient Greek culture is very prominent in literature, art, philosophy, religion and mythology, political science and natural science, and is even called the most classical culture by Western scholars.

The reason why ancient Greek culture can occupy a prominent position in the history of world culture is that in the process of historical development, ancient Greek culture has created countless dazzling cultural achievements and reached a new high-end in the history of human civilization. Inspired by the ancient Greek culture and later the Roman culture as the successor of the Greek culture, the Greek civilization began in the twentieth century BC, and after thousands of years of accumulation and precipitation, the ancient Greek people created countless dazzling spiritual wealth and cultural and artistic treasures. Ancient Greek culture has made brilliant achievements in religion, mythology, philosophy, literature, art and science, and has had a huge and far-reaching impact on the subsequent Western civilization and even the development of world culture.

The works of art created at that time can still give us artistic enjoyment, and in some respects they are still a normative and unattainable model; Philosophy and scientific thought have laid the foundation for human understanding of nature, society and thinking.

1. The spirit of ancient Greek reason: The spirit of Greek reason is deep and thorough reflection and doubt. They searched for the ultimate truth of things from heaven to earth, and gave birth to Greek philosophy, literature, and natural science; 2. The Olympic spirit of ancient Greece:

Just as ancient Greek civilization is the cradle of Western civilization, ancient Greek literature is also the beginning of Western literature. 3. The spirit of ancient Greek humanism: The spirit of the so-called Greek culture, in a word, is the spirit of simple "humanism". This humanist spirit is embodied in the conscious pursuit of reason, beauty, and freedom in their culture; Another manifestation of the spirit of Greek humanism is the pursuit of individual and spiritual freedom, the rebellion against fate.

From King Oedipus to Medea, what they convey is an indomitable spirit of resistance and a relentless pursuit of human freedom; 4. The spirit of ancient Greek tragedy; Greece is the awe of nature and the fear of fate of the primitive ancestors. The spirit of tragedy is actually a lament for the sad fate of the hero, and it makes people feel a sublime and shocking beauty.

One: idealism.

An important aesthetic idea of ancient Greece was that harmony is beauty. The ancient Greeks put forward the idea of ** proportion very early on.

Ancient Greece, and applied to painting and engraving. The most fundamental idea of the Pythagorean philosophical outlook is that the universe and the world are constituted according to the relationship and principle of "number", so it is the most harmonious and has the most regular number. In literature, men mostly have extraordinary strength and handsome physiognomy and well-developed muscles.

Women have stunning looks and attractive carcass. God actually has the same emotional shortcomings as human beings, but they have divine powers that human beings do not have, in other words, God is just an idealized human being.

Two: Humanism.

The core idea of the Renaissance is that humanism is by no means accidental. Ancient Greek culture played an important role. The Greeks valued personal values, pursued freedom, and enjoyed pleasure.

Greek mythology often appears in demigod heroes, such as Hercules, Theseus, Perseus, etc., and there is no need for further examples. God, like man, pursues women and competes.

Three: rationalism.

The Greeks were unrestrained and possessed the so-called "Dionysian mood". However, compared with other ethnic groups, the rational color is still more prominent. The ancient Hebers believed in God The Egyptians revered the sun god, and the Indians worshipped even more.

The attitude of the Greeks towards God was not so much worship as yearning. People even dare to make jokes about God. This rationalism allowed Socrates to drink poisonous wine for the truth.

The Greeks applied this to philosophy, thinking about the origin of the world, the logic of paradoxes; Applying science to the study of levers, pulleys, buoyancy, and discovering the mystery of numbers.

Four; Tragic.

The contradiction between one's own pursuit and destiny forms a tragedy. Strictly speaking, every nation has its own tragedy, but Greece is the strongest, and only Japan seems to be close to it. Homer's epic poems are a representation of tragedy.

Achilles and Hector are two typical tragic figures. The former is the contradiction between one's own pursuit and destiny, and the latter is the contradiction between one's own ideology and the mission of the country. Here's an ominous introduction.

Five: majestic.

This is a continuation of the previous point. Tragedy is not about writing tragedy, but about being tragic and majestic. Greek epic dramas are mostly heroic and lyrical.

The language is high-pitched and the sentence structure is short. The Parthenon of Greek architecture is tall and magnificent, and the sculpture "The Stone Thrower" is a bodybuilder.

The main feature is cultural penetration first, and then two-way integration. It has become a cultural imprint of an era. It's good.

Hellenism can be said to be the era of "globalization" of the ancient Mediterranean world. "Hellenization" generally refers to North Africa, Western Asia, Central Asia, and the Greek world after Alexander's conquest of Macedonia, including the three dynasties established after his death, namely 334 BC to the 1st century BC. During the Hellenistic period, the peripheral backward peoples in a marginal position rose rapidly, cultural exchanges developed from one-way to two-way, and the center of civilization moved to the new large cities or capitals at the junction of the Eurasian continent and the two river basins.

Hellenism promoted the fusion of Eastern and Western religions and the formation of world religions and the formation of a Middle Eastern civilizational sphere.