During the Warring States Period, how did Qi replace Wei as the strongest country in the East?

He vigorously developed his own fishing and animal husbandry, improved his country's economy, used it to equip his army, and actively diplomacy, and carried out exchanges with other countries, and gradually became the most powerful country in the East.

Sun Bin defeated Pang Juan. Sun Bin used the stove reduction trick to trick Pang Juan and Wei Wushu into the valley, and finally destroyed them, and the Wei State that lost Wei Wushu lost its hegemony.

During the Warring States Period, the reason why Qi replaced Wei as the strongest country in the East: Wei was the most prosperous state in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. After the three families were divided, Wei obtained the land in the southwest of Shanxi Province, where the soil layer is rich, not only suitable for production and manufacturing, but also has a dangerous terrain as a natural barrier, coupled with Wei Wenhou's broad knowledge, appointed Li Kui to carry out the Shang Dynasty reform, not only so that the land of Wei State has obtained excellent development design, and the comprehensive national strength of Wei State is increasing day by day.

Several generations of kings of Wei Wenhou and Wuhou cooperated with Han and Zhao to continue to open up and expand their opening up to the outside world, and the Qin Dynasty conquered the Hexi District in the west, conquered the Yan State in the south, defeated Zhongshan City in the north, and retreated to the Zhao State in the east. When the Wei State reached King Hui of Wei, the development trend of comprehensive national strength reached its peak. King Hui of Wei had the intention of inheriting the dominant influence of the Jin State in the Spring and Autumn Period, so he organized many themed activities of the Alliance, and the four kingdoms of Lu, Wei, Song, and Zheng came to pay tribute.

As early as the stage of Tian Qi Huangong, Zhao had a conflict with Wei; And Zhao and Han, who were both of the Three Jin Dynasty, also had a dispute with each other because of the excessive strength of the Wei State. In that case, there will definitely be a gap in the cooperative relationship between the three Jins, and at this time, the opportunity of Zhao Guo appeared. Battle of Guiling - Although Zhao State won, it did not hurt Wei State at all.

During the reign of King Qi Wei, Qi, Zhao and Song met in Pinglu, indicating that Zhao and Yan gradually cooperated at this time. After King Qi Wei carried out the restructuring, the comprehensive national strength of Zhao increased day by day, and he wanted to develop to Western countries and northern regions again.

However, this move, of course, would create a situation in which the Wei state was hostile. Therefore, since the Pinglu Minister's meeting, although Zhao and Yan had a consensus on cooperation, they did not dare to blindly annoy Wei. King Qi Wei once sent troops to attack the Yan Kingdom, but the battle of Goushui did not win and could only be evacuated; Later, the well-known "Battle of Guiling" broke out between Zhao and Wei, which became the starting point of the Qi and Wei rivalries.

In the fourth year of King Qi Wei, Yan attacked Guo Kai, a vassal state of Wei, and then King Hui of Wei and the combined forces of Wei and Song sent troops to attack Zhao, and Yan could not resist the attack of the allied forces organized by Wei, so they were defeated and retreated, and finally Wei surrounded Handan City, Yan State, and the situation of Yan State was shaky, so he could only ask Zhao State and Yan State for help.

As soon as the information reached the Zhao State, the internal structure of the Qi State was divided into Zou Ji's main peace faction and Duan Ganlun's main battle faction, resulting in a fierce debate situation. It can be seen that Yan Guo asked Zhao Guo for reinforcements, which was a very serious matter for Zhao Guo and must be faced carefully. If the army rescues the Yan State, then it means that the powerful Wei State is the enemy, and such a thing is undoubtedly a severe test for the Zhao State that has just completed reform and innovation.

If the tragic rescue of Zhao Guo is not successful, then it will definitely suffer greater damage; However, if the Yan State is not rescued, it will cause the Wei State to merge with the Yan State, which may jeopardize the development strategy of the Zhao State to the west.

Wei was the most powerful state in the early Warring States period. After the division of the three potato respects, Wei Shu Gao Shenguo obtained the land in the southwest of Shanxi, where the soil is fertile, not only suitable for production, but also has a dangerous terrain as a barrier, coupled with Wei Wenhou's broad vision, appointed Li Kui to carry out the change, not only the land of Wei has been well developed, but also the national strength of Wei has been increasingly enhanced.

The two generations of monarchs of Wei Wenhou and Wuhou united Han and Zhao to continuously expand abroad, conquering Qin in the west to obtain Hexi, conquering Chu in the south, Zhongshan in the north, and retreating to Qi in the east. When Wei Nian's country was passed to King Wei Hui, the national strength developed to its peak.

King Wei Hui intended to inherit the hegemony of the Jin State in the Spring and Autumn Period, so he presided over the alliance activities many times, and the four kingdoms of Lu, Wei, Song, and Zheng came to pay tribute, and the Wei State seemed to have the momentum of the overlord of the world, which made the neighboring Qi State feel threatened.

As early as the reign of Duke Huan of Tian Qi, the state of Qi had a conflict with the state of Wei; And Zhao and Han, who were also members of the Three Jin Dynasty, also contradicted Wei because it was unilaterally too powerful. In this context, cracks will inevitably appear in the cooperative relationship between the three Jins, and at this time, the opportunity for the Qi State has arrived.

The Wei forces that Qi fought through the Battle of Maling and the Battle of Guiling were damaged, and the domestic economy was also affected by the war. Moreover, Han Wei, Changzhao, and Lu Zhao also couldn't take the alliance anymore, so the Qi State took the opportunity to rise.

This is mainly related to the Battle of Guiling and the Battle of Maling. In the end, the Qi army Chen Sheng pursued and defeated the Wei army, annihilating more than 100,000 enemy troops.

The state of Chu has never been very active, and if it is strong, it is not big, but the land area has always been the largest, and it will be considered strong. But in fact, although the land was large, it had a small population and insufficient troops, and was defeated many times.

The Wei State, the strongest in the early stage, almost destroyed the Qin State. Later, the state of Qin became strong in business and changed the law, and pressed the Wei state into a second-rate country.

The state of Zhao, the north and the Xiongnu border. The soldiers were strong, but they were held back by the Huns. However, because of the strength of the army, the Qin State did not dare to provoke easily. In the final battle of Changping, the army that could fight was killed too much and injured its vitality. Zhao Guocai declined.

The state of Qi occupies a favorable geographical position, and the salt of the princes is mostly produced by the state of Qi, and the state of Qin absorbs the hatred of the three kingdoms of Han, Zhao and Wei, and the war has always been less, and it has always been strong because of its wealth. Around 300 BC, the state of Qi listened to Mencius's words and destroyed the state of Yan, but then gave up due to the opposition of the people of Yan. The monarch of Yan was determined to take revenge, and let Su Qin be a spy of Yan to become the prime minister of Qi, and made Qi a country that did not pay attention to faith, and almost all the princes in the world were offended by Qi.

Around 284 BC, the former Xiangguo of Wei and the former Xiangguo of Qi of the Qi royal family Meng Weijun Tianwen (fiefdom in Xue, also known as Xue Wen) and Yan Xiangguo Le Yi lobbied the other five states outside Chu to attack the Qi state, and the king of Qi was killed by the Chu generals sent to the rescue. The Qi Kingdom was almost wiped out by Le Yi. Five years later, Tiandan was restored.

But Qi Guo's vitality was injured and reduced to second-rate.

Wei is a change of law plus located in the Central Plains**, a place where business travel is distributed, so it is strong. The state of Qin is a change of law, plus the annexation of Bashu. The state of Chu is a vast land. Zhao is a strong soldier and can fight. The state of Qi is the advantage of salt and iron and is located on the edge, far away from the Qin state, and the diplomacy is flexible.

Yan country, the country is small and the people are few, and there are few readers. Except for the time when he attacked Qi, it was not considered a strong country, and it was comparable to Han and Wei in the later period.

South Korea, congenitally deficient, the geographical location is too poor, first bullied by Wei, and later by Qin, it has never been strong.

First of all, during the Warring States Period, it was a situation where the Seven Kingdoms and the Seven Kingdoms were dominant, and after the influence of the Shang Dynasty of the Qin State, the rest of the countries changed the law one after another, and these countries were very powerful, but they did not rise at the same time, but you sang and I appeared.

Wei State, the first hegemon of the Warring States, was strong for nearly a century, and Wei dominated the West River. Qin Guo, don't talk about it, everyone knows it. The state of Chu is barely strong, although there are many territories, but there are not many places that can actually be controlled, many indigenous tribes and undeveloped areas.

Zhao State, Hu Fu cavalry shooting, military and Qin State equal, at the end of the period he can fight with Qin State. What suffers is that the comprehensive national strength cannot be compared with the Qin State. The state of Qi ended the hegemony of Wei, and the Central Plains replaced Wei as the hegemon, and made Song Wei, a vassal state originally dependent on Wei, dependent on him, and was recognized by Qin as the Eastern Emperor.

Summary: In the examples given by the landlord, they are all very powerful. Among them, Wei and Qin are the most powerful, the Warring States period is 250 years, Wei has been dominant for 130 years, and Qin has been dominant for 35 years.

Different times are different, and they have all been strong.

Qi had previously become the first overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period under the rule of Duke Huan of Qi, but after the death of Duke Huan of Qi, civil strife began to occur in the State of Qi, which led to the decline of national strength and was no longer able to claim hegemony. In 391 BC, the Tian clan officially entered the stage of history and began to rule the Qi state. It was not until 314 BC that the state of Qi was strong again.

During the Warring States Period, the most powerful state of Qi was the reign of King Qi Wei and King Xuan of Qi.

In 353 BC and 341 BC, King Qi Wei appointed Tian Ji as a general, with Sun Bin as his military advisor, and defeated Wei twice in the Battle of Guiling and the Battle of Maling, respectively, so Qi re-entered the ranks of great powers and became the overlord of the East. After King Qi Wei, Tian Piqiang ascended the throne as King Xuan of Qi.

King Xuan of Qi continued to attach importance to talents, worked hard to develop cultural construction, and founded the Jixia Academy, so that the cultural center of the world was moved from Wei to Qi. Mencius, Zou Yan, Shen Dao and other great people at that time all stayed in the Jixia Academy. In 314 BC, King Xuan of Qi took advantage of the civil strife in Yan (Zizhi Rebellion) to attack the Yan State and almost annexed the entire Yan Kingdom.

In addition, King Xuan of Qi also united with Chu to attack Qin in 313 BC, and then united Han and Wei to attack Chu in 303 BC.

During the Qin, Han, Wei and Jin dynasties, Qi was still called the Eastern Qin, and it was generally believed that Qi was a convenient place with an equal situation with Guanzhong, and as for the economy, in the pre-Qin and Western Han dynasties, Guanzhong could not be compared with Qi. The strong national strength of Qi is caused by the solid material foundation, and has nothing to do with the position of Jin Chu. Xunzi said that Qi Zhiqiang "won Chu in the south and defeated Qin in the west", and Han Feizi believed that "the marquis was strong in Qin and Qi was strong, because he asked Liqi to be the Eastern Emperor".

Different from the self-made wisdom of later scholars, the princes of the Warring States believed that the strength of Qi was at least equal to that of Qin, and the name of the Eastern Emperor was a reflection of the strength of Qi.

Qi Qin did not practice alone, and the first battle between the two sides during the Warring States Period ended in the victory of Qi. As for the interference of the Three Jins, it mainly refers to Han Wei. This is inevitable, because Qi and Qin do not border, and Qin also wants to take down Qi by its own strength, but in the end it flees back in disgrace.

Although Han Wei could make way for the Qin army under the pressure of the Qin State, there would be great trouble if he did so, so whether Qin attacked Qi or Qi attacked Qin, he had to pull Han Wei in, because the only way to ensure the safety of his back road was to tie Han Wei and himself together. At the same time, whether or not Han Wei can be won over is also a manifestation of Qi Qin's international status. Han Feizi unceremoniously said that King Qi Min was "the envoy Han Wei", and it was not difficult to defeat the other countries in the Seven Heroes, but it was difficult to make them dependent on him and become a vassal state.

Chu and Zhao were once powerful, but the princes of the world rarely recognized them as leading states, and the only country that once enslaved other kings like servants was Qi Qin.

Strong Qin defeated weak Zhao is indeed not a turning point, Qin was still strong when Qi was the strongest, but later Qi resorted to force against its neighbors for a long time, and military means were often overused, for example, fifty days to destroy Yan, annex the fifth thousand times Song State of the eighth male of the Warring States, even Qin State was difficult to do at that time, it can be seen that the military strength of Qi State is very strong, the so-called Qi State is economically strong and militarily weak is originally a misinformation, when Qi State is the strongest, it can indeed command the world, and Qin State has no scruples about large-scale eastward expansion is after Qi State almost perished, Obviously, it was the Qin State that was the dominant family after the Five Kingdoms conquered Qi.

At that time, the Qi State was almost invincible when it was at its strongest, and it was the two emperors of the East and the West with the Qin State. In 314 BC, the "Rebellion of the Son" occurred in the Yan Kingdom. Under the persuasion of Meng Ke, King Xuan of Qi ordered Kuang Zhang to lead the "soldiers of the five capitals" and "the people of the north" to defeat the Yan State.

In 301 BC, Qi united with Han and Wei to attack Chu and defeated Chu. From 298 BC to 296 BC, Qi united Han and Wei to attack Qin for consecutive years, invaded Hangu Pass, and forced Qin to sue for peace. In October 288 BC, the king of Qin called the Western Emperor and sent an envoy to establish the king of Liyu as the Eastern Emperor, wanting to make an appointment with Zhao to fight together.

Su Dai persuaded Queen Xiang, who was called the emperor and returned to the king two days later. In December of the same year, Lü Li entered Qin from Qi, and the king of Qin also went to the emperor to reclaim the title of king. In 286 BC, King Xiang destroyed the Song Kingdom, invaded the Chu State in the south, and invaded the Sanjin Kingdom in the west, and the Qi State reached its peak.

The king intends to annex Erzhou and become the Son of Heaven.

Since he was almost wiped out by King Yan Zhao, he has been in a slump - he used to want to beat whoever he wanted, so he was beaten by the group and only two cities were left.

During the Warring States Period, there were two major wars in Qi and Wei.

1. The Battle of Guiling.

The Battle of Guiling took place in 353 BC. King Qi Wei ordered Tian Ji to be a general, and let Sun Bin be a military advisor, "living in the chariot and sitting as a plan". Sun Bin was murdered by Pang Juan when he was in the Wei State and was "tortured" (cutting off his kneecaps) and could no longer walk.

Sun Bin is a native of Qi and a descendant of Sun Wu, and studied the art of war with Pang Juan when he was a teenager. When the Qi army was dispatched, Handan had already been broken by the Wei army, and Tian Ji was preparing to enter the territory of Zhao directly to engage the Wei army. Sun Bin's specific suggestions to Tian Ji are:

Avoiding the sharp front of the Wei army, he sent some elite troops to rush to Daliang, attack it and save it, and deploy the main force in the area of Guiling (now northwest of Changyuan, Henan), the only way for the Wei army to rescue Daliang. As Sun Bin expected, Pang Juan stayed in Handan with a small number of men, and the main force abandoned his baggage and returned to rescue the beam lightly. When the Wei army passed through Guiling, it was ambushed by the Qi army, and the Wei army was defeated and Pang Juan was captured.

The Battle of Guiling is a classic example of "encircling Wei and saving Zhao" initiated by Sun Bin. To this day, this line of thinking still has vitality.

2. The Battle of Maling.

The Battle of Maling took place in 341 BC (the thirteenth year after the Battle of Guiling). The cause of this war was that Pang Juan was ordered by King Hui of Wei to lead his troops to attack the Han capital Zheng (now Xinzheng, Henan), and Korea asked for help from Qi.

King Qi Wei asked Sun Bin again, and Sun Bin offered King Qi Wei a plan this time: "Deeply marry Han's relatives, and inherit the disadvantages of Wei later." This means that we promise to help Korea first, but don't rush to send troops to rescue, and wait until Wei and Korea are both defeated.

As a result, after receiving the promise of Qi to send troops to rescue them, Korea desperately resisted the Wei army, and as a result, five battles and five defeats, South Korea once again asked Qi for help. King Qi Wei saw that the time was ripe, with Tian Ji as the main general and Sun Bin as the military advisor, and sent troops to rescue Han.

Sun Bin asked Tian Ji to deploy the ambush circle of the Qi army in the Maling area in advance. There are many theories about where the ancient battlefield of Maling is. According to the note of "Historical Records", "there is a horse tomb in the northeast of Zhencheng County, Puzhou, more than 60 miles, and the valley is deep and steep, which can be ambushed", and "Pang Juan is defeated".