Definition and classification of water bodies, what are the types of water bodies?

A body of water, a collection of water.

Classification of water bodies. The water environment includes a variety of water bodies on the earth's surface, such as oceans, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater buried in the voids of soil rocks. A water body is a place where water gathers, and a water body is also known as a body of water.

A water body is a general term for "water storage bodies" such as surface water, groundwater, and oceans. in Environmental Science.

In this field, water bodies include not only water, but also suspended solids, sediments and aquatic organisms.

From the perspective of physical geography, a water body refers to a natural complex of the earth's surface covered by water. Water bodies can be partitioned by type or by region. When it is divided according to type, it can be divided into marine water body and land water body; Terrestrial water bodies can be further divided into surface water bodies (surface water bodies) and underground water bodies.

The area of a polygon formed by the surface of a water body is bounded by the boundary between the water body and the land, which constitutes the area of the water body. The so-called water body is a river.

Lakes and other places where there is water.

Water bodies can be partitioned by type or by region.

When it is divided according to type, it can be divided into marine water body and land water body; The terrestrial water body can be divided into surface water body (surface water body) and underground water body. Surface water includes oceans, lakes, rivers, reservoirs, swamps, ice fields, and glaciers. Groundwater is divided into submersible and confined water.

A water body divided by region refers to a specific area covered by water. Such as Taihu Lake, Dongting Lake, Poyang Bench Shouting Lake.

are three different bodies of water, but by the type of terrestrial water body, they belong to lakes; Another example is the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, and the Pearl River, which are all rivers, and according to the region, they belong to three water systems.

Water bodies can be broadly divided into the following three types: surface water bodies, groundwater water bodies, and marine water bodies.

Water bodies on Earth: ocean water, land water, atmospheric water, of which ocean water is the most important.

A water body is a general term for rivers, rivers, lakes, seas, groundwater, glaciers, etc. It is a natural complex of water-covered lots.

Types of water pollution.

The first is sensory pollution of water bodies, including color changes, turbidity changes, bubbles, odors, etc.

The second is organic pollution of water bodies, which mainly refers to the pollution caused by the discharge of wastewater containing a large amount of organic matter from urban sewage, food industry and paper industry. In the process of biological oxidation and decomposition of these pollutants in the water, a large amount of dissolved oxygen needs to be consumed, and once the oxygen in the water is insufficient, the oxidation will stop, causing anaerobic fermentation of organic matter, emitting a foul odor, polluting the environment, and poisoning aquatic organisms.

The third is the inorganic pollution of the water body, which refers to the pollution of acids, alkalis and inorganic salts and water bodies, first of all, the pH value of the water changes, destroys its natural buffering effect, inhibits the growth of microorganisms, and hinders the self-purification of the water body. At the same time, it will also increase the hardness of inorganic salts and water in the water, which will adversely affect industrial and domestic water.

Fourth, the toxic substances of the water body are polluted, and after all kinds of toxic substances enter the water body, at high concentrations, they will kill the organisms in the water; At low concentrations, it can be enriched in living organisms and concentrated through the food chain step by step, and finally affect the human body.

Fifth, eutrophication pollution of water bodies, wastewater containing plant nutrients into the water body will cause eutrophication of water bodies, so that algae bloom, and a large amount of dissolved oxygen in the water is consumed, resulting in suffocation and death of fish.

Sixth, oil pollution in water bodies, coastal and estuarine oil development, oil tanker transportation, oil refining industry wastewater discharge, etc., and when the oil forms an oil film on the water surface, it affects the oxygen entering the water body and causes harm to organisms. In addition, oil pollution destroys the landscape of beach retreats, scenic areas and the survival of birds.

Seventh, the thermal pollution of water bodies, and the cooling water of thermal power plants is the main source of thermal pollution. This wastewater is discharged directly into natural water bodies, which can cause water temperatures to rise, resulting in a decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water, and also increase the toxicity of certain poisons in the water. Rising water temperatures have the greatest impact on fish, which can cause population changes and deaths.

Eighth, the pathogenic microorganisms of the water body, domestic sewage, hospital sewage and slaughtering meat processing sewage, containing all kinds of viruses, bacteria, parasites and other pathogenic microorganisms, flow into the water body to spread various diseases.

Water pollution: The phenomenon that pollutants discharged by human activities enter the water body, causing a decline in water quality.

It causes red tides, affects the survival of marine river organisms, destroys vegetation and other hazards.

Water pollution affects industrial production, increases equipment corrosion, affects product quality, and even makes production impossible. Water pollution also affects people's lives, destroys the ecology, and directly endangers people's health, causing great damage. (1) After water pollution that endangers human health, pollutants enter the human body through drinking water or food chain, causing acute or chronic poisoning.

Arsenic, chromium, ammonium, benzo(a)pyrene, etc., can also induce cancer. Water contaminated with parasites, viruses or other pathogenic bacteria can cause a variety of infectious and parasitic diseases. Water polluted by heavy metals is harmful to human health.

Definition of a body of water:

The water body is the general name of rivers, rivers, lakes, seas, groundwater, glaciers, etc., and is a natural spring hidden complex in the area covered by the water of the transportation hall.

Classification of water bodies:

1. Surface water body refers to the general term of dynamic water and static water on the land surface, also known as "land water", including various liquid and solid water bodies, mainly rivers, lakes, swamps, glaciers, ice sheets, etc. It is one of the important water sources for human life, and it is also the main component of water resources in various countries;

2. Groundwater body refers to the water that exists in the rock void below the ground, and in a narrow sense, it refers to the water in the saturated aquifer below the groundwater surface. In the national standard "Hydrogeological Terminology", groundwater refers to various forms of gravity water buried below the surface;

3. The ocean is the general name of the most extensive water body on the earth, the central part of the ocean is called the ocean, and the edge part is called the sea, which communicates with each other to form a unified water body.

1. Natural water.

Definition: Water that exists in nature without artificial treatment, usually refers to rivers, lakes and wells. The natural water in the market is divided into natural spring shelter water and natural mineral water, which are both natural and scarce drinking water.

1) Mineral water.

Unpolluted underground mineral water that springs naturally from deep underground or is artificially developed contains a certain amount of mineral salts, trace elements or carbon dioxide gas, and under normal circumstances, its chemical composition, flow rate, water temperature and other dynamic indicators are relatively stable. There are certain elements in mineral water that are beneficial to human health.

2) Mountain spring water.

It is also a kind of mineral water, and its water intake point has higher requirements for the water source, which is taken from the natural purification of the stone rock layer from the cracks of the stone rock layer with a quiet environment, no pollution, stable pH value, water temperature and beneficial minerals and trace elements beneficial to the human body. It is stipulated that the source of the water, the stratigraphic structure and the exact mineral content of the water must be indicated in the mountain spring water. The essence of real mountain spring water and high-quality mineral water is the same, both contain pure natural minerals, and long-term drinking is beneficial to the human body, which is also the reason why these two types of water are currently favored in the market.

2. Artificial water.

Definition: Water in an unnatural state formed by the artificial removal or addition of mineral components to the water. Common artificial waters include purified water, mineral water, distilled water, ion exchange water, etc. The most popular products in the market are purified water, mineral water, and distilled water.

1) During the processing of pure water, it not only filters out harmful bacteria and impurities, but also filters out beneficial microorganisms and trace elements. If you drink purified water for a long time, the supply and demand of minerals in the human body may be out of balance.

2) Mineral water, like artificial soda, is made by adding a small amount of minerals on the basis of pure water.

Water is inseparable from people, plants, and animals, and it is impossible to survive on the earth without a water source, so water is a very important resource. Different water quality is also different, in our country the water is divided into 5 categories: branches, limbs, class, class, class, class.

The water quality of each category is different, and the source water belongs to the Guomeng Shijia Nature Reserve and is not polluted by the outside world. It is a centralized drinking water and cherished aquatic habitat belonging to the first-class protection area, such as the domestic water for fish and shrimp spawning. Class is the drinking water for animals and plants in the second-class protected area.

The class is general industrial water and recreational water use area. Classes are water for agriculture and water for landscaping.

A water pollution source refers to the source of pollution that causes water pollution. It usually refers to the premises, equipment and devices that discharge pollutants into the water disturbance body or have a harmful effect on the water body. According to the quality of pollutants, it can be divided into two categories: natural pollution sources and man-made pollution sources.

The input matter and energy are called pollutants or pollution factors.

Water pollution sources can be classified in different forms according to different classification methods:

1) According to the source of pollutants, they can be divided into industrial pollution sources, domestic pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources and natural pollution sources;

2) According to the types of emission pollution, it can be divided into organic pollution sources, inorganic pollution sources, thermal pollution sources, noise pollution sources, rapid emission pollution sources and mixed pollution sources that emit multiple pollutants at the same time.

3) According to the spatial distribution of pollutants discharged, they can be divided into point pollution sources (point sources) and non-point pollution sources (non-point sources), which is also a common classification method of water pollution sources.