What is the reason for so many highly toxic organisms in Australia?

Most likely: the prey is scarce, and only the more poisonous species survive.

Competition for access to food and the right to mate (food): When there is too little prey, the effectiveness of obtaining prey (not starving to death) is directly proportional to toxicity. Offspring with less toxicity are more likely to be eliminated.

Hiding from natural predators: Australia is closed and the environment is harsh, and there are few natural predators left.

The latest model defines the evolution of snake venom Highly toxic proteins evolve from non-venomous genes.

Phoenix Science and Technology News reported on December 10, Beijing time, according to science**, the current technology that depicts the main genes inside the mouth of a snake or lizard has changed the way scientists define animals as poisonous. If oral glands are able to express some of the genes from the 20 gene families associated with "toxins", then the species is defined as toxic. However, this definition is challenged by a new study from the University of Texas at Arlington in the United States, which also builds a new model describing how snake venom is produced.

The study, published in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution, is based on a comparative analysis of related genes or "gene families" in tissues of different parts of the python, also known as the Burmese python (Python molurus bivittatus).

Highly toxic proteins evolved from non-toxic genes.

A team led by Todd Castoe, an assistant professor of biology at the University of Texas at Arlington, which also included researchers from the University of Colorado and the United Kingdom, found that the so-called toxin gene family contained in the oral glands of the python was very similar to the same genes in the brain, liver, stomach and other organs and tissues of the python. The scientists say the discovery demonstrates the function of the snake venom gene before it evolved into snake venom. It also shows that the expression of such genes associated with snake venom in the oral glands of snakes or lizards is not sufficient to fully define whether a species is venomous or not.

There are many poisonous organisms in Australia, and there are geographical factors as well as local climate factors! Geographically, in terms of plate movement, the Australian plate has long been detached from other continental plates, which is biologically unfavorable to the survival of the fittest. In the case of kangaroos (bacterial toxins), which have long been eliminated by big cats on other continents, they have survived until now thanks to the isolation of organisms (toxins) that move from the plates.

Climate, the desert climate in the interior of Australia is very hot, generally speaking, the more extreme the climate, the more poisonous the creatures, because the living environment is too harsh, there are not many opportunities for predation, and when there is an opportunity, it is the most time-saving and efficient way to attack predation with toxins! Including Africans hunting monkeys for food, most of them are also attacked with arrow toxins and then stalking and picking <>up corpses

As for why Australia.

There are so many poisonous creatures, I think it's because for hundreds of millions of years, this is a closed continent completely isolated from other continents, and the weather is hot. Closure is not conducive to evolution, and there are few natural predators, so more lower organisms grow here slowly. It's hot, and it's also a paradise for poisonous creatures, and I haven't heard of how many giant poisonous beasts there are in the cold zone.

The main reason is that there is no change in the past few hundred years, and the secondary factor is that there are few people, only 10 million people. Australia is the kingdom of poisons Australia is the only one that belongs to Oceania.

It's so hot, it's so much forested, so a lot of animals are great to live in, and so there's a lot of animals, like kangaroos and bats, which are amazingly big, and box jellyfish.

Shark too climbing snake.

Lizards and so on -- all animals can become unusually large and poisonous here, and Australia is also known as the animal kingdom.

In the rainforests of Eastern Australia, species are flourishing and natural, except for humans, who have their own halos, the rest of the species want to avoid being eaten, and "poisonous" nature is the best way. The survival rate of organisms that mutated with the toxin increased significantly, and even the resistance of predators to the poison increased, but it also inspired more species to become "poisonous" – in this case, mostly plants. And in Western Australia.

The situation is quite the opposite. Most of the poisonous animals here are animals, and the reason is very simple, if you don't make the prey lose the ability to resist with a one-time attack, then you will be the prey. And many of the plants over there rely on animals to propagate them.

First of all, you should be aware of safety, try not to go to the wild, or take precautions. Secondly, not all creatures in Australia are aggressive, so be careful not to injure them by mistake. Finally, it is advisable to take a look at the endemic organisms of Australia, the toxic ones, the environment in which they live, their appearance, and their toxic components (neurotoxins.

Blood toxins, muscle toxins) and so on, so that you can better make countermeasures when attacked and facilitate the later **.

Australia is all about wildlife.

The paradise is densely vegetated and sparsely populated, and there are many animals, but there are relatively few horrors, and only two kinds of vigilance are needed. First, snakes, especially pythons.

And venomous snakes, when you go to the toilet, they come out of the toilet, commonplace. Second, poisonous insects such as spiders are more troublesome to bite and sting.

Because the climate of this place is very suitable for the growth of those poisonous organisms, and it is also very suitable for the reproduction of those poisonous organisms, and there are many forests in this place, so there are many poisonous organisms, and there is a lot of water in this place, so it is also very suitable for the growth of poisonous organisms. So it's normal to have this kind of situation in the local area.

It may be that Australia's geographical environment is more suitable for the survival of these creatures, and the local people will not pay attention to this problem, so there are many poisonous creatures.

The main reason is that there is no change in the past few hundred years, and the secondary factor is that there are few people, only 10 million people.

First of all, in terms of natural factors, Australia's climate is very suitable, warm and arid, and there are many animals that can grow here. It also meets the conditions of many animal lives. In addition, Australia has abundant pastures, which means that there is abundant food**.

This provides good conditions for the growth and reproduction of animals.

In addition, there are very few large mammals in Australia, which leads to many animals growing peacefully. Non-aggression against each other, even if there is a predator, or a competitive relationship, but also because of their size. Mutual hunting is very rare.

Unlike mammals, which can eat a whole deer or many small animals in one meal. This is also one of the reasons for the proliferation of animals in Australia.

Of course, human beings, as the highest level of the biological chain, also play an important role. Australia is sparsely populated, resulting in a relatively large space for animals to live. It can also be multiplied in large quantities.

In addition, their ideology is to protect animals and are unwilling to harm animals, which leads to the overflow of animals.

The reasons upstairs are very correct, but you don't have to worry, you basically can't encounter highly poisonous animals in Australia, unless you live in the deep mountains and forests of Australia.

Australia is located in the southern hemisphere and is surrounded by the sea, resulting in a rich range of unique species in Australia. It spans a wide range of latitudes and has a variety of climates, which is suitable for plant growth in various climates. Australia is vast and sparsely populated, with a weak human impact. All kinds of animals and plants have a unique growth environment.

Climatic reasons, poisonous organisms are easy to survive and reproduce!

Australia separated from the Paleocontinent early. Self-cultivation so....

The Australian continent is surrounded by the sea, and its unique geological history and environment make it one of the few countries with the richest biological species in the world, and it is the second country with the highest reptile species on the planet, and the tenth country in the world in terms of amphibian species.

The most lethal and toxic biological box jellyfish, the blue circle, among marine organisms.

Octopuses, ferocious great white sharks, are found in the waters off Australia; In the mangrove forests near the mouth of the river live the Australian saltwater crocodile, probably the largest crocodile in the world———; On land, in addition to the dangerous poisonous spider, more than half of the world's deadliest poisonous snakes live there.

The DeathAddersnake is one of the ten most venomous snakes in the world, with a body length of about 50 centimetres and a body length that inhabits dry, rocky bushes and feeds on birds and small mammals.

The funnelwebspider is one of the deadliest spiders in the world, one of Australia's most venomous spiders, aggressive by nature and can die within 15 minutes if bitten by it. The long, hard fangs of funnel-web spiders are enough to pierce a person's fingernails. In Australia, toilet seats are where they are frequented.

The redbackspider is one of Australia's most venomous spiders, also known as the Black Widow. After being bitten by a redback spider, it is difficult to detect at first, and the wound begins to heat and ache after 5 minutes, and if not treated in time, it may lead to death.

Saltwater crocodileA saltwater crocodile is basking in the sun, revealing its thick, sharp teeth. Saltwater crocodiles live in the coastal waters of South and Southeast Asia and northern Australia. It is probably the largest crocodile in the world.

The bluering octopus and the box jellyfish are two of the most venomous sea creatures, and the venom in their bodies can kill a person in a matter of minutes. At present, there is no medical detoxification method, and the blue-circled octopus is shy and likes to hide under the rocks, and only comes out at night to move and forage.

The King Brown Snake is also a venomous snake that lives in Australia and is one of the top 10 venomous snakes in the world. When threatened, the Brown Snake will flatten the narrow folds of its neck and raise the front of its body before attacking, feeding on other reptiles, amphibians, birds and small mammals.

Because Australia's environment is very suitable for the survival of poisonous creatures, there will be so many poisonous creatures in Australia.

Because Australia has a rich geographical and ecological environment, many animal and plant species are well preserved, so there will be many poisonous organisms. On several other continents, many poisonous organisms have been artificially controlled.

Because of the influence of the environment and opponents, toxins have evolved, and some toxins can not only deal with enemies but also protect themselves.

However, this does not mean that there are so many poisonous insects and poisonous snakes in Australia that there is no case of hurting people, on the contrary, there are many reports of Australian poisonous creatures hurting people, and why it is known to so many people in the world, the main reason is because Australia's ** likes to report these things, and Australia has a certain right to speak in the whole world, and after a long time, people will get used to it, so we think that peaceful coexistence is not at all not violating each other. Of course, the Australians themselves will take some precautions.

The main reason why there are many highly toxic creatures in Australia is that there are many dense forests, and humans will not disturb the living environment of these poisonous creatures casually.

Because Australians are born with immunity. In order to prevent poisons from entering the home, they usually have layers of protection around the perimeter of the house.

There are a lot of poisonous plants in Australia, but Australians are very familiar with them, and they will avoid their contact with the human body, and at the same time, they are also very familiar with their characteristics, and try to understand them as much as possible.

Australia's most venomous snake.

The most venomous snake in the world is the Belcher sea snake, which lives.

Australia. Around the reefs of the Ashmore Islands in the northwest, it is many times more venomous than any land snake.

The most venomous snake on land is the small, meter-long snake of Western Australia, whose venom can poison 250,000 rats.

Australia's most poisonous jellyfish.

For the past 100 years, Australia.

The venom of box jellyfish along the coast has killed at least 70 people, and some victims are said to have died within four minutes if there is not enough medicine. An effective defense tool is with women's stockings, the organs of jellyfish stingers cannot penetrate this substance.

King cobra venom.

In fact, some poisonous snakes are more venomous, such as:

Australian sea snake, but not very famous.

Toxicity: One gram can kill 15,000 people.

**: Jamming the king cobra's fangs on the edge of the cup will allow the venom to flow into the cup if you are caught in the process... Hurry up and take a plane to a big city hospital to find serum, if you can catch it, there is still salvation, by the way, if you don't have a wound in your mouth, that venom can be drunk, because your digestive system will break it down, but the premise is that the digestive tract is absolutely free of wounds.

North.

And the central part of Western Australia is a vast desert and a deserted place like that.

It is suitable for the survival of poisonous plants and animals.

Because there are no humans.

There are no natural predators. It will multiply unscrupulously