What are the two one sided theories on the basis for determining the purpose of education? Pedagogy

Individual-oriented ethics and social standards.

The basis for establishing the purpose of education.

1. The basis for establishing the purpose of education.

1) Establish a social basis for the purpose of education.

1. Realistic basis.

Clause. First, the purpose of education should reflect the demand for qualified personnel for productive forces and the development of science and technology.

Clause. 2. Certain relations of production and the resulting political and economic system are the direct basis for establishing the purpose of education.

2. Historical basis.

First of all, the purpose of education itself has a historical inheritance.

Second, the establishment of a wide range of educational goals will be influenced by traditional culture, and the cultural accumulation of a specific society or nation is also one of the bases for the establishment of educational goals.

2) Establish a philosophical and theoretical basis for the purpose of education.

The establishment of any specific educational purpose has its own internal philosophical theoretical basis, and the views on the nature of human beings, society, and even the whole world in philosophical theories will determine the basic direction of the value orientation of educational purposes. Here we select the philosophical basis of the dimension of the individual and the social standard**.

The philosophy of individualism and the philosophy of socialism provide in-depth theoretical support for the educational purpose of the individual-oriented and the social-oriented educational purpose. The philosophy of individualism holds that the individual is a primitive self-sufficient independent entity, and that society is only abstract and a virtual name;The individual is born with an independent, transcendent self, in which the individual has an impulse, interest, and need that is independent of the social environment, and these psychological traits are universal and fixed;In the state of nature, every human being is self-sufficient, with an inherent characteristic or quality that logically precedes political life in society, from which the constitutive principles of the state and society are deduced.

Contrary to the philosophy of individualism, the philosophy of socialism believes that man is the product of society, everything in personal life is in society, the real individual does not exist, "individual" is just an abstract concept, society is the real organism, it is not careless is the accumulation of a single individual and has a nature beyond individual existence.

3) The third basis for establishing the purpose of education: the human factor.

As the intermediary and ultimate destination of the establishment of the purpose of education, human beings are inevitably constrained by human factors. In a sense, it can be said that the human person is the direct basis for establishing the purpose of education.

Clause. 1. The restraining role of the setter of the purpose of education on the purpose of education.

Clause. 2. The law of the physical and mental development of the educated person restricts the establishment of the purpose of education.

The theoretical basis for the purpose of education in our country is the Marxist theory on the all-round development of man.

The purpose of education in Chinese socialism is stipulated in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, which is "the state to train young people, teenagers, and children to develop in an all-round way in terms of morality, intelligence, and physique" and to become educated workers with socialist consciousness.

This educational purpose embodies the Marxist thinking on the all-round development of man, clearly stipulates the socialist nature and direction of China's educational purpose, and points out the basic requirements for cultivating qualified personnel for socialist construction.

All kinds of schools at all levels, whether they are cultivating labor reserve forces or training all kinds of specialized personnel, need to enable them to develop in an all-round way in moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetic aspects. Morality, intellect, physique, and beauty are interdependent and interrelated. Each aspect has its own unique task, and one aspect cannot be highlighted and others ignored in practice.

Marxism holds that the practice of communism is a process of historical development. The all-round development of man is gradually realized in the course of the practice of the entire communist movement.

The theoretical basis for establishing the purpose of education in China is the Marxist theory on the all-round development of man.

The so-called all-round development of man refers to the all-round, harmonious, and full development of man's physical and intellectual strength, that is, the all-round, harmonious, and full development of man's physical and intellectual strength, as well as the development of man's morality. The combination of education and productive labor is the only and fundamental way to cultivate well-rounded human beings.

1) All-round human development. A well-rounded person is one who is universally and fully and freely developed, both mentally and physically, individually and socially.

2) Social conditions determine in what direction, how, and to what extent people develop.

3) From the perspective of the process of historical development, human development is constrained by the social division of labor.

4) The high development of modern large-scale industrial production will certainly put forward the requirements for all-round development of mankind and provide the possibility of all-round development.

5) Marx predicted that the full development of human beings can only be achieved in a communist society.

6) The combination of education and productive labor is the only way to achieve the all-round development of the human being.