How was the Northern Song Dynasty established?

Northern song dynasty. 960 1127).

In 960 A.D., Zhao Kuangyin, the general of the Later Zhou Dynasty, launched the Chenqiao Mutiny, established the Song Dynasty, and set the capital of Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan), known as the "Northern Song Dynasty" in history. Zhao Kuangyin is Song Taizu. At that time, in addition to the newly established Song Dynasty, there were also separatist forces such as the Later Shu, Southern Han, Southern Tang, Wu Yue, and Northern Han.

So since the founding of the Song Dynasty, Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin began his struggle to unify the whole country. In 964, 965, and 970 AD, the Northern Song Dynasty eliminated Jingxiang, Houshu, and Southern Han, and defeated the more powerful Southern Tang in 974. Since then, Wu Yue and local forces in Zhang, Quan, Fujian and other places have been one after another"Natu"In the Song Dynasty, the chaotic situation gradually ended.

In the Later Jin Dynasty of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the sixteen states of Yanyun in the north were ceded to the Liao State established by the Khitans. In order to recover the sixteen states of Yanyun, the Northern Song Dynasty fought a long war with Liao. Since Zhao Guangyi, Taizong of the Song Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty has fought with the Liao many times, but has not been able to recover the lost territory.

Until 1004 A.D., Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao State made an armistice and peace agreement in Lanzhou, agreeing that the Song and Liao were brothers' states, and the Northern Song Dynasty paid to the Liao every year"Age coins", the two sides do not invade each other. Since then, there has been a little tranquility in northern China, and this alliance between Song and Liao was called by later generations"The Alliance of the Abyss"。

In the first month of the first year of Jianlong (960), Zhao Kuangyin staged a mutiny in Chenyi, seized the power of the Later Zhou Dynasty, and established the Song Dynasty. After Zhou Shizong died of illness, Emperor Zhou Gong, who was only 7 years old, was unable to manage political affairs, and the country's political situation was turbulent. Zhao Kuangyin, the envoy of the German army, and the senior generals of the forbidden army, Shi Shouxin and Wang Xianqi, once worshiped as righteous brothers and held real power in the army.

On New Year's Day of the following year, it was rumored that Liaobang and the Northern Han sent troops south, and Fan Zhen, the prime minister of the Later Zhou Dynasty, hurriedly sent Zhao Kuangyin to lead the troops north to resist. The army marched to Chenqiaoyi (now Chenqiao Town, southeast of Fengqiu, Henan), where Zhao Kuangyin's younger brother Kuangyi (i.e., Zhao Jiong, Taizong of the Song Dynasty) and Zhao Pu, the secretary of the German army, instructed the soldiers to put the yellow robe on Zhao Kuangyin and proclaimed him emperor. On the fourth day of the first lunar month, Zhao Kuangyin led the army back to Kaifeng, forced Emperor Gong to take the throne, easily seized the power of the Later Zhou Dynasty, changed the name of the country to "Song", and established the Zhao and Song dynasties.

Zhao Kuangyin staged a mutiny in Chenqiaoyi, and the yellow robe was added.

1.Zhao Kuangyin.

2.Li Shimin.

Correct answer: Zhao Kuangyin.

Zhao Kuangyin because of its origin in Songzhou (now Hehenan, Shangsocks Kaiqiu), so the official country name is "Sue Qing Song", because the royal family surname Zhao, so it is also called Zhao Song, and because the five virtues are always said, the Song Dynasty is Huode, so it is also called Huo Song, Yan Song, and is called the Great Song Dynasty. Because the territory is located in the north relative to the later Southern Song Dynasty, it is also called the Northern Song Dynasty.

Zhao Kuangyin. In 960, the generals of the Later Zhou Dynasty launched the Chen Zao Ran Hongqiao Mutiny, supported the return of Song Prefecture to the German army, and made Zhao Kuangyin the emperor and established the Song Dynasty. In order to avoid the chaos of the secession of the late Tang Dynasty and the dictatorship of the eunuchs, Zhao Kuangyin adopted the policy of emphasizing literature and suppressing the military, strengthened the centralization of power, and deprived the military generals of their rights.

After Song Taizong ascended the throne and unified the whole country, Duan Dou Song Zhenzong and the Liao Dynasty gradually entered into the ruling world after concluding the alliance of Lanyuan. In 1125, the Jin Dynasty invaded the south, resulting in the disgrace of Jingkang and the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty.